Age-Dependent Reference Intervals in Children for the Disialoganglioside, GD2, a Circulating Tumor Biomarker for the Childhood Cancer, Neuroblastoma

Objectives We calculated upper 95% reference limits for serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) according to the CLSI/NCCLS C28-A3 guideline. Material and methods Serum samples from 1400 healthy male subjects were collected from the Fangchenggang Area Male Health and Examination Survey (FAMHES). Serum AFP and CEA values were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay on COBAS 6000 system E601 (Elecsys module) immunoassay analyzers. Results Serum AFP and CEA values were not normally distributed but log normally distributed. The upper 95% reference limits of the reference intervals were ≤4.76 IU/mL (nonparametric) or ≤4.56 IU/mL (parametric) for AFP and ≤5.57 ng/mL (nonparametric) or ≤5.82 ng/mL (parametric) for CEA. The distribution of AFP levels was found to be consistent between the non-smoking and smoking (p=0.740) and non-drinking and drinking groups (p=0.698). The distribution of serum CEA levels was significantly higher in the smoking than the non-smoking group (p<105), whereas there was no significant difference in this respect between the non-drinking and drinking groups (p=0.147). A significant increase with age was found both for serum AFP and CEA levels, and the age-dependent reference intervals were calculated. Conclusions The reference intervals for serum AFP and CEA show a slight deviation compared to previously reported reference levels. Distinct reference intervals of serum CEA must be established for smoking and non-smoking populations. In addition, age-dependent reference intervals should be implemented in clinical laboratories.

Download Full-text

Effect of age and gender on reference intervals of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and mean red cell volume (MCV)

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) ◽

10.1515/cclm-2015-0155 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 53 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Johannes J.M.L. Hoffmann ◽

Karin C.A.M. Nabbe ◽

Nicole M.A. van den Broek

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Reference Intervals ◽

Cell Distribution ◽

Age Dependency ◽

Distribution Width ◽

Age Related ◽

Age Dependent ◽

Red Blood Cell Distribution ◽

Related Increase

AbstractRed blood cell distribution width (RDW) was recently shown to be age-dependent when using Sysmex XE-2100 hematology analyzers. As measuring RDW is subject to technology, we have investigated if this relation also exists when using a different hematology analyzer, Abbott CELL-DYN Sapphire. In addition, as RDW is generally expressed relative to mean red blood cell volume (MCV), we have explored how MCV influences the age-dependency of RDW.We measured RDW and MCV in a large cohort and calculated RDW-SD (the “absolute” RDW), which does not contain MCV. For establishing reference intervals we used Bhattacharya statistics.In our study cohort of 8089 individuals we found a strong association between RDW and age, but not with gender. Also MCV showed an age-related increase over the entire age range. The conventional RDW increased by 6% from the youngest to oldest age class, whereas RDW-SD increased by nearly 15%. This difference was caused by a mean age-related increase in MCV of 6.6%. Age-dependent reference intervals were established for RDW, RDW-SD and MCV.The age-dependency of RDW seems to be a universal biological feature rather than related with a single type of hematology analyzer. As not only RDW, but also MCV increases with age, we propose that future studies on the prognostic significance of RDW take its age-dependency into account and focus on RDW-SD as a potential marker of adverse events in many clinical conditions.

Download Full-text

Age-dependent reference intervals for measured bioavailable testosterone on the Siemens Advia Centaur: Ethnicity-specific values not necessary for South Asians

Clinical Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.02.011 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 42 (9) ◽

pp. 922-925 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Amanda C. Zimmerman ◽

Kevin A. Buhr ◽

Scott A. Lear ◽

Daniel T. Holmes

Keyword(s):

South Asians ◽

Reference Intervals ◽

Bioavailable Testosterone ◽

Age Dependent

Download Full-text

Reference Intervals for Plasma Pro-Gastrin Releasing Peptide (ProGRP) Levels in Healthy Adults of Chinese Han Ethnicity

The International Journal of Biological Markers ◽

10.5301/jbm.5000084 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 436-439 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jie Zhang ◽

