scholarly journals Quantifying how much attention rodents allocate to motivationally-salient objects with a novel object preference test

2020 ◽  
Vol 380 ◽  
pp. 112389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iasmina Hornoiu ◽  
John Gigg ◽  
Deborah Talmi
Keyword(s):  
Preference Test ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Object Preference

The role of environmental familiarization in novel-object preference

2000 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Besheer ◽  
Rick A Bevins
Keyword(s):  
Novel Object ◽  
Object Preference

scholarly journals Actualization of Existing Experience and Features of Subsequent Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-131
Author(s):  
O.E. Svarnik ◽  
A.I. Bulava ◽  
D.L. Gladilin ◽  
I.A. Nazhestkin ◽  
E.A. Kuzina
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Preference Test ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Food Acquisition ◽  
Object Preference

The article presents data on the study of neurogenetic changes in the rat brain and the features of performing various behavioral acts during acquisition of a food-acquisition skill, depending on the actualization of the previously acquired skill. The experiments involved 13 animals who were successively trained in the following behaviors: new context in the open field test, new objects in the object preference test, drinking behavior using a vibrissal pad, and food-acquisition behavior of pressing the pedal. It turned out that the nature of motor activity and the severity of neurogenetic changes during learning a new skill in individuals who immediately before this training occurred short-term actualization of the experience formed at one of the previous stages of training, significantly differed from the same parameters in individuals who did not have such actualization. It is suggested that the actualization of previously formed experience before new training contributes to the formation of a new component of experience, but not in the sense of accelerating the formation of new behavior, but in the aspect of increasing the number of active neurons that change the expression of their genes.

Assessment of Dopamine Involvement in Novel-Object Preference

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Besheer ◽  
Cho-Khan Outten ◽  
Rick A. Bevins
Keyword(s):  
Novel Object ◽  
Object Preference

scholarly journals A limited role for the hippocampus in the modulation of novel-object preference by contextual cues

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 785-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Piterkin ◽  
E. Cole ◽  
M.-P. Cossette ◽  
S. Gaskin ◽  
D. G. Mumby
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Cues ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Limited Role ◽  
Object Preference

scholarly journals Mice lacking the synaptic adhesion molecule Neph2/Kirrel3 display moderate hyperactivity and defective novel object preference

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Yeon Choi ◽  
Kihoon Han ◽  
Tyler Cutforth ◽  
Woosuk Chung ◽  
Haram Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Object Preference

Object familiarization and novel-object preference in rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephane Gaskin ◽  
Marilyn Tardif ◽  
Emily Cole ◽  
Pavel Piterkin ◽  
Lima Kayello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Novel Object ◽  
Object Preference

Impact of Preoperative Environmental Enrichment on Prevention of Development of Cognitive Impairment following Abdominal Surgery in a Rat Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Kawano ◽  
Satoru Eguchi ◽  
Hideki Iwata ◽  
Takahiko Tamura ◽  
Naoko Kumagai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Object Preference

Abstract Background: Sustained neuroinflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Here, the authors evaluated the preventive effect of preoperative environmental enrichment (PEE) on the development of neuroinflammation and concomitant POCD in a rat abdominal surgery model. Methods: Young and aged rats were assigned to one of four groups using a 2 × 2 experimental design: PEE versus sedentary condition for 14 days, by abdominal surgery versus anesthesia alone (n = 8 in each group). After a 7-day postsurgical recovery period, cognitive function was assessed using a novel object recognition test, followed by measurement of hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Under identical conditions, microglia were isolated from the hippocampus for assessment of cytokine response to lipopolysaccharide. Results: In the sedentary group, aged, but not young, rats receiving surgery showed memory deficits (novel object preference during testing phase of 54.6 ± 7.8% vs. 76.9 ± 11.3% in nonsurgery group, P < 0.05) and increased hippocampal levels of cytokines compared with nonsurgical rats. PEE had no effects on novel object preference in nonsurgery animals (78.6 ± 10.7%), whereas it attenuated surgery-induced impairment of novel object preference (70.9 ± 15.0%, P < 0.05 vs. sedentary/surgery group) as well as increase of cytokine levels in hippocampus. Furthermore, upon ex vivo stimulation with lipopolysaccharide, cytokines release from hippocampal microglia isolated from aged rats before intervention was significantly higher in comparison with young rats. PEE resulted in reduction of these age-related microglial phenotypic changes. Conclusions: PEE could prevent the development of neuroinflammation and related POCD in aged rats by reversion of a proinflammatory phenotype of hippocampal microglia.

Lexical Comprehension in Young Children With Developmental Delays

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa A. Kouri
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Developmental Delays ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Group Status ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Comprehension Skills ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Lexical Concepts

Lexical comprehension skills were examined in 20 young children (aged 28–45 months) with developmental delays (DD) and 20 children (aged 19–34 months) with normal development (ND). Each was assigned to either a story-like script condition or a simple ostensive labeling condition in which the names of three novel object and action items were presented over two experimental sessions. During the experimental sessions, receptive knowledge of the lexical items was assessed through a series of target and generalization probes. Results indicated that all children, irrespective of group status, acquired more lexical concepts in the ostensive labeling condition than in the story narrative condition. Overall, both groups acquired more object than action words, although subjects with ND comprehended more action words than subjects with DD. More target than generalization items were also comprehended by both groups. It is concluded that young children’s comprehension of new lexical concepts is facilitated more by a context in which simple ostensive labels accompany the presentation of specific objects and actions than one in which objects and actions are surrounded by thematic and event-related information. Various clinical applications focusing on the lexical training of young children with DD are discussed.

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