Type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with acute ischemiс stroke is associated with a decrease in plasma glutathione levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Maksimova ◽  
A. V. Ivanov ◽  
K. A. Nikiforova ◽  
F. R. Ochtova ◽  
E. T. Suanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Glutathione Level ◽  
Total Glutathione ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Group ◽  
Reduced Forms

Ischemic stroke (IS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus are factors that affect the homeostasis of low-molecularweight aminothiols (cysteine, homocysteine, glutathione etc.). It has already been shown that IS in the acute period led to a decrease a level of reduced forms of aminothiols, but it is not clear whether type 2 diabetes mellitus has a noticeable effect there. Objective: to reveal the features of homeostasis of aminothiols in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in acute IS. Material and methods. The study involved 76 patients with primary middle cerebral artery IS in the first 10–24 hours after development of neurological symptoms. Group 1 included 15 patients with IS and type 2 diabetes mellitus, group 2 — 61 patients with IS and stress hyperglycemia. Their total plasma levels of cysteine, homocysteine, and glutathione, their reduced forms, and redox status were determined at admission (in the first 24 hours after IS). Results. There was a decrease in the level of total glutathione level (1.27 vs. 1.65 μM, p = 0.021), as well as its reduced form (0.03 vs. 0.04 μM, p = 0.007) in patients with IS and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had a low redox status of homocysteine (0.65–1.2%) and glutathione (0.7–2.0%) were also characterized by a decrease in total glutathione level (p = 0.02; p = 0.03). Conclusion. Thus, type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with a decrease in the level of total glutathione in acute IS. Probably, type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by a particular relationship between the metabolism of homocysteine, glutathione and glucose. Therefore, the search for homocysteine-dependent approaches to correct glutathione metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus may be of interest as an adjuvant therapy for IS.

scholarly journals Plasma low molecular weight aminothiols in ischemic stroke patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MYu Maksimova ◽  
AV Ivanov ◽  
KA Nikiforova ◽  
ED Virus ◽  
ET Suanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Stress Hyperglycemia ◽  
Reduced Forms

It was found that ischemic stroke (IS) results in decreased levels of a number of reduced forms of low molecular weight aminothiols (LMWTs). The study was aimed to assess the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus (Т2D) on the total content, reduced forms and redox status of LMWTs in patients with IS. A total of 175 patients with IS in the internal carotid artery basin (the average age was 62 (55–69)) years) were assessed, who were admitted to the Center within the first 10–24 h since the onset of neurological disorder. The index group included 68 patients with IS and T2D (males made up 41.2%). The comparison group consisted of 107 patients with IS and stress hyperglycemia (males made up 57%), and the control group included 31 non-diabetic patients with chronic cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) (males made up 54.8%). The admission plasma levels of LMWTs were assessed by liquid chromatography in all patients. It was found, that IS in patients with T2D was associated with the rapid decrease in total cysteine (tCys), total glutathione (tGSH), total homocysteine (tHcy), reduced glutathione (rGSH), and glutathione redox status (GSH RS), along with the increase in cysteine redox status (Cys RS) and homocysteine redox status (Hcy RS). In contrast to patients with stress hyperglycemia developing during the acute period of IS, patients with T2D had lower tCys, tGSH, and tHcy levels. Thus, GSH RS of 4.06% or lower in the first 24 hours after the IS in patients with T2D was a predictor of poor functional outcome (mRS score was 3 or more 3 weeks after IS).

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effect and Mechanism of the Purified Anthraquinone-Glycoside Preparation from Rheum Palmatum L. on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang-Rong Cheng ◽  
Hong-Xin Cui ◽  
Ji-Li Fang ◽  
Ke Yuan ◽  
Ying Guo
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Group ◽  
Rheum Palmatum

