The role of building characteristics, demographics, and urban heat islands in shaping residential energy use

The role of urban heat islands in producing systematic isopycnic tilts is explored in more detail, and with greater rigor, than in Part I of this series. (Perth, 1974).Specifically, a three dimensional integration is carried out, and light rays are, in effect, “traced” through the resulting perturbation field by evaluating the integral of anomalous refraction. This is done for various values of the parameters, viz., wind direction and observatory location relative to the heat island, strength of the central perturbation, zenith distance of the observed object, etc.It is stressed that heat islands are not the only source of such systematic effects.Finally, a brief discussion of some possible methods of determining observationally the effects here treated theoretically, as well as other site dependent effects, is appended.

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Urban heat islands in humid and arid climates: role of urban form and thermal properties in Colombo, Sri Lanka and Phoenix, USA

Climate Research ◽

10.3354/cr00694 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

pp. 241-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 92

Author(s):

R Emmanuel ◽

HJS Fernando

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Urban Form ◽

Urban Heat Islands ◽

Heat Islands ◽

Urban Heat

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Addressing the Urban Heat Islands Effect: A Cross-Country Assessment of the Role of Green Infrastructure

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13020753 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 753

Author(s):

Walter Leal Filho ◽

Franziska Wolf ◽

Ricardo Castro-Díaz ◽

Chunlan Li ◽

Vincent N. Ojeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Green Infrastructure ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Heat Waves ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Life Quality ◽

Urban Heat Islands ◽

Heat Islands ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Urban Heat

The Urban Heat Islands (UHI) effect is a microclimatic phenomenon that especially affects urban areas. It is associated with significant temperature increases in the local microclimate, and may amplify heat waves. Due to their intensity, UHI causes not only thermal discomfort, but also reductions in the levels of life quality. This paper reviews the important role of green infrastructure as a means through which the intensity of UHI may be reduced, along with their negative impact on human comfort and wellbeing. Apart from a comprehensive review of the available literature, the paper reports on an analysis of case studies in a set of 14 cities in 13 countries representing various geographical regions and climate zones. The results obtained suggest that whereas UHI is a common phenomenon, green infrastructure in urban areas may under some conditions ameliorate their impacts. In addition, the study revealed that the scope and impacts of UHI are not uniform: depending on peculiarities of urban morphologies, they pose different challenges linked to the microclimate peculiar to each city. The implications of this paper are threefold. Firstly, it reiterates the complex interrelations of UHIs, heat waves and climate change. Secondly, it outlines the fact that keeping and increasing urban green resources leads to additional various benefits that may directly or indirectly reduce the impacts of UHI. Finally, the paper reiterates the need for city planners to pay more attention to possible UHI effects when initiating new building projects or when adjusting current ones.

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