Ying Zhao ◽

Yu Chen

Keyword(s):

Reference Intervals ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Laboratory Studies ◽

Chinese Han ◽

Old Adults ◽

Gastrin Releasing Peptide ◽

Han Ethnicity ◽

Upper Limits ◽

Age Dependent ◽

Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay

Objectives To determine the upper limits of the 95th percentile reference intervals (RIs) for the detection of the pro-gastrin releasing peptide (ProGRP) in plasma according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) C28-A3 guideline in a population of adult Chinese of Han ethnicity. Methods Plasma samples were collected from 578 healthy adults. Plasma ProGRP values were measured by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) on Abbot ARCHITECT i2000 system analyzers. Results Plasma ProGRP values did not conform to a Gaussian distribution, and thus non-parametric statistical methods were used to calculate RIs. Plasma ProGRP levels significantly increased with age, thus age-dependent RIs were determined. The upper limit of the 95th percentile RIs for plasma ProGRP was ≤57.26 pg/mL for young adults (18-50 years) and ≤81.42 pg/mL for old adults (>50 years). Conclusions By CMIA, we established distinct age-dependent RIs for plasma ProGRP in healthy adults of Chinese Han ethnicity, thus generating a valuable reference for future clinical and laboratory studies.

Download Full-text

IgG Subclass Concentrations in Certified Reference Material 470 and Reference Values for Children and Adults Determined with The Binding Site Reagents

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1373/clinchem.2003.022350 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 49 (11) ◽

pp. 1924-1929 ◽

Cited By ~ 89

Author(s):

Uwe Schauer ◽

Frank Stemberg ◽

Christian H L Rieger ◽

Michael Borte ◽

Simone Schubert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reference Material ◽

Binding Site ◽

Certified Reference Material ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Reference Interval ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Reference Intervals ◽

Igg Subclass ◽

Serum Pool ◽

Age Dependent

Abstract Background: There is currently no international reference preparation for IgG subclass (IgGSc) quantification. This situation has led to calibration differences among assays and a variety of reference interval values with consequential difficulties in comparing results. We therefore evaluated IgGSc concentrations in Certified Reference Material 470 (CRM 470). Methods: Pure, polyclonal IgG1, -2, -3, and -4 were prepared from a large serum pool for use as primary standards. The IgG mass in each preparation was calculated from amino-acid analysis data. IgGSc concentrations were assessed in CRM 470 by nephelometry with modern analytical techniques, using these reference preparations. Subsequently, IgGSc concentrations were measured in 380 healthy individuals (250 males and 130 females), and age-dependent reference intervals were established. Results: IgGSc concentrations in CRM 470 were as follows: IgG1, 5028 mg/L; IgG2, 3418 mg/L; IgG3, 579 mg/L, and IgG4, 381 mg/L, with a total IgG concentration of 9406 mg/L, 2.83% below the certified total IgG value of 9680 mg/L. Age-dependent percentile curves for the four IgGSc were constructed using a Box–Cox transformation. Maximum median values were as follows: IgG1, 6.02 g/L at 11 years; IgG2, 3.45 g/L at 31 years; IgG3, 0.63 g/L at 17 years; and IgG4, 0.48 g/L at 14 years. No significant sex-related differences were observed. Conclusions: The correlation between the summation of individual IgGSc and separate measurements of total IgG concentrations was good and supports the accuracy of the results. The results are based on The Binding Site assays and should not be considered appropriate for other assays unless so demonstrated.