Rheum palmatum L. is a traditional Chinese medicine with various pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and detoxification effects. In this study, the mechanism of the hypoglycemic effect of purified anthraquinone-Glycoside from Rheum palmatum L. (PAGR) in streptozotocin (STZ) and high-fat diet induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in rats was investigated. The rats were randomly divided into normal (NC), T2DM, metformin (Met), low, middle (Mid), and high (Hig) does of PAGR groups. After six weeks of continuous administration of PAGR, the serum indices and tissue protein expression were determined, and the pathological changes in liver, kidney, and pancreas tissues were observed. The results showed that compared with the type 2 diabetes mellitus group, the fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) levels in the serum of rats in the PAGR treatment groups were significantly decreased, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels were noticeably increased. The expression of Fas ligand (FasL), cytochrome C (Cyt-c), and caspase-3 in pancreatic tissue was obviously decreased, and the pathological damage to the liver, kidney, and pancreas was improved. These indicate that PAGR can reduce oxidative stress in rats with diabetes mellitus by improving blood lipid metabolism and enhancing their antioxidant capacity, thereby regulating the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway to inhibitβ-cell apoptosis and improve β-cell function. Furthermore, it can regulate Fas/FasL-mediated apoptosis signaling pathway to inhibit β-cell apoptosis, thereby lowering blood glucose levels and improving T2DM.

scholarly journals Kesintasan Penyakit Ginjal Kronik yang Menjalani Hemodialisis di Rumah Sakit Abdul Moeloek Lampung Tahun 2017-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nova Muhani ◽  
Nurhalina Sari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Group ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Abstract Non-communicable diseases (NCD) have become health problems in various parts of the world. One of NCD which is a health problem is chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD is a global public health problem with an increasing prevalence and incidence of kidney failure, poor prognosis and high cost of care. CKD is a cause of death globally, the biggest cause of CKD is coomorbidity with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The highest mortality occurred in less than the first 12 months of hemodialysis, which was 78,1%. The purpose of this study was to determine the age, sex, duration of survival of CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis based on comorbidity of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Retrospective cohort study designis used a, with a sample of 201 respondents. The study used data from the daily reports of the hemodialysis unit, namely patients who under went hemodialysis and then observed for 12 months. The outcome variable for mortality and its risks factors (diabetes, age, and gender). The analysis used survival analysis with cox regression. The results of the study were 37.8% of deaths occured, CKD patients with with diabetes mellitus comorbidity 24.9%. Respondents on hemodialysis are based on gender were male (45,3%) and female (54,7%) ages less than 45 years (27.4%).The Statistical test results obtained from non-diabetes mellitus group had a 3.1 times higher survival rate than the diabetes mellitus group (p value = 0.01). Abstrak Penyakit tidak menular (PTM) menjadi masalah kesehatan di berbagai belahan dunia. Salah satu PTM yang menjadi masalah kesehatan adalah penyakit ginjal kronik (PGK). PGK merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat global dengan prevalensi dan insidens gagal ginjal yang terus meningkat, prognosis yang buruk dan memerlukan biaya perawatan yang tinggi. PGK merupakan penyebab kematian secara global. Penyebab PGK terbesar adalah komorbiditas dengan diabetes melitus tipe 2. Kematian tertinggi terjadi pada kurang dari 12 bulan pertama menjalani hemodialisis yaitu sebesar 78,1%. Tujuan untuk mengetahui umur, jenis kelamin, lama ketahanan hidup pasien PGK yang menjalani hemodialisis berdasarkan komorbiditas diabetes melitus tipe 2. Desain penelitian kohort retrospektif dengan sampel sebesar 201 responden. Penelitian menggunakan data dari laporan harian unit hemodialisis yaitu pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis kemudian dilakukan observasi selama 12 bulan. Variabel outcome kematian dan faktor risikonya (diabetes, umur, dan jenis kelamin). Analisis yang digunakan analisis survival dengan cox regression. Hasil penelitian terjadi kematian sebesar 37,8%, pasien PGK dengan komorbiditas diabetes melitus 24,9%. Responden hemodialisis berdasarkan jenis kelamin Laki-laki (45,3%) dan perempuan (54,7%) umur kurang dari 45 tahun 27,4%. Hasil uji statistik diperoleh kelompok tidak diabetes melitus memiliki kesintasan 3,1 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok diabetes melitus (p Value = 0,01).  

scholarly journals Association of Lower Extremity Vascular Disease, Coronary Artery, and Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zheng Yang ◽  
Bing Han ◽  
Hongguang Zhang ◽  
Guohui Ji ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Carotid Stenosis ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Group

