Ecological mechanisms for non-target parasitism by the Moroccan ecotype of Microctonus aethiopoides Loan (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in native grassland

Interspecific competition between Rhinocyllus conicus and Urophora soistitialis L on nodding thistle in Canterbury

New Zealand Plant Protection ◽

10.30843/nzpp.2005.58.4319 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 58 ◽

pp. 140-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.R. McNeill ◽

C.J. Fletcher

Keyword(s):

Interspecific Competition ◽

Insect Species ◽

Carduus Nutans ◽

Rhinocyllus Conicus ◽

Microctonus Aethiopoides

Nodding thistle receptacle weevil Rhinocyllus conicus and gallfly Urophora solstitialis attack the capitula of nodding thistle Carduus nutans L Between 31 October and 15 December 2003 the phenology of both R conicus and U solstitialis was studied at a dryland site in Canterbury Adult R conicus were more numerous than U solstitialis on capitula throughout the experiment Larvae of R conicus were first found on 11 November (15 of capitula infested) and peaked on 2 December with 53 of capitula infested Only 3 of capitula were infested by U solstitialis Adult R conicus or U solstitialis emerged from 79 of the selected primary and secondary capitula The majority of infested capitula (81) contained only R conicus 2 contained only U solstitialis while 17 contained both insect species Parasitism of R conicus by the braconid parasitoid Microctonus aethiopoides was low and occurred when most weevil eggs had been laid

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Chemical Ecology and Off-Flavour Substances

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1988.0239 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 20 (8-9) ◽

pp. 167-178

Author(s):

O. M. Skulberg

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Chemical Ecology ◽

Aquatic Environment ◽

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Relevant Research ◽

Fundamental Research ◽

Biotic Effects ◽

Ecological Mechanisms ◽

Ecological Importance

Off-flavour substances may be regarded as a resource which can be used to study special ecological mechanisms. Relevant research on off-flavours is inextricably combined with the study of perception, ethology, genetic control etc. The chemicals concerned are commonly perceived by the senses of olfaction and gustation. Thus research on the chemical ecology of off-flavour substances in the aquatic environment involves the study of a variety of disciplines. For example the biochemistry of the relevant substances and appropriate metabolic pathways must be considered. Chemical properties are important for the behaviour of the substances. The production of off-flavours by organisms is related to phenological circumstances. The biotic effects of ecologically significant substances are dependent on several environmental factors. This paper draws attention to the possible application of fundamental research in this area to selected problems of ecological importance.

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Beyond the single index: Investigating ecological mechanisms underpinning ecosystem multifunctionality with network analysis

Ecology and Evolution ◽

10.1002/ece3.7987 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ewa Siwicka ◽

Rebecca Gladstone‐Gallagher ◽

Judi E. Hewitt ◽

Simon F. Thrush

Keyword(s):

Network Analysis ◽

Single Index ◽

Ecological Mechanisms ◽

Ecosystem Multifunctionality

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Recolonization by Slugs: Vertical and Horizontal Dispersal by the Field Slug, Deroceras reticulatum

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12060531 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 531

Author(s):

Gordon Port ◽

Alan Craig ◽

Mark Shirley

Keyword(s):

Significant Contribution ◽

Vertical Movement ◽

Deroceras Reticulatum ◽

Ecological Mechanisms ◽

A Site ◽

Grassland Site

Following treatment with molluscicides or other controls, slugs can recolonize a site very quickly, but the proportion of the colonizing slugs moving from adjacent areas (horizontal dispersal) and the proportion from within the soil (vertical dispersal) has not previously been established. At a grassland site, barriers were used to exclude and trap slugs in order to estimate horizontal and vertical movement over a period of 32 months. For the first 15 months vertical movement made a significant contribution to the slugs recolonizing a grassland area. The ecological mechanisms occurring and the implications for the control of slugs are discussed.

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