scholarly journals Adverse childhood experiences: Prevalence and related factors in adolescents of a Brazilian birth cohort

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Luiza Gonçalves Soares ◽  
Laura D. Howe ◽  
Alicia Matijasevich ◽  
Fernando C. Wehrmeister ◽  
Ana M.B. Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood

scholarly journals Adverse childhood experiences and consumption of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs among adolescents of a Brazilian birth cohort

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Gonçalves ◽  
Ana Luiza Gonçalves Soares ◽  
Ana Paula Gomes dos Santos ◽  
Camila Garcez Ribeiro ◽  
Isabel Oliveira Bierhals ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Family ◽  
Brazilian Cohort

Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs among adolescents from a Brazilian cohort. The occurrence of five ACEs, the use of alcohol and tobacco and trying illicit drugs were investigated in the 1993 Pelotas birth cohort at the age of 15 (n = 4,230). A score was created for the ACEs and their association with the use of substances was evaluated. Around 25% of adolescents consumed alcohol, 6% smoked and 2.1% reported having used drugs at least once in their lives. The ACEs were associated with the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs. A dose-response relation between the number of ACEs and the substance use was found, particularly with regard to illicit drugs. The occurrence of ACEs was positively associated with the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs among adolescents and the risk may be different for men and women. These results point to the fact that strategies for preventing the use of substances should include interventions both among adolescents and within the family environment.

scholarly journals Association of Borderline Intellectual Functioning and Adverse Childhood Experience with adult psychiatric morbidity. Findings from a British birth cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Hassiotis ◽  
Emma Brown ◽  
James Harris ◽  
David Helm ◽  
Kerim Munir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Intellectual Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Borderline Intellectual Functioning ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Abstract Background To examine whether Borderline Intellectual Functioning (BIF) and Adverse Childhood Experiences independently predict adult psychiatric morbidity. Methods We performed a secondary analysis of longitudinal data derived from the 1970 British Birth Cohort Study to examine whether BIF and Adverse Childhood Experiences independently predict adult mental distress as measured by the Malaise Inventory. Factor analysis was used to derive a proxy measure of IQ from cognitive testing at age 10 or 5. Variables that could be indicators of exposure to Adverse Childhood Experiences were identified and grouped into health related and socio-economic related adversity. Results Children with BIF were significantly more likely than their peers to have been exposed to Adverse Childhood Experiences (BIF mean 5.90, non-BIF mean 3.19; Mann-Whitney z = 31.74, p < 0.001). As adults, participants with BIF were significantly more likely to score above the cut-off on the Malaise Inventory. We found statistically significant relationships between the number of socio-economic Adverse Childhood Experiences and poorer adult psychiatric morbidity (r range 0.104–0.141, all p < 001). At all ages the indirect mediating effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences were significantly related to adult psychiatric morbidity. Conclusions The relationship between BIF and adult psychiatric morbidity appears to be partially mediated by exposure to Adverse Childhood Experiences. Where possible, targeting Adverse Childhood Experiences through early detection, prevention and interventions may improve psychiatric morbidity in this population group.

scholarly journals Adverse Childhood Experiences among American Indian/Alaska Native Children: The 2011-2012 National Survey of Children’s Health

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Kay Kenney ◽  
Gopal K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
American Indian ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Alaska Native ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Children’S Health ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood

We examined parent-reported adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and associated outcomes among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) children aged 0–17 years from the 2011-2012 National Survey of Children’s Health. Bivariate and multivariable analyses of cross-sectional data on 1,453 AI/AN children and 61,381 non-Hispanic White (NHW) children assessed race-based differences in ACEs prevalence and differences in provider-diagnosed chronic emotional and developmental conditions, health characteristics, reported child behaviors, and health services received as a function of having multiple ACEs. AI/AN children were more likely to have experienced 2+ ACEs (40.3% versus 21%), 3+ ACEs (26.8% versus 11.5%), 4+ ACEs (16.8% versus 6.2%), and 5+ ACEs (9.9% versus 3.3%) compared to NHW children. Prevalence rates for depression, anxiety, and ADHD were higher among AI/AN children with 3+ ACEs (14.4%, 7.7%, and 12.5%) compared to AI/ANs with fewer than 2 ACEs (0.4%, 1.8%, and 5.5%). School problems, grade failures, and need for medication and counseling were 2-3 times higher among AI/ANs with 3+ ACEs versus the same comparison group. Adjusted odds ratio for emotional, developmental, and behavioral difficulties among AI/AN children with 2+ ACEs was 10.3 (95% CI = 3.6–29.3). Race-based differences were largely accounted for by social and economic-related factors.

scholarly journals Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Timely Bachelor’s Degree Attainment

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Carolina Otero
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Degree Attainment ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Bachelor's Degree Attainment

It is well established that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to health and emotional outcomes. However, less is known about the relationship between ACEs and educational attainment—a potentially important feature of educational stratification in America. Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), a nationally representative study following 7–12th grade students in the 1994–95 school year, I investigate the link between ACEs and these students’ timely post-secondary attainment. I also explore the role of health and socio-emotional factors as mediators. Results confirm that there is a graded relationship between ACEs and timely bachelor’s degree attainment—an additional ACE decreases the odds of timely bachelor’s degree attainment by about 17%, even after accounting for other related factors. In addition, the findings suggest that general health partially mediates this link.

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