Observation of aerosol size distribution and new particle formation under different air masses arriving at the northwesternmost South Korean island in the Yellow Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
pp. 105537
Author(s):  
Jong-Uk Park ◽  
Hyun-Jae Kim ◽  
Jinsoo Choi ◽  
Jin-Soo Park ◽  
Junghwa Heo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Yellow Sea ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Aerosol Size Distribution ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
South Korean

scholarly journals Analysis of particle size distribution changes between three measurement sites in Northern Scandinavia

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 9401-9442 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Väänänen ◽  
E.-M. Kyrö ◽  
T. Nieminen ◽  
N. Kivekäs ◽  
H. Junninen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Aerosol Particle ◽  
Particle Growth ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Aerosol Size Distribution ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Aerosol Dynamics ◽  
Particle Sizer

Abstract. We investigated atmospheric aerosol particle dynamics in a boreal forest zone in Northern Scandinavia. We used aerosol size distribution data measured with either a Differential Mobility Particle Sizer (DMPS) or Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) at three stations (Värriö, Pallas and Abisko), and combined these data with the HYSPLIT air mass trajectory analysis. We compared three approaches: analysis of new particle formation events, investigation of air masses transport from the ocean to individual stations with different over-land transport times, and analysis of changes in aerosol particle size distributions during the air masses transport from one measurement station to another. Aitken mode particles were found to have an apparent average growth rate of 0.6–0.7 nm h−1 when the air masses travelled over land. Particle growth rates during the NPF events were 3–6 times higher than the apparent particle growth. When comparing aerosol dynamics between the different stations for different over-land transport times, no major differences were found except that in Abisko the new particle formation events were observed to take place in air masses having shorter over-land times than at the other stations. We speculate that this is related to the meteorological differences along the paths of air masses caused by the land surface topology. When comparing between air masses travelling the east-to-west direction to those traveling the west-to-east directions, clear differences in the aerosol dynamics were seen. Our results suggest that the condensation growth has an important role in aerosol dynamics also when new particle formation is not evident.

scholarly journals Modeling particle nucleation and growth over northern California during the 2010 CARES campaign

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (21) ◽  
pp. 12283-12313 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lupascu ◽  
R. Easter ◽  
R. Zaveri ◽  
M. Shrivastava ◽  
M. Pekour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Number Concentration ◽  
Aerosol Size Distribution ◽  
Particle Nucleation ◽  
Particle Number Concentration ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Organic Vapors ◽  
Diurnal Variability

Abstract. Accurate representation of the aerosol lifecycle requires adequate modeling of the particle number concentration and size distribution in addition to their mass, which is often the focus of aerosol modeling studies. This paper compares particle number concentrations and size distributions as predicted by three empirical nucleation parameterizations in the Weather Research and Forecast coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) regional model using 20 discrete size bins ranging from 1 nm to 10 μm. Two of the parameterizations are based on H2SO4, while one is based on both H2SO4 and organic vapors. Budget diagnostic terms for transport, dry deposition, emissions, condensational growth, nucleation, and coagulation of aerosol particles have been added to the model and are used to analyze the differences in how the new particle formation parameterizations influence the evolving aerosol size distribution. The simulations are evaluated using measurements collected at surface sites and from a research aircraft during the Carbonaceous Aerosol and Radiative Effects Study (CARES) conducted in the vicinity of Sacramento, California. While all three parameterizations captured the temporal variation of the size distribution during observed nucleation events as well as the spatial variability in aerosol number, all overestimated by up to a factor of 2.5 the total particle number concentration for particle diameters greater than 10 nm. Using the budget diagnostic terms, we demonstrate that the combined H2SO4 and low-volatility organic vapor parameterization leads to a different diurnal variability of new particle formation and growth to larger sizes compared to the parameterizations based on only H2SO4. At the CARES urban ground site, peak nucleation rates are predicted to occur around 12:00 Pacific (local) standard time (PST) for the H2SO4 parameterizations, whereas the highest rates were predicted at 08:00 and 16:00 PST when low-volatility organic gases are included in the parameterization. This can be explained by higher anthropogenic emissions of organic vapors at these times as well as lower boundary-layer heights that reduce vertical mixing. The higher nucleation rates in the H2SO4-organic parameterization at these times were largely offset by losses due to coagulation. Despite the different budget terms for ultrafine particles, the 10–40 nm diameter particle number concentrations from all three parameterizations increased from 10:00 to 14:00 PST and then decreased later in the afternoon, consistent with changes in the observed size and number distribution. We found that newly formed particles could explain up to 20–30 % of predicted cloud condensation nuclei at 0.5 % supersaturation, depending on location and the specific nucleation parameterization. A sensitivity simulation using 12 discrete size bins ranging from 1 nm to 10 μm diameter gave a reasonable estimate of particle number and size distribution compared to the 20 size bin simulation, while reducing the associated computational cost by ~ 36 %.

