scholarly journals Experiential avoidance and aversive visual images: Response delays and event-related potentials on a simple matching task

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1379-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Cochrane ◽  
Dermot Barnes-Holmes ◽  
Yvonne Barnes-Holmes ◽  
Ian Stewart ◽  
Carmen Luciano
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Related Potentials

Categorical Perception of Happiness and Fear Facial Expressions: An ERP Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Campanella ◽  
P. Quinet ◽  
R. Bruyer ◽  
M. Crommelinck ◽  
J.-M. Guerit
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Categorical Perception ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Temporal Course ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Repetition Priming Effect

Behavioral studies have shown that two different morphed faces perceived as reflecting the same emotional expression are harder to discriminate than two faces considered as two different ones. This advantage of between-categorical differences compared with within-categorical ones is classically referred as the categorical perception effect. The temporal course of this effect on fear and happiness facial expressions has been explored through event-related potentials (ERPs). Three kinds of pairs were presented in a delayed same–different matching task: (1) two different morphed faces perceived as the same emotional expression (within-categorical differences), (2) two other ones reflecting two different emotions (between-categorical differences), and (3) two identical morphed faces (same faces for methodological purpose). Following the second face onset in the pair, the amplitude of the bilateral occipito-temporal negativities (N170) and of the vertex positive potential (P150 or VPP) was reduced for within and same pairs relative to between pairs. This suggests a repetition priming effect. We also observed a modulation of the P3b wave, as the amplitude of the responses for the between pairs was higher than for the within and same pairs. These results indicate that the categorical perception of human facial emotional expressions has a perceptual origin in the bilateral occipito-temporal regions, while typical prior studies found emotion-modulated ERP components considerably later.

scholarly journals Physiological and Medico-Social Research Trends of the Wave P300 and More Late Components of Visual Event-Related Potentials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Lytaev ◽  
Irina Vatamaniuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Research ◽  
Brain Computer Interface ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Multiple Modalities ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Sensory Processes

The objective of this study was aimed to study the sensory processes of the “human-computer interaction” model when classifying visual images with an incomplete set of signs based on the analysis of early, middle, late and slow components of event-related potentials (ERPs). 26 healthy subjects (men) aged 20-22 years were investigated. ERPs in 19 monopolar sites according to the 10/20 system were recorded. Discriminant and factor analysis were applied. The component N450 is the most specialized indicator of the perception of unrecognizable (oddball) visual images. The amplitude of the ultra-late components N750 and N900 is also higher under conditions of presentation of the oddball image, regardless of the location of the registration points. The results of the study are discussed in the light of the paradigm of the P300 wave application in brain-computer interface systems, as well as with the peculiarities in brain pathology. Promising directions for the development of studies of the “Brain Computer Interface” (BCI) P300 systems are to increase the throughput of information flows. To extend the application of the P300 ERPs to multiple modalities, the underlying physiological mechanisms and responses of the brain for a particular sensory system and mental function must be carefully examined.

scholarly journals Association between categorization of emotionally-charged and neutral visual scenes and parameters of event-related potentials in carriers of COMT, HTR2A, BDNF gene polymorphisms

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Elena V. Vorobyeva ◽  
Pavel N. Ermakov ◽  
Evgenij F. Borokhovski ◽  
Ekaterina M. Kovsh ◽  
Alexander S. Stoletniy
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Bdnf Gene ◽  
Heterozygous Genotype ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Unpaired Student ◽  
Visual Scenes ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

Background: This study aimed to discover the association between parameters of event-related potentials (ERPs) and categorization of images of visual scenes, both emotionally-charged and neutral, in carriers of polymorphisms of the COMT, HTR2A, BDNF genes. Methods: Electroencephalogram (EEG) and ERPs were recorded at 128 leads, with two ear referents. Images of different visual scenes were presented to the study participants sequentially on a monitor screen. The participants’ task was to examine these images and indicate what emotions (negative, neutral or positive) they elicit. Comparison of event-related potentials was carried out using unpaired Student t-test in EEGLAB toolbox. Results: COMT. A stronger reaction, as reflected in the amplitude of the ERPs, in participants with the recessive homozygous Met/Met genotype was observed on latency around 200 ms to the stimuli, assessed as positive. Carriers of dominant homozygous Val/Val genotype had higher amplitude of 200 ms peak when assessed scene images as either neutral or negative in comparison to other genotypes. Participant with the Val/Met heterozygous genotype had higher amplitude of ERP that Met/Met group on same latency when assessed stimuli as negative. HTR2A. Significant increase in negativity in the parietal-occipital regions revealed in the range of 350-420 ms in participants with the recessive homozygous A/A genotype when choosing any type of assessment, compared to carriers of the heterozygous genotype A/G and the dominant homozygous G/G genotype. BDNF. Participants with Val/Val genotype categorized the visual images more thoroughly, as reflected in greater activation of the parietal-occipital zones and higher amplitude on ERP peak on 190 ms (negative assessment) and 160 ms (neutral assessment) then Val/Met carriers. Conclusions: The COMT, HTR2A, BDNF gene polymorphisms are associated with the process of categorizing emotionally charged and neutral visual scenes, and this relationship is reflected in the ERP parameters.