The motive of this article is to present the case study of patients to investigate the association between the ultrasonographic findings of lower extremity vascular disease (LEAD) and plaque formation. Secondly, to examine the association between the formation of coronary artery and carotid artery atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 124 patients with type 2 diabetes (64 males and 60 females with the age group 25-78 years) are considered for the research studies who have registered themselves in the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism from April 2017 to February 2019. All participants have reported their clinical information regarding diabetes, alcohol consumption, smoking status, and medication. The blood samples from subjects are collected for measurement of HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-c, and LDL-c levels. Two-dimensional ultrasound has been used to measure the inner diameter, peak flow velocity, blood flow, and spectral width of the femoral artery, pop artery, anterior iliac artery, posterior tibial artery, and dorsal artery and to calculate the artery stenosis degree. Independent factors of atherosclerosis are determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The results are evaluated within the control group and it is found that there is no significant impact of gender, age, and body mass index ( P > 0.05 ) on the lower extremity vascular diseases. Those with smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, and dyslipidemia have higher positive rate ( P < 0.05 ). The type 2 diabetes mellitus group has higher diastolic blood pressure and lower triglyceride ( P < 0.05 ). Diastolic blood pressure, HbA1C, total cholesterol, HDL-c, and LDL-C are not remarkably dissimilar between the type 2 diabetes mellitus group and the control group ( P > 0.05 ). Compared with the control group, the type 2 diabetes mellitus group has higher frequency of lower extremity vascular diseases in the dorsal artery than in the pop artery ( P < 0.05 ). The blood flow of type 2 diabetes mellitus group is found to be lower than that of the control group, especially in the dorsal artery ( P < 0.05 ). The blood flow velocity of the dorsal artery is accelerated ( P < 0.01 ). Among 117 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (94.35%) with a certain degree of injury, there are 72 cases of type I carotid stenosis (58.06%), 30 cases of type II carotid stenosis (24.19%), and 15 cases of type III carotid stenosis (12.10%). Out of 108 subjects in the control group, there are 84 cases of type 0 carotid stenosis (77.78%), 19 cases of type I carotid stenosis (17.59%), 5 cases of type II carotid stenosis (4.63%), and 0 case of type III carotid stenosis (0.00%). Compared with the control group, carotid stenosis is more common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( P < 0.05 ). Age, smoking, duration of diseases, systolic blood pressure, and degree of carotid stenosis are found to be associated with atherosclerosis. The findings suggest that the color Doppler ultrasonography can give early warning when applied in patients with carotid and lower extremity vascular diseases to delay the incidence of diabetic macroangiopathy and to control the development of cerebral infarction, thus providing an important basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF VITAMIN D IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Arfandhy Sanda ◽  
Uleng Bahrun ◽  
Ruland DN. Pakasi ◽  
Andi Makbul Aman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Group ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease which is still a public health problem till now. World Health Organization (WHO) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) predict an increase in the number of diabetics which become one of the global threats. Some evidences showed that vitamin D deficiency might influenced in pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus that caused by insulin resistence and dysfunction of pancreatic beta cell. The objectives of this study is To analyze Vitamin D levels in Type 2 Diabetes Patients that consist of prediabetic group, controlled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Group, and uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The method used is a cross sectional study. During the study period, a total of 93 samples were obtained which met the study criteria. The sample consist of 33 prediabetic subjects, 30 controlled Type 2 DM subejcts, and 30 uncontrolled Type 2 DM. The study sample consist of 49(52,7%) men and 44(47,3%) women with minimum age 20 years and maximum 79 years (mean 56,59+12,15 years). The minimum HbA1c level was 4,8% and the maximum level was 12,9% (mean 6,95+1,81%). The minimum Vitamin D level was 9,07 ng/ml dan  the maximum level was 66,49 ng/ml (mean 26,85+9,30 ng/ml). Kruskal Wallis test showed p value=0,132, Spearman correlation test showed p value>0,05. The clonclusion from this study, there is no significant correlation between vitamin D level and type 2 Diabetes Melllitus consist of Prediabetic group, controlled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and uncontrolled type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

scholarly journals Leptin levels in obese women with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 321-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Akif Buyukbese ◽  
Ali Cetinkaya ◽  
Ramazan Kocabas ◽  
Aytekin Guven ◽  
Mehmet Tarakcioglu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Group ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