Download Full-text

A Method for the Computation of Age-Dependent Reference Intervals

Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation ◽

10.3109/00365517309084334 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 481-483 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

P. Winkel ◽

K. Jörgensen

Keyword(s):

Reference Intervals ◽

Age Dependent

Download Full-text

Age-Dependent Changes in Health Status in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Cohort

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2014.57.4863 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 479-491 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

Melissa M. Hudson ◽

Kevin C. Oeffinger ◽

Kendra Jones ◽

Tara M. Brinkman ◽

Kevin R. Krull ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Status ◽

Childhood Cancer ◽

Cancer Survivor ◽

General Health ◽

Childhood Cancer Survivor ◽

Poor General Health ◽

Adverse Health ◽

Organ Systems ◽

Age Dependent

Purpose To compare age-dependent changes in health status among childhood cancer survivors and a sibling cohort. Methods Adult survivors of childhood cancer and siblings, all participants of the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, completed three surveys assessing health status. At each of three time points, participants were classified as having poor outcomes in general health, mental health, function, or daily activities if they indicated moderate to extreme impairment. Generalized linear mixed models were used to compare survivors with siblings for each outcome as a function of age and to identify host- and treatment-related factors associated with age-dependent worsening health status. Results Adverse health status outcomes were more frequent among survivors than siblings, with evidence of a steeper trajectory of age-dependent change among female survivors with impairment in at least one health status domain (P = .01). In adjusted models, survivors were more likely than siblings to report poor general health (prevalence ratio [PR], 2.37; 95% CI, 2.09 to 2.68), adverse mental health (PR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.52 to 1.80), functional impairment (PR, 4.53; 95% CI, 3.91 to 5.24), activity limitations (PR, 2.38; 95% CI, 2.12 to 2.67), and an adverse health status outcome in any domain (PR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.97 to 2.23). Cancer treatment and health behaviors influence the magnitude of differences by age groups. Chronic conditions were associated with adverse health status outcomes across organ systems. Conclusion The prevalence of poor health status is higher among survivors than siblings, increases rapidly with age, particularly among female participants, and is related to an increasing burden of chronic health conditions.

Download Full-text

In Search of Normality for Vitamin K1: Establishing Age-Dependent Reference Intervals in the Danish Population

The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.1093/jalm/jfaa017 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 531-543

Author(s):

Ida Boegh Andersen ◽

Claus Lohman Brasen ◽

Anne Schmedes ◽

Ivan Brandslund ◽

Jonna Skov Madsen

Keyword(s):

Vitamin K ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Reference Intervals ◽

Specific Reference ◽

Vitamin K1 ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Lower Serum ◽

Limit Of Quantitation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Age Dependent

Abstract Background A growing body of evidence suggests that vitamin K has beneficial effects on human health, especially cardiovascular and bone health. Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone), the predominant form of vitamin K in blood, is regarded as an indicator of vitamin K status, but to our knowledge no reference intervals (RIs) have been established for vitamin K1. Methods In this population-based study, vitamin K1 was measured in serum from 3808 Caucasian individuals without diabetes from 26 to 78 years of age. The need for gender- and age-partitioned vitamin K1 reference intervals was evaluated using Lahti’s method, and exclusion criteria were defined to obtain as healthy a study group as possible. The excluded subgroups were tested for differences in mean serum vitamin K1 levels. Serum vitamin K1 levels were quantified using an in-house newly developed, validated, and highly sensitive online SPE-LC-MS/MS method with a limit of quantitation of (LOQ) 0.05 nmol/L. Results The reference interval for serum vitamin K1 was 0.22 to 3.95 nmol/L for individuals aged 26 to 44 years and 0.35 to 3.70 nmol/L for individuals aged 45 to 78. Similar age-specific reference intervals were established for vitamin K1-triglyceride ratio being 0.20 to 3.16 and 0.31 to 3.44, respectively. No significant difference was found between genders. Serum vitamin K1 was detectable in all serum samples. Individuals with known comorbidity were found to have significantly lower serum vitamin K1 compared to those without comorbidity. Current smokers had lower serum vitamin K1 compared to nonsmokers. Conclusion Age-dependent reference intervals were established for serum vitamin K1 and vitamin K1-triglyceride ratio in a well-defined, healthy Caucasian population. Lower serum vitamin K1 levels were found in individuals with known comorbidity, suggesting an association between serum vitamin K1 and disease status. Further studies are needed to determine an optimal serum vitamin K1 level.

Download Full-text