scholarly journals Quantifying aerosol size distributions and their temporal variability in the Southern Great Plains, USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 11985-12006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Marinescu ◽  
Ezra J. T. Levin ◽  
Don Collins ◽  
Sonia M. Kreidenweis ◽  
Susan C. van den Heever
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Diurnal Cycle ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Aerosol Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
Particle Sizer

Abstract. A quality-controlled, 5-year dataset of aerosol number size distributions (particles with diameters (Dp) from 7 nm through 14 µm) was developed using observations from a scanning mobility particle sizer, aerodynamic particle sizer, and a condensation particle counter at the Department of Energy's Southern Great Plains (SGP) site. This dataset was used for two purposes. First, typical characteristics of the aerosol size distribution (number, surface area, and volume) were calculated for the SGP site, both for the entire dataset and on a seasonal basis, and size distribution lognormal fit parameters are provided. While the median size distributions generally had similar shapes (four lognormal modes) in all the seasons, there were some significant differences between seasons. These differences were most significant in the smallest particles (Dp<30 nm) and largest particles (Dp>800 nm). Second, power spectral analysis was conducted on this long-term dataset to determine key temporal cycles of total aerosol concentrations, as well as aerosol concentrations in specified size ranges. The strongest cyclic signal was associated with a diurnal cycle in total aerosol number concentrations that was driven by the number concentrations of the smallest particles (Dp<30 nm). This diurnal cycle in the smallest particles occurred in all seasons in ∼50 % of the observations, suggesting a persistent influence of new particle formation events on the number concentrations observed at the SGP site. This finding is in contrast with earlier studies that suggest new particle formation is observed primarily in the springtime at this site. The timing of peak concentrations associated with this diurnal cycle was shifted by several hours depending on the season, which was consistent with seasonal differences in insolation and boundary layer processes. Significant diurnal cycles in number concentrations were also found for particles with Dp between 140 and 800 nm, with peak concentrations occurring in the overnight hours, which were primarily associated with both nitrate and organic aerosol cycles. Weaker cyclic signals were observed for longer timescales (days to weeks) and are hypothesized to be related to the timescales of synoptic weather variability. The strongest periodic signals (3.5–5 and 7 d cycles) for these longer timescales varied depending on the season, with no cyclic signals and the lowest variability in the summer.

scholarly journals On the sub-micron aerosol size distribution in a coastal-rural site at El Arenosillo Station (SW – Spain)

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 11185-11206 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sorribas ◽  
B. A. de la Morena ◽  
B. Wehner ◽  
J. F. López ◽  
N. Prats ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Rural Site ◽  
Aerosol Size Distribution ◽  
Land Breeze ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Desert Dust ◽  
Median Size ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Marine Air

Abstract. This study focuses on the analysis of the sub-micron aerosol characteristics at El Arenosillo Station, a rural and coastal environment in South-western Spain between 1 August 2004 and 31 July 2006 (594 days). The mean total concentration (NT) was 8660 cm−3 and the mean concentrations in the nucleation (NNUC), Aitken (NAIT) and accumulation (NACC) particle size ranges were 2830 cm−3, 4110 cm−3 and 1720 cm−3, respectively. Median size distribution was characterised by a single-modal fit, with a geometric diameter, median number concentration and geometric standard deviation of 60 nm, 5390 cm−3 and 2.31, respectively. Characterisation of primary emissions, secondary particle formation, changes to meteorology and long-term transport has been necessary to understand the seasonal and annual variability of the total and modal particle concentration. Number concentrations exhibited a diurnal pattern with maximum concentrations around noon. This was governed by the concentrations of the nucleation and Aitken modes during the warm seasons and only by the nucleation mode during the cold seasons. Similar monthly mean total concentrations were observed throughout the year due to a clear inverse variation between the monthly mean NNUC and NACC. It was related to the impact of desert dust and continental air masses on the monthly mean particle levels. These air masses were associated with high values of NACC which suppressed the new particle formation (decreasing NNUC). Each day was classified according to a land breeze flow or a synoptic pattern influence. The median size distribution for desert dust and continental aerosol was dominated by the Aitken and accumulation modes, and marine air masses were dominated by the nucleation and Aitken modes. Particles moved offshore due to the land breeze and had an impact on the particle burden at noon, especially when the wind was blowing from the NW sector in the morning during summer time. This increased NNUC and NAIT by factors of 3.1 and 2.4, respectively. Nucleation events with the typical "banana" shape were characterised by a mean particle nucleation rate of 0.74 cm−3 s−1, a mean growth rate of 1.96 nm h−1 and a mean total duration of 9.25 h (starting at 10:55 GMT and ending at 20:10 GMT). They were observed for 48 days. Other nucleation events were identified as those produced by the emissions from the industrial areas located at a distance of 35 km. They were observed for 42 days. Both nucleation events were strongly linked to the marine air mass origin.

