Among the major cardiovascular risk factors an important place is occupied by dyslipidemia. There is clear evidence that increased serum total cholesterol and low density fraction of cholesterol (LDLc) are associated with increased risk of coronary and cerebrovascular events. The therapeutic intervention on hyperlipidemia improves cardiovascular morbi-mortality. The most important class of drugs used in the last three decades to lower cholesterol is represented by HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, generically called statins. Their benefit, regarding cardiovascular diseases, has been proven both in primary and in the secondary prevention. With a good tolerability and a good safety profile, statins remain the first line choice in dyslipidemic and even in normolipidemic patients, but with an increased risk of cardiovascular events.