INTRODUCTION: The role of leptin has been more clear in the endocrinology area after the discovery of its secretion from the adipose tissue. The aim of the study is to investigate the leptin levels in obese women in whom type 2 diabetes mellitus were present or absent.Materials and methods: Thirty-five obese women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (group 1) and 34 obese women without type 2 diabetes mellitus (group 2) were enrolled in the study. In both groups the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio were measured. Leptin, HbA1c, creatinine and the lipid profile were assessed.Results: Leptin was found to be statistically significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2 (40.22±17.77 ng/ml versus 50.12±15.51 ng/ml, respectively;p=0.019). It was well correlated with BMI in group 1 (r=0.60,p=0.0001). In group 1 also, correlation of leptin was moderate with creatinine and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (r=0.36,p=0.037versusr=0.37,p=0.027, respectively), whereas triglyceride had a negative correlation (r=-0.34,p=0.046). In group 2, the only significant correlation with leptin was BMI (r=0.41,p=0.02). Leptin was also significantly lower in 17 subjects with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus than in 18 well-controlled diabetics (33.54±15.82 ng/ml versus 44.61±17.54 ng/ml, respectively;p=0.038).Conclusion: Since leptin is lower in obese women with diabetes than without diabetes and additionally it is even lower in the poorly controlled diabetes subgroup, we think that further studies are required to make clear the issue for lower leptin levels, whether it is a reason or an outcome.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Catechins Isolate From GMB4 Clone Green Tea Against EPC In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Yuly Peristiowati
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Group

Introduction : This study aimed to evaluate the role of catechins isolates from GMB4 clone green to in the dynamics of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: 25 Wistar rats, were divided into 5 groups, including control group, type 2 diabetes mellitus group, treated daily administration of extracts of catechins isolate from GMB4 clones green tea at 20; 40; and 60 mg /kgBB doses for 6 weeks. EPCs analysis was performed by flow cytometry,levels of NO was performed using a spectrophotometer, serum levels of SDF-1a was performed with ELISA technique. Analysis of the expression of SDF-1 and CXCR-4 was performed using immunohistochemistry techniques. Results : The CD34+ and CD133+ count is lower in the DM group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Of the three doses of catechins, only the highest dose were able to significantly increase CD34+ count compared to rats in the diabetes mellitus group (P < 0.05), Serum NO level is significantly higher in the DM the control group (P < 0.05). All three doses of catechins were able to significantly increase the expression of SDF-1a and CXCR4 in the aorta compared to the DM group or the control group (P < 0.05). Discussion :  It can be concluded that high dose cathecin isolate from GMB-4 clone green tea (60 mg/kgBB) may trigger the proliferation and maturation of EPCs in rats with type 2 DM in environment with high level of NO, involving the interacton between SDF-1a and CXCR4 in the aorta. 

scholarly journals Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Altered Immune System Leading to Susceptibility to Pathogens, Especially Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Ferlita ◽  
Aram Yegiazaryan ◽  
Navid Noori ◽  
Gagandeep Lal ◽  
Timothy Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Polyol Pathway ◽  
Reduced Form

There has been an alarming increase in the incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) worldwide. Uncontrolled T2DM can lead to alterations in the immune system, increasing the risk of susceptibility to infections such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb). Altered immune responses could be attributed to factors such as the elevated glucose concentration, leading to the production of Advanced Glycation End products (AGE) and the constant inflammation, associated with T2DM. This production of AGE leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the use of the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) via the Polyol pathway, and overall diminished levels of glutathione (GSH) and GSH-producing enzymes in T2DM patients, which alters the cytokine profile and changes the immune responses within these patients. Thus, an understanding of the intricate pathways responsible for the pathogenesis and complications in T2DM, and the development of strategies to enhance the immune system, are both urgently needed to prevent co-infections and co-morbidities in individuals with T2DM.

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