scholarly journals Adverse childhood experiences and consumption of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs among adolescents of a Brazilian birth cohort

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Gonçalves ◽  
Ana Luiza Gonçalves Soares ◽  
Ana Paula Gomes dos Santos ◽  
Camila Garcez Ribeiro ◽  
Isabel Oliveira Bierhals ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Family ◽  
Brazilian Cohort

Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs among adolescents from a Brazilian cohort. The occurrence of five ACEs, the use of alcohol and tobacco and trying illicit drugs were investigated in the 1993 Pelotas birth cohort at the age of 15 (n = 4,230). A score was created for the ACEs and their association with the use of substances was evaluated. Around 25% of adolescents consumed alcohol, 6% smoked and 2.1% reported having used drugs at least once in their lives. The ACEs were associated with the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs. A dose-response relation between the number of ACEs and the substance use was found, particularly with regard to illicit drugs. The occurrence of ACEs was positively associated with the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs among adolescents and the risk may be different for men and women. These results point to the fact that strategies for preventing the use of substances should include interventions both among adolescents and within the family environment.

scholarly journals Association of adverse childhood experiences with lifetime mental and substance use disorders among men and women aged 50+ years

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namkee G. Choi ◽  
Diana M. DiNitto ◽  
C. Nathan Marti ◽  
Bryan Y. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Adverse Childhood

ABSTRACTBackground:Given growing numbers of older adults with mental and substance use disorders (MSUDs), this study examined the association between ten types of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and lifetime MSUDs among those aged 50+.Methods:Data (N = 14,738 for the 50+ age group) came from the 2012 to 2013 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Using multivariable binary logistic regression analyses, we examined relationships between ten ACEs and six lifetime MSUDs (major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety, post-traumatic stress, alcohol use, drug use, and nicotine use disorders). Gender differences were examined using tests of interaction effects and gender-separate logistic regression models.Results:Of the sample, 53.2% of women and 50.0% of men reported at least one ACE. For both genders, parental/other adult's substance abuse was the most prevalent (22.6%), followed by physical abuse, and emotional neglect. Child abuse and neglect and parental/other adult's mental illness and substance abuse had small but consistently significant associations with MSUDs (e.g., odds ratio = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.12–1.46 for parental/other adult's substance misuse and MDD). Although the relationship between total number of ACEs and MSUDs was cumulative for both men and women, the associations of physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, and parental separation/divorce with MSUDs were stronger among men.Conclusions:This study underscores the significant yet modest association between ACEs and lifetime MSUDs in late life. More research is needed to investigate why ACEs seem to have greater effects on older men and to discern the sources of gender differences in ACEs’ effects.

scholarly journals Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and substance use in youth offenders in Singapore

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 105072
Author(s):  
Adam Oei ◽  
Chi Meng Chu ◽  
Dongdong Li ◽  
Nyx Ng ◽  
Carl Yeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Youth Offenders ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Adverse Childhood Experiences and the Substance Use Behaviors of Latinx Youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 108936
Author(s):  
Carolina Villamil Grest ◽  
Julie A. Cederbaum ◽  
Jungeun Olivia Lee ◽  
Jennifer B. Unger
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Latinx Youth

Peer and Community Influences on Adolescent Substance Use in the Context of Adverse Childhood Experiences

2021 ◽  
pp. 073112142110187
Author(s):  
Haley Stritzel
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Peer Influences ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Community Influences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Peer Substance Use

Both adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and peer influences consistently predict early tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drug use. However, less research considers how peer and community influences contribute to or modify the association between ACEs and early substance use. This study addresses these gaps in the literature by analyzing multilevel, longitudinal data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN; N = 1,912). Unstructured socializing and peer substance use largely explained the association between ACEs and drinking, smoking cigarettes, and illicit drug use in the past month. A history of ACEs magnified the association between peer substance use and the number of cigarettes smoked. Collective efficacy also shaped the associations between peer influences, ACEs, and substance use, but in different ways depending on the substance use outcome analyzed.

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Gang Involvement Among Juvenile Offenders: Assessing the Mediation Effects of Substance Use and Temperament Deficits

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin T. Wolff ◽  
Michael T. Baglivio ◽  
Hannah J. Klein ◽  
Alex R. Piquero ◽  
Matt DeLisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Gang Involvement ◽  
Adverse Childhood

A growing body of research has demonstrated the deleterious effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Less understood is the role of ACEs in gang involvement among juvenile offenders. The current longitudinal study employs a sample of 104,267 juvenile offenders (mean age of 16, 76% male, 46% Black non-Hispanic, 15.7% Hispanic) to examine the effect of ACE exposure on two different measures of gang involvement by age 18. We use structural equation modeling to test whether higher ACE exposure at Time 1 predicts gang involvement and whether current substance use and/or difficult temperament mediates the ACE-gang involvement relationship. Results indicate ACE exposure at Time 1 predicts gang involvement by age 18, but that much of the effect of ACEs on later gang involvement can be explained by their impact on current substance abuse and difficult temperament. Implications for juvenile justice systems are discussed.

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