scholarly journals Glyceryl trinitrate metabolism in the quail embryo by the glutathione S-transferases leads to a perturbation in redox status and embryotoxicity

2013 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-164
Author(s):  
Ghalib K. Bardai ◽  
Barbara F. Hales ◽  
Geoffrey I. Sunahara
Keyword(s):  
Glyceryl Trinitrate ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Quail Embryo ◽  
Glutathione S Transferases

Effect of inhibitors of glutathione S-transferase on glyceryl trinitrate activity in isolated rat aorta

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Nigam ◽  
Tracy Whiting ◽  
Brian M. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Glyceryl Trinitrate ◽  
Cyclic Gmp ◽  
Guanylyl Cyclase ◽  
Rat Aorta ◽  
Supernatant Fraction ◽  
Organic Nitrates ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Glutathione S Transferases

We investigated the role of glutathione S-transferases (enzymes known to biotransform organic nitrates) in the vascular action of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN). Relaxation of phenylephrine-contracted rat aortic strips was assessed in the presence or absence of the glutathione S-transferase inhibitors Basilen Blue, bromosulfophthalein, Rose Bengal, hematin, chlorotriphenyltin, and (octyloxy)benzoylvinylglutathione. Whereas none of the inhibitors increased the EC50 for GTN relaxation, glutathione S-transferase activity in the 100 000 × g supernatant fraction of rat aorta was inhibited markedly by most of the inhibitors. In addition, GTN-stimulated activation of aortic guanylyl cyclase in broken-cell preparations was attenuated by all of the glutathione S-transferase inhibitors, suggesting a direct inhibitory action on guanylyl cyclase. In other experiments using aortic strips preexposed to phenylephrine, the inhibitors had no effect on GTN-induced cyclic GMP accumulation or on vascular biotransformation of GTN. In contrast, both Basilen Blue and bromosulfophthalein significantly inhibited GTN-induced relaxation of K+-contracted aortic strips, and Basilen Blue significantly inhibited GTN biotransformation in aortic strips preexposed to 25 mM K+. This may be due to a more favourable electrochemical gradient for entry of the inhibitors into membrane-depolarized tissues. We conclude that vascular glutathione S-transferases play a role in mediating the vasodilator actions of GTN in intact tissues in vitro, but that this appears to depend upon the nature of the contractile agent used in such studies.Key words: glyceryl trinitrate, glutathione S-transferase, cyclic GMP, vascular smooth muscle, biotransformation.

Partial purification of Glutathione-S-transferases in Plutella xylostella (L.) show imparting resistance against Flubendiamide

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
Dipali B Borkar ◽  
◽  
Vishal L Bagde ◽  
S. S. Munje S. S. Munje ◽  
M.P. Moharil M.P. Moharil
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Glutathione S Transferases

Intestinal digestibility of selected minerals, growth performance and meat quality in turkeys fed diets supplemented with different sources and levels of zinc

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Otowski ◽  
Aleksandra Drażbo ◽  
Katarzyna Ognik ◽  
Krzysztof Kozłowski
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Zn Addition ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Intestinal Digestibility

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine whether dietary supplementation with zinc oxide nanoparticales (NP-ZnO) as a substitute for the conventional ZnO affects the intestinal digestibility of selected minerals, growth performance and meat quality in turkeys. The replacement of ZnO with NP-ZnO had no effect on the intestinal digestibility of Zn, Cu, Fe and Ca, whereas the lowest dose of supplemental Zn reduced Zn digestibility. The applied inclusion levels and sources of Zn had no effect on the growth performance (except the feed intake) of turkeys, including liveability. No differences in the relative weights of the heart, spleen and bursa of Fabricius (except the liver), or the weights of the femur and tibia were found between the dietary treatments. Neither the dose nor the source of supplemental Zn influenced carcass dressing percentage or the share of breast, thigh and drumstick muscles in the carcass. In comparison with the highest and moderate doses of Zn, the lowest inclusion level of Zn contributed to increased yellowness of breast meat (P=0.005). The analyzed doses and sources of supplemental Zn exerted varied effects on the redox status of fresh and frozen breast meat. In conclusion, the growth performance of turkeys, carcass yield and composition as well as the redox status of fresh and frozen breast meat were generally similar, regardless of the dietary source and level of Zn. The beneficial effect of Zn addition at 100 mg/kg was improved Zn and Ca digestibility, and increased redness of breast meat.

