Effect of the raw materials and mixing ratio of composted wastes on the dynamic of organic matter stabilization and nitrogen availability in composts of Sub-Saharan Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 1002-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Théodore Wind-Tinbnoma Kaboré ◽  
Sabine Houot ◽  
Edmond Hien ◽  
Prosper Zombré ◽  
Victor Hien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Organic Matter Stabilization ◽  
Sub Saharan

Commercial production of Nile tilapia on Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Private Equity ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fish Farm ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Lake Kariba ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Lake Harvest Aquaculture (Pvt) Ltd was first developed into a freshwater tilapia fish farm business in 1996 on premises that originally farmed freshwater prawns owned by one of Zimbabwe's food companies, Cairns Foods Ltd. The farm was set up in 1997 and, ten years later, has grown to a 3000-tonne fish farm where tilapia are produced primarily for processing and export to European and regional markets. The original targeted projections for production and net income of the farm were proving accurate until 2001 when the macro-economy began to shrink. Low production on crop farms due to inadequate resources and drought brought a shortage of raw materials to the feed manufacturing companies. The continuous downward trend in feed production affected the company as it failed to support its growing fish biomass. The feed and economy problems resulted in a decision by the board to stop expansion of the business in 2002. Lake Harvest business was set up at a cost of US $10,000,000. The business was externally funded by the Commonwealth Development Corporation (CDC Group plc) and Comafin, a pan-African private equity fund, before the share holding structure changed in 2002. The major costs were encountered on the installation and mooring of cages, and the construction of a fish processing factory. Six sites were installed, each costing around US $350,000, including boats. The processing factory cost around US $4,000,000. The objectives of this case study are to: * Provide a scenario and overview of Lake Harvest Aquaculture as a company growing tilapia in cages in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe. * Provide a means of assessment and learning for those considering developing cage-based aquaculture in sub-Saharan Africa. All of the main activities carried out at Lake Harvest will be described in the same sequence as followed on-farm; production, management, and sale of the final product: * Breeding * Feeding * Sampling * Diving * Harvesting * Processing * Marketing.

Industrial Parks as a Solution to Expanding Urbanization

2018 ◽  
pp. 327-345
Author(s):  
Moses Kibe Kihiko
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Export Tax ◽  
China Model ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Many

In a bid to foster the continent's industrialization, Sub-Saharan Africa launched industrial clusters or parks for channeling foreign know-how and capital and are bypassing the many obstacles of domestic business environments. Due to the high degree of failure experienced in many parts Africa, the China model of success story can serve as a case study of commitment top leadership, political goodwill, focused legal and regulatory framework, setting up favorable location advantages, tax breaks, duty-free imports of raw materials, export tax exemption, updated and modern technologies. It is also important African industrial development to build local manufacturing capacity, skilled people, including strengthening the concept of public-private partnership, but above all, investing in infrastructure.

Apparel sourcing in Sub-Saharan Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-218
Author(s):  
Ruth Dede Adikorley ◽  
Kristin Thoney-Barletta ◽  
Jeff Joines ◽  
Lori Rothenberg
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Major Player ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
High Level

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine why Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is not currently a major player in producing apparel for the US market and determine if SSA is likely to become one because of several opportunities that the region offers, including relatively low labor wages, an ample labor force and duty-free access to the USA through the 10-year renewal of AGOA. Design/methodology/approach In-depth interviews were conducted with eight high-level executives in apparel sourcing and trade agencies to obtain their views on the opportunities and challenges of sourcing in SSA in relation to other major apparel sourcing regions. A descriptive analysis of the qualitative data was used to answer three research questions. Findings The findings reveal that SSA is a competitive region to source from, because of low labor wages and the duty-free benefits through AGOA. However, several challenges hinder a significant increase in sourcing from SSA. The executives recommended that for SSA to be a significant force in the global apparel market, vertical supply chains should be developed, where raw materials like fabric are sourced from within the country/region and SSA governments should become more involved in business environment improvements. Originality/value At present, there is limited academic literature on sourcing and supplier selection in Africa, particularly in textile and apparel sourcing in SSA. Based on interviews from high-level executives engaged in the sourcing decision-making process, this study reveals the benefits, challenges and opportunities for sourcing apparel from SSA countries.

scholarly journals Sustainable Farming Systems in the Sub-Sahelian Zone of Burkina Faso -

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. - Hien ◽  
W. T. - Kabore ◽  
D. - Masse ◽  
P. Dugue
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Degraded Soil ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Depth Interviews

Rapid population growth and climatic change threatens the sustainability of natural resources. Farming practices can mitigate environmental change and degradation. The aim of this research conducted in Yatenga region was to describe and to analyse manure practices management. In 2005, a survey was carried out to assess the evolution of farming practices. A survey was initially conducted with a sample of 44 farmers, selected randomly in the three neighbouring villages. Subsequently, 18 farms were selected for in-depth interviews. The grain yield was measured and the different practices of soil and water conservation developed by farmers were compared. According to the enquiries, two practices, called “zaï” and “djengo”, were largely used in cereals production. The “zaï” practice, known as a traditional technique for restoration of degraded soil, is characterized by the capture of runoff by micro-watersheds and a localized organic matter supply at the soil-plant system scale. The “djengo” practice is based on the same principle of the “zaï” practice but was applied on the sandy soil as traditionally “zaï” concerned the degraded and crusty soils. The two practices could increase grain crop production but moreover could limit the risk of crops failure. In addition, our observations also showed that frequent tree regenerations occurred in plots and watersheds where “zaï” or “djengo” practices were used. This study highlights the necessity of better controlling soil, water and organic matter to improve agrosystem sustainability in sub Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals The Glass Making Crucibles from Ile-Ife, SW Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Babalola ◽  
Th. Rehren ◽  
A. Ige ◽  
S. McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Refractory Clay ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Finished Glass ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Glass Working

Abstract Crucibles to melt glass are very rare in archaeological contexts in sub-Saharan Africa. Recent archaeological excavations at Igbo Olokun, Ile-Ife (Southwest Nigeria) revealed abundant fragments of glass crucibles from 11th-15th century AD deposits, matching the complete and near complete examples earlier reported from Ile-Ife. This paper provides an in-depth examination of these crucible fragments in order to understand the material quality of the crucibles, their typology, and their functions in glass- working/making. Optical microscopic and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) analyses were carried out on ten crucible samples. The composition of ceramic fabrics and the adhering glass are presented and discussed in view of their function. The crucibles were produced from specifically selected highly refractory clay and used for melting glass from its raw materials; colorants were added to the melt in the crucible. The useable capacity of the crucibles varied from 1 to 7 liters, equivalent to about 2.5 to 17.5 kg of finished glass for each crucible. Compositional analysis of a sample of the thousands of glass beads from the excavations indicates that the crucibles were used to melt the glass used in the beads. Archaeological evidence of glass bead making at this scale has not previously been reported from West Africa. The crucibles are unique evidence of indigenous glass-working/making in Sub-Saharan Africa from early through mid-second millennium AD.

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