Genetic Liability to Cannabis Use Disorder and COVID-19 Hospitalization

Abstract Cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug worldwide, and it is estimated that up to 30% of people who use cannabis will develop a cannabis use disorder (CUD). Demand for treatment of CUD is increasing in almost every region of the world and cannabis use is highly comorbid with mental disorders, where sustained use can reduce treatment compliance and increase risk of relapse. In this narrative review, we outline evidence for psychosocial and pharmacological treatment strategies for CUD, both alone and when comorbid with psychosis, anxiety or depression. Psychosocial treatments such as cognitive behavioural therapy, motivational enhancement therapy and contingency management are currently the most effective strategy for treating CUD but are of limited benefit when comorbid with psychosis. Pharmacological treatments targeting the endocannabinoid system have the potential to reduce cannabis withdrawal and cannabis use in CUD. Mental health comorbidities including anxiety, depression and psychosis hinder effective treatment and should be addressed in treatment provision and clinical decision making to reduce the global burden of CUDs. Antipsychotic medication may decrease cannabis use and cannabis craving as well as psychotic symptoms in patients with CUD and psychosis. Targeted treatments for anxiety and depression when comorbid with CUD are feasible.

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Increased S100B Levels in Cannabis Use Disorder

European Addiction Research ◽

10.1159/000442046 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 177-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Huseyin Bayazit ◽

Erdinc Cicek ◽

Salih Selek ◽

Nurten Aksoy ◽

I. Fatih Karababa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Calcium Binding ◽

Neuronal Damage ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

S100b Protein ◽

Control Group ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Cannabis Use Disorder ◽

Protein Levels ◽

S100 Calcium Binding Protein ◽

The Mean

Background: It has been determined that cannabis has adverse effects on brain tissue, and that increased S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) blood levels are markers of neuronal damage. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the S100B levels in cannabis use disorder. Method: Thirty-two patients with cannabis use disorder and 31 matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Appropriate blood samples were taken from the enrolled subjects, and the serum S100B protein levels were measured with an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay for the quantification of the protein. Findings: We found significantly increased S100B protein levels in patients with cannabis use disorder. The mean serum concentration of S100B was 0.081 ± 0.018 μg/l in patients with cannabis use disorder, and 0.069 ± 0.018 μg/l in the control group (p = 0.008). Interpretation: Our data suggest that elevated S100B protein levels might indicate neuronal damage in the brains of people with cannabis use disorder.

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Legal substance use and the development of a DSM-IV cannabis use disorder during adolescence: the TRAILS study

Addiction ◽

10.1111/add.12346 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 109 (2) ◽

pp. 303-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Andrea Prince van Leeuwen ◽

Hanneke E. Creemers ◽

Frank C. Verhulst ◽

Wilma A. M. Vollebergh ◽

Johan Ormel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Cannabis Use Disorder ◽

Dsm Iv

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