Effect of carvedilol on the redox-status of plasma low-molecular-weight aminothyols in rats with acute cerebral ischemia

2018 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
К.А. Никифорова ◽  
В.В. Александрин ◽  
П.О. Булгакова ◽  
А.В. Иванов ◽  
Э.Д. Вирюс ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Global Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Adrenergic Antagonist ◽  
Acute Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Common Carotid Arteries ◽  
Reduced Forms

Цель. Установить влияние неспецифического адреноблокатора карведилола на редокс-статус низкомолекулярных аминотиолов (цистеин, гомоцистеин, глутатион) в плазме крови при моделировании глобальной ишемии головного мозга у крыс. Методика. Нами была использована модель глобальной ишемии (пережатие общих сонных артерий с геморрагией длительностью 15 мин). Препарат вводили за 1 ч до операции. Уровни аминотиолов измеряли через 40 мин после начала реперфузии. Анализ уровня аминотиолов проводили методом жидкостной хроматографии. Результаты. Установлено, что у крыс, не подвергавшихся ишемии, карведилол в дозе 10 мг/кг вызывает рост редокс-статуса цистеина и глутатиона (в 3 и 3,5 раза соответственно по сравнению с контролем, p = 0,04 и p = 0,008) за счет увеличения их восстановленных форм. При ишемии данного эффекта не наблюдалось. Редокс-статус у крыс с ишемией на фоне карведилола (Цис = 0,85 ± 0,14%, Глн = 1,8 ± 0,7%, Гцис = 1,1 ± 0,8%) оставался таким же низким, как и у крыс с ишемией без введения карведилола (р > 0,8). Заключение. Полученный результат демонстрирует, что в условиях ишемии головного мозга карведилол не оказывает эффекта на гомеостаз аминотиолов плазмы крови, несмотря на выраженный антиоксидантный эффект в нормальных условиях. Aim. Effect of a nonspecific adrenergic antagonist carvedilol on the redox status of plasma low-molecular-weight aminothiols (cysteine, homocysteine, glutathione) was studied in rats with global cerebral ischemia (occlusion of common carotid arteries with hemorrhage). Methods. A model of global ischemia (occlusion of common carotid arteries with 15-min hemorrhage) was used. The drugs were administered one hour before the operation. Aminothiol levels were measured by HPLC with UV detection at 40 minutes after the onset of reperfusion. Results. Carvedilol 10 mg/kg increased the redox status of cysteine and glutathione in rats not exposed to ischemia (3 and 3.5 times, respectively, compared with the control, p = 0.04 and p = 0.008, respectively) but not of homocysteine, by increasing their reduced forms. However, this effect was not observed in ischemia. In rats with ischemia treated with carvedilol, the redox status (Cys = 0.85 ± 0.14%, GSH = 1.8 ± 0.7%, Hcys = 1.1 ± 0.8%) remained low similar to that in rats with ischemia not treated with carvedilol (p >0.8, 0.8, and 0.9, respectively). Conclusion. Carvedilol did not affect the homeostasis of blood plasma thiols in cerebral ischemia despite the pronounced antioxidant effect under the normal conditions.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with acute ischemiс stroke is associated with a decrease in plasma glutathione levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Maksimova ◽  
A. V. Ivanov ◽  
K. A. Nikiforova ◽  
F. R. Ochtova ◽  
E. T. Suanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Glutathione Level ◽  
Total Glutathione ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Group ◽  
Reduced Forms

Ischemic stroke (IS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus are factors that affect the homeostasis of low-molecularweight aminothiols (cysteine, homocysteine, glutathione etc.). It has already been shown that IS in the acute period led to a decrease a level of reduced forms of aminothiols, but it is not clear whether type 2 diabetes mellitus has a noticeable effect there. Objective: to reveal the features of homeostasis of aminothiols in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in acute IS. Material and methods. The study involved 76 patients with primary middle cerebral artery IS in the first 10–24 hours after development of neurological symptoms. Group 1 included 15 patients with IS and type 2 diabetes mellitus, group 2 — 61 patients with IS and stress hyperglycemia. Their total plasma levels of cysteine, homocysteine, and glutathione, their reduced forms, and redox status were determined at admission (in the first 24 hours after IS). Results. There was a decrease in the level of total glutathione level (1.27 vs. 1.65 μM, p = 0.021), as well as its reduced form (0.03 vs. 0.04 μM, p = 0.007) in patients with IS and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had a low redox status of homocysteine (0.65–1.2%) and glutathione (0.7–2.0%) were also characterized by a decrease in total glutathione level (p = 0.02; p = 0.03). Conclusion. Thus, type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with a decrease in the level of total glutathione in acute IS. Probably, type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by a particular relationship between the metabolism of homocysteine, glutathione and glucose. Therefore, the search for homocysteine-dependent approaches to correct glutathione metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus may be of interest as an adjuvant therapy for IS.

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