Purification and biochemical characterization of an exo-polygalacturonase from Aspergillus flavus MTCC 7589

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 264-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautam Anand ◽  
Sangeeta Yadav ◽  
Dinesh Yadav
Author(s):  
EDSON LUIZ ZANGRANDO FIGUEIRA ◽  
MARCELA COLOGNESI DE SÁ ◽  
ELZA IOUKO IDA ◽  
ELISA YOKO HIROOKA

Considerando o interesse econômico da cultura do milho, alvo de ataque de fungos micotoxigênicos, esta investigação teve por objetivo a produção e caracterização bioquímica parcial de amilase das principais espécies problemáticas (Fusarium moniliforme e Aspergillus flavus). Empregandose cultivo em caldo de milho verde, adicionado de milho triturado, a maximização da produção de amilase de F. moniliforme e A. flavus ocorreu no 15o dia de fermentação. Submetendose o sobrenadante de cultura à precipitação fracionada com sulfato de amônio, entre 60 a 90% de saturação, obtevese a amilase fúngica, que foi caracterizada perante pH, temperatura e estabilidade térmica por metodologia de superfície de resposta. Em ambos os grupos fúngicos, a atividade enzimática foi maximizada em temperatura próxima a 40 °C, com pH em torno de 6,7 para amilase de F. moniliforme e 5,5 para A. flavus. A máxima estabilidade térmica da enzima de F. moniliforme ocorreu próximo a 21,0 °C. Abstract Regarding the economic relevance of corn culture and the fact that it can be a target to micotoxigenic fungi under improper storage conditions, this research aims the production of amylase and its partial biochemical characterization of the main problematic species Fusarium moniliforme and Aspergillus flavus. The fungi were cultivated in prepared medium containing both unripe and ground corn kernels. Maximum amylase production occurred on the 15th day of fermentation for both strains. The supernatant phase was fractionally precipitated with ammonium sulfate between 60 and 90% of saturation and the separated amylase had its parameters (pH, temperature and thermal stability) characterized by response surface methodology. Maximum activity was obtained at 40 °C and pH of 6.7 for the amylase of F. moniliforme and pH of 5.5 for the amylase of A. flavus. The optimal thermal stability for the enzyme of F. moniliforme occurred at 21 °C.


Author(s):  
J. H. Resau ◽  
N. Howell ◽  
S. H. Chang

Spinach grown in Texas developed “yellow spotting” on the peripheral portions of the leaves. The exact cause of the discoloration could not be determined as there was no evidence of viral or parasitic infestation of the plants and biochemical characterization of the plants did not indicate any significant differences between the yellow and green leaf portions of the spinach. The present study was undertaken using electron microscopy (EM) to determine if a micro-nutrient deficiency was the cause for the discoloration.Green leaf spinach was collected from the field and sent by express mail to the EM laboratory. The yellow and equivalent green portions of the leaves were isolated and dried in a Denton evaporator at 10-5 Torr for 24 hrs. The leaf specimens were then examined using a JEOL 100 CX analytical microscope. TEM specimens were prepared according to the methods of Trump et al.


2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-225
Author(s):  
R. G. Somkuwar ◽  
M. A. Bhange ◽  
A. K. Upadhyay ◽  
S. D. Ramteke

SauvignonBlanc wine grape was characterized for their various morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters grafted on different rootstocks. Significant differences were recorded for all the parameters studied. The studies on vegetative parameters revealed that the rootstock influences the vegetative growth thereby increasing the photosynthetic activities of a vine. The highest photosynthesis rate was recorded in 140-Ru grafted vine followed by Fercal whereas the lowest in Salt Creek rootstock grafted vines.The rootstock influenced the changes in biochemical constituents in the grafted vine thereby helping the plant to store enough food material. Significant differences were recorded for total carbohydrates, proteins, total phenols and reducing sugar. The vines grafted on1103-Pshowed highest carbohydrates and starch followed by 140-Ru,while the least amount of carbohydrates were recorded in 110-R and Salt Creek grafted vines respectively.Among the different rootstock graft combinations, Fercal showed highest amount of reducing sugar, proteins and phenols, followed by 1103-P and SO4, however, the lowest amount of reducing sugar, proteins and phenols were recorded with 110-R grafted vines.The vines grafted on different rootstocks showed changes in nutrient uptake. Considering this, the physico-biochemical characterization of grafted vine may help to identify particularrootstocks combination that could influence a desired trait in commercial wine grape varieties after grafting.


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