Association between intimate partner violence and child nutrition in India: Findings from recent National Family Health Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 105493
Author(s):  
Dinabandhu Mondal ◽  
Pintu Paul
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
National Family Health Survey ◽  
National Family

scholarly journals Predictors of spousal coercive control and its association with intimate partner violence evidence from National Family Health Survey-4 (2015-2016) India

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Kanougiya ◽  
Muthusamy Sivakami ◽  
Saurabh Rai
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
National Family Health Survey ◽  
Coercive Control ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Family ◽  
Adjusted Model

Abstract Background The feminist theory posits that spousal coercive control is not random but a purposeful and systematic men’s strategy to control and dominate their female partners. The frequency of coercive control is more than emotional, physical, and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV). Coercive control is usually mistaken with psychological abuse when it is not and has recently gained independent attention within the spectrum of IPV. The role of socioeconomic factors in determining coercive control and associations between coercive control and form of IPV is less researched. Objective We aimed to examine sociodemographic and socioeconomic predictors of spousal coercive control and its association with IPV (past 12-months). Methods We analysed data of 66,013 ever-married women aged 15-49 from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-4 (2015-2016). Estimates involved bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models, and marginal effects prediction. Results The prevalence of spousal coercive control is more commonly reported by 48% of women than the prevalence of IPV 25% (emotional 11%, physical 22%, and sexual 5%) in the past 12 months. Adjusted odds ratio indicate that women having three and more children (aOR 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0-1.2), women work status (1.1; 1.1-1.2), husband’s secondary (1.1; 1.1-1.2) or higher education (1.1; 1.1-1.2), and husband alcohol consumption (1.7; 1.6-1.7) increase the odds of coercive control. In the fully adjusted model coercive control independently increased the likelihood of experiencing emotional (aOR 2.8.; 95% CI: 2.6, 3.1), physical (2.2; 2.1, 2.3), and sexual (2.5; 2.3, 2.8) IPV in the past 12 months; and with an increase in each additional indicator of coercive control acts, the likelihood of physical, sexual, and emotional IPV further increases. When women reported six indicators of coercive control, the predicted proportion of women experiencing emotional 53%, physical 45%, and sexual IPV was 25% in the fully adjusted model. Conclusion Coercive control limits women’s social support and contacts contributing to low self-esteem, self-efficacy, and poor mental health. The purpose of this study is to highlight that understudied coercive control is more common than other forms of IPV and is a potential risk factor for physical, sexual, and emotional IPV independently. The inclusion of coercive control in interventions is crucial to prevent form of IPV. Survivals long-term safety and independence can be secured if the current protection law against domestic violence is extended to encompass coercive control.

scholarly journals Prevalence and regional disparity of women's autonomy and intimate partner violence in India: evidence from National Family Health Survey-IV 2015-2016, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 4063
Author(s):  
Koustav Ghosh ◽  
Mithun Mog
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
National Family

Background: The study was done with the aim to assess the prevalence and regional differences of women autonomy (WA) and Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) in India.Methods: The study utilizes data from the fourth round of National Family and Health Survey, 2015-16, encompassing a sample of 62,716 currently married in the age group of 15-49 years. Bivariate analysis has been performed to draw inferences from the data.Results: Study portrays that 69% of the currently married women live with any autonomy, whereas, 27%, 12% and 7% of them suffer from physical, emotional and sexual violence respectively. The higher level of autonomy has found in North-eastern and Western, whereas, the IPV was found in Eastern and Central parts of India. The major finding from the study was that women from northeast region have better women empowerment and less violence except Manipur against rest region.Conclusion: Women of rural area is still more sufferer of any form of violence and less empowerment existing many major states of India. For better improvement of women empowerment and minimize IPV against women, government need to give more attention to gain progress in every development fields and enhance rural education for rural women particularly.

Is consanguineous marriage related to spousal violence in India? Evidence from the National Family Health Survey, 2015–16

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Margubur Rahaman ◽  
Shalini Sen ◽  
Md Juel Rana ◽  
Saswata Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Consanguineous Marriage ◽  
Spousal Violence ◽  
National Family Health Survey ◽  
The World ◽  
National Family

Abstract Violence against women is a global phenomenon, and intimate partner violence is the most common form of violence faced by women in the world. Around 30% of women in the world, on average, and 33% in India experience intimate partner violence during their lifetime. The main aim of this study was to investigate whether consanguinity protects women from spousal violence. National Family Health Survey 2015–16 (NFHS-4) data were used. The study sample comprised 60,824 currently married women aged 15–49 years. The results of the logistic regression model showed that the likelihood of all types of spousal violence against women was higher among consanguineous unions compared with non-consanguineous unions in India. The association between consanguineous marriage and spousal violence was found to be positive and significant in the southern and eastern regions of India and among Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. The association was not significant among Muslims. Differences in socio-cultural norms and practices across the regions of India, and among different socio-cultural groups, can perhaps explain these variations. Women belonging in higher age groups, from Other Backward Castes, those who were working and those with a low level of educational attainment and socioeconomic standing had a higher risk of experiencing intimate partner violence. Couples in a consanguineous marriage should be given adequate counselling to reduce intimate partner violence in India, and similarly culturally diverse countries. This would also help reach Target 5.2 of the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030.

