S201. Sex Differences in the Reward System: Neural, Autonomic, and Behavioral Responses in Healthy Humans

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. S375
Author(s):  
Katherine Warthen ◽  
Keith G. Jones ◽  
Benjamin Sanford ◽  
Alita Boyse-Peacor ◽  
Tiffany Love ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Reward System ◽  
Healthy Humans

scholarly journals Sex differences in maladaptive emotional and behavioral responses to COVID-19: What is the role of personality?

2021 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 110834
Author(s):  
Sarah DeGrace ◽  
Natasha Baptist-Mohseni ◽  
Alanna Single ◽  
Matthew T. Keough ◽  
Jeffrey D. Wardell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Behavioral Responses

Behavioral measures of sensitization to repeated d-amphetamine: Preliminary data on sex differences in healthy humans

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. S265 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Weidenauer ◽  
M. Bauer ◽  
L. Bartova ◽  
U. Sauerzopf ◽  
N. Praschak-Rieder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Healthy Humans

scholarly journals Sex differences in the behavioral responses of dogs exposed to human chemosignals of fear and happiness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biagio D’Aniello ◽  
Barbara Fierro ◽  
Anna Scandurra ◽  
Claudia Pinelli ◽  
Massimo Aria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Stress Signals ◽  
Stress Behaviors ◽  
The Stranger

AbstractThis research focuses on sex differences in the behavioral patterns of dogs when they are exposed to human chemosignals (sweat) produced in happy and fear contexts. No age, breed or apparatus-directed behavior differences were found. However, when exposed to fear chemosignals, dogs’ behavior towards their owners, and their stress signals lasted longer when compared to being exposed to happiness as well as control chemosignals. In the happy odor condition, females, in contrast to males, displayed a significantly higher interest to the stranger compared to their owner. In the fear condition, dogs spent more time with their owner compared to the stranger. Behaviors directed towards the door, indicative of exit interest, had a longer duration in the fear condition than the other two conditions. Female dogs revealed a significantly longer door-directed behavior in the fear condition compared to the control condition. Overall the data shows that the effect of exposure to human emotional chemosignals is not sex dependent for behaviors related to the apparatus, the owner or the stress behaviors; however, in the happiness condition, females showed a stronger tendency to interact with the stranger.

Sex differences in respiratory muscle activation patterns during high-intensity exercise in healthy humans

2018 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reid A. Mitchell ◽  
Michele R. Schaeffer ◽  
Andrew H. Ramsook ◽  
Sabrina S. Wilkie ◽  
Jordan A. Guenette
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Muscle Activation Patterns ◽  
Healthy Humans

180 SEX DIFFERENCES IN BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES TO ARTIFICIAL CALCULOSIS IN RATS

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (S1) ◽  
pp. S49c-S50 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Aloisi ◽  
I. Ceccarelli ◽  
P. Fiorenzani ◽  
C. Aurilio ◽  
M.C. Pace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Behavioral Responses

Sex Differences Can Influence Behavioral Responses

2018 ◽  
pp. 189-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald W. Pfaff ◽  
Robert T. Rubin ◽  
Jill E. Schneider ◽  
Geoffrey A. Head
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Behavioral Responses

scholarly journals Sex-Biased Trajectories of Amygdalo-Hippocampal Morphology Change Over Human Development

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari M. Fish ◽  
Ajay Nadig ◽  
Jakob Seidlitz ◽  
Paul K. Reardon ◽  
Catherine Mankiw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Female Size ◽  
Spatial Gradients ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Neuroimaging Data ◽  
Hippocampal Development ◽  
Growth Deceleration

ABSTRACTThe amygdala and hippocampus are two adjacent allocortical structures implicated in sex-biased and developmentally-emergent psychopathology. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics of amygdalo-hippocampal development remain poorly understood in healthy humans. The current study defined trajectories of volume and shape change for the amygdala and hippocampus by applying a multi-atlas segmentation pipeline (MAGeT-Brain) and semi-parametric mixed-effects spline modeling to 1,529 longitudinally-acquired structural MRI brain scans from a large, single-center cohort of 792 youth (403 males, 389 females) between the ages of 5 and 25 years old. We found that amygdala and hippocampus volumes both follow curvilinear and sexually dimorphic growth trajectories. These sex-biases were particularly striking in the amygdala: males showed a significantly later and slower adolescent deceleration in volume expansion (at age 20 years) than females (age 13 years). Shape analysis localized significant hot-spots of sex-biased anatomical development in sub-regional territories overlying rostral and caudal extremes of the CA1/2 in the hippocampus, and the centromedial nuclear group of the amygdala. In both sexes, principal components analysis revealed close integration of amygdala and hippocampus shape change along two main topographically-organized axes – low vs. high areal expansion, and early vs. late growth deceleration. These results bring greater resolution to our spatiotemporal understanding of amygdalo-hippocampal development in healthy males and females and discover focal sex-differences in the structural maturation of the brain components that may contribute to differences in behavior and psychopathology that emerge during adolescence.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe amygdala and hippocampus are implicated in several developmentally-dynamic and sex-biased psychiatric disorders, but the spatiotemporal organization and sex-biased patterning of amygdalo-hippocampal maturation remains unclear in humans. Here, by integrating new methods for analysis of longitudinal neuroimaging data, we resolve the developmental milestones and spatial gradients that organize human amygdalo-hippocampal maturation. Each structure’s volume follows a tri-phasic, curvilinear growth trajectory which - for the amygdala - shows rapid male-female size divergence in mid-adolescence through delayed growth deceleration in males. Spatially fine-grained shape analyses localize these sex differences, and further reveal highly orchestrated shape changes across the amygdala and hippocampus that are organized by two topographical gradients. These data provide a new framework for understanding amygdalo-hippocampal organization in human development.

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