scholarly journals Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over the Right Posterior Superior Temporal Sulcus Promotes the Feature Discrimination Processing

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qihui Zhou ◽  
Penghui Song ◽  
Xueming Wang ◽  
Hua Lin ◽  
Yuping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Single Pulse ◽  
Superior Temporal Sulcus ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Frontal Pole ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Right ◽  
Posterior Superior Temporal Sulcus

Attention is the dynamic process of allocating limited resources to the information that is most relevant to our goals. Accumulating studies have demonstrated the crucial role of frontal and parietal areas in attention. However, the effect of posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) in attention is still unclear. To address this question, in this study, we measured transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-induced event-related potentials (ERPs) to determine the extent of involvement of the right pSTS in attentional processing. We hypothesized that TMS would enhance the activation of the right pSTS during feature discrimination processing. We recruited 21 healthy subjects who performed the dual-feature delayed matching task while undergoing single-pulse sham or real TMS to the right pSTS 300 ms before the second stimulus onset. The results showed that the response time was reduced by real TMS of the pSTS as compared to sham stimulation. N270 amplitude was reduced during conflict processing, and the time-varying network analysis revealed increased connectivity between the frontal lobe and temporo-parietal and occipital regions. Thus, single-pulse TMS of the right pSTS enhances feature discrimination processing and task performance by reducing N270 amplitude and increasing connections between the frontal pole and temporo-parietal and occipital regions. These findings provide evidence that the right pSTS facilitates feature discrimination by accelerating the formation of a dynamic network.

scholarly journals Physiological and Medico-Social Research Trends of the Wave P300 and More Late Components of Visual Event-Related Potentials

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Sergey Lytaev ◽  
Irina Vatamaniuk
Keyword(s):  
Sensory System ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Peak Latency ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Brain Pathology ◽  
Bmdp Statistical Software ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Sensory Processes

To extend the application of the late waves of the event-related potentials (ERPs) to multiple modalities, devices and software the underlying physiological mechanisms and responses of the brain for a particular sensory system and mental function must be carefully examined. The objective of this study was aimed to study the sensory processes of the “human-computer interaction” model when classifying visual images with an incomplete set of signs based on the analysis of early, middle, late and slow ERPs components. 26 healthy subjects (men) aged 20–26 years were investigated. ERPs in 19 monopolar sites according to the 10/20 system were recorded. Discriminant and factor analyzes (BMDP Statistical Software) were applied. The component N450 is the most specialized indicator of the perception of unrecognizable (oddball) visual images. The amplitude of the ultra-late components N750 and N900 is also higher under conditions of presentation of the oddball image, regardless of the location of the registration points. In brain pathology along with the pronounced asymmetry of the wave distribution, reduction of the N150 wave and lengthening of its peak latency, a line of regularities were noted. These include–a pronounced reduction in peak latency P250 and N350, an increased amplitude of N350 in the frontal and central points of registration, a decrease in the amplitude of N450 in the left frontal cortex and its increase in the occipital registration points, activation of the occipital cortex at a time interval of 400–500 ms, as well as fusion later waves. We called such phenomena of the development of cognitive ERP in brain pathology “the incongruence of ERP components”. The results of the research are discussed in the light of the paradigm of the P300 wave application in brain-computer interface systems, as well as with the peculiarities in brain pathology.

scholarly journals Dysfunctional temporal stages of eye-gaze perception in adults with ADHD: a high-density EEG study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheyenne Mauriello ◽  
Eleonore Pham ◽  
Samika Kumar ◽  
Camille Piguet ◽  
Jean-Michel Aubry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Gaze Perception ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Direct Gaze ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Reduced Activity

ADHD have been associated with social cognitive impairments across the lifespan, but no studies have specifically addressed the presence of abnormalities in eye-gaze processing in the adult brain. This study investigated the neural basis of eye-gaze perception in adults with ADHD using event-related potentials (ERP). Twenty-three ADHD and 23 controls performed a delayed face-matching task with neutral faces that had either direct or averted gaze. ERPs were classified using microstate analyses. ADHD and controls displayed similar P100 and N170 microstates. ADHD was associated with cluster abnormalities in the attention-sensitive P200 to direct gaze, and in the N250 related to facial recognition. For direct gaze, source localization revealed reduced activity in ADHD for the P200 in the left/midline cerebellum, as well as in a cingulate-occipital network at the N250. These results suggest brain impairments involving eye-gaze decoding in adults with ADHD, suggesting that neural deficits persist across the lifespan.

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