scholarly journals Trends and correlates of intimate partner violence experienced by ever-married women of India: results from National Family Health Survey round III and IV

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Garg ◽  
Milan Das ◽  
Lajya Devi Goyal ◽  
Madhur Verma
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
National Family ◽  
Different Types

Abstract Background The study aims to estimate the prevalence of Intimate partner violence (IPV) in India, and changes observed over a decade as per the nationally representative datasets from National Family Health Surveys (NFHS) Round 3 and 4. We also highlight various socio-demographic characteristics associated with different types of IPV in India. The NFHS round 3 and 4 interviewed 124,385, and 699,686 women respondents aged 15–49 years using a multi-stage sampling method across 29 states and 2 union territories in India. For IPV, we only included ever-married women (64,607, and 62,716) from the two rounds. Primary outcomes of the study was prevalence of the  ever-experience of different types of IPV: physical, emotional, and sexual violence by ever-married women aged 15 to 49 years. The secondary outcome included predictors of different forms of IPV, and changes in the prevalence of different types of IPV compared to the previous round of the NFHS survey. Results As per NFHS-4, weighted prevalence of physical, sexual, emotional, or any kind of IPV ever-experienced by women were 29.2%, 6.7%, 13.2%, and 32.8%. These subtypes of IPV depicted a relative change of − 14.9%, − 30.2%, − 11.0%, − 15.7% compared to round 3. Significant state-wise variations were observed in the prevalence. Multivariate  binary logistic regression analysis highlighted women's and partner’s education, socio-economic status, women empowerment, urban-rural residence, partner’s controlling behaviours as major significant predictors of IPV. Conclusions Our study findings suggest high prevalence of IPV with state-wise variations in the prevalence. Similar factors were responsible for different forms of IPV. Therefore, based on existing evidences, it is recommended to offer adequate screening and counselling services for the couples, especially in health-care settings so that they speak up against IPV, and are offered timely help to prevent long-term physical and mental health consequences.

scholarly journals Association of Intimate Partner Violence and Other Risk Factors With HIV Infection Among Married Women in India: Evidence From National Family Health Survey 2015-16

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Shri ◽  
Muhammad T.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
National Family ◽  
Women In India

Abstract Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. It is fuelled by gender inequality and disparity, which has resulted in a fundamental violation of women’s human rights. This study tries to find the association of intimate partner violence and other risk factors with the occurrence of HIV infection among married women in India.Data and Methods: This study is based on nationally representative data from the Indian National Family Health Survey (2015–16). Bivariate analysis and Multivariate analysis has been performed to determine the prevalence of HIV and Intimate Partner Violence. Logistic regression analysis is performed to find out the association of lifetime intimate partner violence and other factors with HIV infection among currently married women.Results: Married women who had faced physical, sexual, and emotional violence from their husbands/partners were almost twice more likely to have tested HIV positive compared to married women who did not suffer from violence [OR: 1.90, CI: 1.91-1.97]. The likelihood of testing for HIV positive was significantly higher among the married women whose husbands drink alcohol [OR: 2.49, CI: 1.69-3.66]. Interestingly, the use of condoms did not show any significant association with positive HIV status. Again, having more than one partner had a significant positive association with testing positive for HIV among married women [OR: 2.40, CI: 1.30-4.42].Conclusion: The findings of the study have shown that factors such as violence, having an alcoholic husband, increased number of lifetime sexual partners, having no financial autonomy, being sexually inactive for weeks, belonging to vulnerable social groups, and urban place of residence are important risk factors of HIV infection among married women in India.

CURRENT SCENARIO OF WEALTH AND CHILD NUTRITION IN INDIA: MACRO AND MICRO LOOK

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nivedita Roy ◽  
Rajan Gupt ◽  
Aparajita Chattapadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
National Family Health Survey ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
National Family

The level and relationship of child health, wealth, and basic amenities are changing fast in India. How strong are the relationships of state wealth, i.e., state Gross Domestic Product and basic household amenities like sanitation facilities with child health? Using the published National Family Health Survey 2015-16 at a macro level, the paper compares the change of stunting, underweight and under-five mortality over ten years (National Family Health Survey 2005-06 to 2015-16) and explores how far child health indices are associated with state Gross Domestic Product. Though wealth and child health are positively associated in India, the strength of the relationship is declining over time, indicating that wealth per se may not guarantee the betterment of child health. Undertaking a case study with 510 children in a low-income community of Mumbai, we further establish that the availability of basic facilities and recent infections play a stronger role in determining child nutrition status when household wealth is controlled. Higher-income, more years of schooling, less crowding in a household, covered drainage system, the non-occurrence of Gastro intestine, and infectious disease are significantly associated with better child nutrition status. Sincere attention to policy on improving basic facilities and living environment to address child health issues has become mandatory. National Health Mission or health programs like Swachh Bharat Abhiyan are good initiatives to focus on improving basic facilities and living environment to address child health issues. Key Words: Wealth, Child health, Stunting, Slum, Mumbai

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