scholarly journals New particle formation and ultrafine charged aerosol climatology at a high altitude site in the Alps (Jungfraujoch, 3580 m a.s.l., Switzerland)

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 11361-11399 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Boulon ◽  
K. Sellegri ◽  
H. Venzac ◽  
D. Picard ◽  
E. Weingartner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Swiss Alps ◽  
Aerosol Size Distribution ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Charged Aerosol ◽  
Smog Chambers ◽  
The Many

Abstract. Aerosol nucleation is an important source of atmospheric particles which have an effect both on the climatic system and on human health. The new particle formation (NPF) process is an ubiquitous phenomenon, yet poorly understood despite the many studies performed on this topic using various approaches (observation, experimentation in smog chambers and modeling). In this work, we investigate the formation of secondary charged aerosols and its climatology at Jungfraujoch, a high altitude site in Swiss Alps (3580 m a.s.l.). Charged particles and clusters (0.5–1.8 nm) were measured within the EUCAARI program from April 2008 to April 2009 and allowed the detection of nucleation events. We found that the aerosol concentration, which is dominated by cluster size class, shows a strong diurnal pattern and that the aerosol size distribution and concentration are strongly influenced by the presence of clouds either during daytime or nighttime conditions. New particle formation events have been investigated and it appears that new particle formation occurs 17.5% of measured days and that the nucleation frequency is strongly linked to air mass origin and path and negatively influenced by cloud presence. In fact, we show that NPF events depend on the occurrence of high concentration VOCs air masses which allowed clusters growing by condensation of organic vapors rather than nucleation of new clusters. Furthermore, the contribution of ions to nucleation process was studied and we found that ion-mediated nucleation (IMN) contribute to 26% of the total nucleation so that ions play an important role in the new particle formation and growth at Jungfraujoch.

scholarly journals Spatial extent of new particle formation events over the Mediterranean Basin from multiple ground-based and airborne measurements

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 9567-9583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Berland ◽  
Clémence Rose ◽  
Jorge Pey ◽  
Anais Culot ◽  
Evelyn Freney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Spatial Extent ◽  
Aerosol Size Distribution ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Airborne Measurements ◽  
Synoptic Conditions ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract. Over the last two decades, new particle formation (NPF), i.e., the formation of new particle clusters from gas-phase compounds followed by their growth to the 10–50 nm size range, has been extensively observed in the atmosphere at a given location, but their spatial extent has rarely been assessed. In this work, we use aerosol size distribution measurements performed simultaneously at Ersa (Corsica) and Finokalia (Crete) over a 1-year period to analyze the occurrence of NPF events in the Mediterranean area. The geographical location of these two sites, as well as the extended sampling period, allows us to assess the spatial and temporal variability in atmospheric nucleation at a regional scale. Finokalia and Ersa show similar seasonalities in the monthly average nucleation frequencies, growth rates, and nucleation rates, although the two stations are located more than 1000 km away from each other. Within this extended period, aerosol size distribution measurements were performed during an intensive campaign (3 July to 12 August 2013) from a ground-based station on the island of Mallorca, as well as onboard the ATR-42 research aircraft. This unique combination of stationary and mobile measurements provides us with detailed insights into the horizontal and vertical development of the NPF process on a daily scale. During the intensive campaign, nucleation events occurred simultaneously both at Ersa and Mallorca over delimited time slots of several days, but different features were observed at Finokalia. The results show that the spatial extent of the NPF events over the Mediterranean Sea might be as large as several hundreds of kilometers, mainly determined by synoptic conditions. Airborne measurements gave additional information regarding the origin of the clusters detected above the sea. The selected cases depicted contrasting situations, with clusters formed in the marine boundary layer or initially nucleated above the continent or in the free troposphere (FT) and further transported above the sea.

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