Radiation dose dependent change in physiochemical, mechanical and barrier properties of guar gum based films

Adult male Wistar rats were anesthetized with urethan (1.5 g/kg). They were unable to maintain body temperature (Tb) in a warm (32 degrees C) or cool (9 degrees C) environment or at a laboratory room temperature of 22 degrees C. Tb was allowed to fall to 35.8, 34.5, or 33.3 degrees C, and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1, 400 ng) was delivered into a lateral cerebral ventricle. An immediate feverlike rise in Tb resulted, accompanied by vigorous shivering. Animals were vasoconstricted throughout. When Tb was raised to and maintained at 38.3 or 39.5 degrees C, animals also responded with a fever; however, the magnitude of the fever diminished as the starting Tb increased. In a series of experiments in which Tb was maintained (36.8-37.4 degrees C) by means of a heating pad, PGE1 delivered into a lateral cerebral ventricle or into the anterior hypothalamus caused a dose-dependent change in Tb, which was similar in time of onset, magnitude, and duration to that observed in conscious animals. This fever was accompanied by shivering and increased O2 uptake, heart rate, arterial blood pressure, respiratory rate, and intracranial pressure during the rising phase of the fever, and vasodilation of the paws occurred during defeveresence. Animals were also able to develop a dose-dependent rise in Tb in response to purified human interleukin 1.

Download Full-text

Murine Hertwig's anemia: premature death after normal bone marrow transplantation is radiation dose-dependent

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v85.9.2627.bloodjournal8592627 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 85 (9) ◽

pp. 2627-2631 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

JE Barker

Keyword(s):

Radiation Dose ◽

Radiation Damage ◽

Marrow Transplantation ◽

Premature Death ◽

Mutant Mice ◽

F1 Hybrid ◽

Parental Type ◽

Hybrid Resistance ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Transplantation Therapy

Marrow transplantation therapy in mice with heritable blood disorders usually leads to rapid blood cell normalization, but is sometimes followed by pancytopenia and premature death. This is especially true in mice with Hertwig's anemia (an/an). Unlike the +/+ recipients, 100% of whom survive for over a year, 66% of the mutant mice die by 6 months posttransplantation, and the rest die soon thereafter. It is not clear whether premature death is due to the radiation dose (10 Gy) or to the fact that the F1 mutant mice receive parental-type cells known to induce hybrid resistance. In the present report, experiments were designed to determine whether the F1-an/an host is more sensitive to radiation and/or resistant to continued expansion of the parental-type +/+ cells. The mutant mice are, indeed, more sensitive to irradiation, with an LD100/30 of 7 Gy as compared with an LD100/30 of 10 Gy for the +/+ mice. The times of anemia onset and death for mutant mice implanted with +/+ cells postirradiation is also radiation dose-dependent. Further evidence that death is due to host radiation damage rather than F1 hybrid resistance was provided by transplanting cells from three morbid 10 Gy-irradiation recipients into unirradiated, anemic, stem cell-deficient, F1-W/Wv secondary hosts. All recipients were repopulated by the original parental cells, were cured of their anemia, and survived for 52 weeks posttransplantation. The an/an mouse's heightened susceptibility to radiation damage appears to be the major factor in early death after transplantation therapy.

Download Full-text

Wegener's Granulomatosis: Anti–proteinase 3 Antibodies Are Potent Inductors of Human Endothelial Cell Signaling and Leakage Response

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.187.4.497 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 187 (4) ◽

pp. 497-503 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Ulf Sibelius ◽

Katja Hattar ◽

Angelika Schenkel ◽

Thomas Noll ◽

Elena Csernok ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Wegener’S Granulomatosis ◽

Inositol Phosphates ◽

Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽

Platelet Activating Factor ◽

Barrier Properties ◽

Wegener's Granulomatosis ◽

Phosphoinositide Hydrolysis ◽

Proteinase 3 ◽

Dose Dependent

Anti–neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) targeting proteinase 3 (PR3) have a high specifity for Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), and their role in activating leukocytes is well appreciated. In this study, we investigated the influence of PR3-ANCA and murine monoclonal antibodies on human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). Priming of HUVECs with tumor necrosis factor α induced endothelial upregulation of PR3 message and surface expression of this antigen, as measured by Cyto-ELISA, with a maximum occurrence after 2 h. Primed cells responded to low concentrations of both antibodies (25 ng–2.5 μg/ml), but not to control immunoglobulins, with pronounced, dose-dependent phosphoinositide hydrolysis, as assessed by accumulation of inositol phosphates. The signaling response peaked after 20 min, in parallel with the appearance of marked prostacyclin and platelet-activating factor synthesis. The F(ab)2 fragment of ANCA was equally potent as ANCA itself. Disrupture of the endothelial F-actin content by botulinum C2 toxin to avoid antigen–antibody internalization did not affect the response. In addition to the metabolic events, anti-PR3 challenge, in the absence of plasma components, provoked delayed, dose-dependent increase in transendothelial protein leakage. We conclude that anti-PR3 antibodies are potent inductors of the preformed phosphoinositide hydrolysis–related signal tranduction pathway in human endothelial cells. Associated metabolic events and the loss of endothelial barrier properties suggest that anti-PR3–induced activation of endothelial cells may contribute to the pathogenetic sequelae of autoimmune vasculitis characterizing WG.

Download Full-text

The fibrosis of ketamine, a noncompetitiveN-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor antagonist dose-dependent change in a ketamine-induced cystitis rat model

Drug and Chemical Toxicology ◽

10.3109/01480545.2015.1079916 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 206-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Miho Song ◽

Hwan Yeul Yu ◽

Ji-Youn Chun ◽

Dong-Myung Shin ◽

Soo Hyun Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Receptor Antagonist ◽

Aspartic Acid ◽

Rat Model ◽

Acid Receptor ◽

Dependent Change ◽

Dose Dependent

Download Full-text

Radiation dose-dependent variations of micronuclei production in cytochalasin B-blocked human lymphocytes

Teratogenesis Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis ◽

10.1002/tcm.1770140102 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Tung-Kwang Lee ◽

Albert L. Wiley ◽

James D. Esinhart ◽

Lisa D. Blackburn

Keyword(s):

Radiation Dose ◽

Cytochalasin B ◽

Human Lymphocytes ◽

Dose Dependent

Download Full-text

The Morphologic Effects of Histamine on the Lateral Cochlear Wall

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/019459987908700523 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 87 (5) ◽

pp. 666-684 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Arndt J. Duvall ◽

Margaret J. Hukee ◽

Peter A. Santi

Keyword(s):

Stria Vascularis ◽

Spiral Ligament ◽

Glycogen Depletion ◽

Intercellular Spaces ◽

Pore System ◽

Vessel Permeability ◽

Dependent Change ◽

Mode Of Transport ◽

Marginal Cells ◽

Dose Dependent

The chinchilla lateral cochlear wall (stria vascularis, spiral ligament, and spiral prominence) was examined by morphologic and histochemical techniques following various doses of intravenous histamine. The three main findings were as follows: (1) the basic ultrastructure was not altered by histamine; (2) there is a time- and dose-dependent change in the rate of stria vascularis vessel permeability to a small protein tracer (horseradish peroxidase), but the mode of transport (large pore system) is unchanged; and (3) glycogen depletion in stria marginal cells occurs with its apparent mobilization into stria intercellular spaces.

Download Full-text