Relationship between recovery of calf-muscle biomechanical properties and gait pattern following surgery for achilles tendon rupture

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romildo Don ◽  
Alberto Ranavolo ◽  
Angelo Cacchio ◽  
Mariano Serrao ◽  
Francesca Costabile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Calf Muscle

scholarly journals DEFICITS OF CALF MUSCLES STRENGTH AND RATE OF FORCE DEVELOPMENT AFTER ACHILLES TENDON RUPTURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Vaida Aleknavičiūtė - Ablonskė ◽  
Agnė Savenkovienė ◽  
Albertas Skurvydas
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Plantar Flexors ◽  
Adaptive Changes ◽  
Motor Strategy ◽  
Neural Factors ◽  
Muscle Changes

<p>The Achilles tendon is the thickest and the strongest tendon in the human body. Many studies, investigating biomechanical properties of plantar flexors muscle-tendon unit after ATR surgery, reported an incomplete calf muscle contractile functional recovery. However, these studies only investigated the plantar flexors muscle function failing to provide information about the adaptive changes in motor strategy. In fact, the development of adaptive changes in motor strategies, due to both mechanical and neural factors, may result in pathological musculoskeletal conditions over the long term. Understanding physiological calf muscle changes due to long-term immobilization may help prevent Achilles tendon re-rupture cases.</p>

scholarly journals The ultrasonographic dynamic heel-rise test of the Achilles tendon

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (86) ◽  
pp. e260-e266
Author(s):  
Beata Ciszkowska-Łysoń ◽  
◽  
Urszula Zdanowicz ◽  
Robert Śmigielski ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Dynamic Assessment ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ultrasound Monitoring ◽  
And Function

The treatment of Achilles tendon rupture attempts to restore the primary anatomical structure and principal biomechanical properties of the damaged tendon. Postoperative clinical assessment of the healing progression and function monitoring may be difficult and require experience. Diagnostic imaging (ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging) helps monitor the healing process. In the following paper, we propose a heel-rise test – a dynamic assessment of the Achilles tendon performed under direct observation and ultrasound monitoring to establish the tension of the Achilles tendon. The test allows for a simple assessment of tendon function and may be safely repeated at any postoperative stage. It may be performed by a physician, radiologist and physiotherapist to monitor the recovery process following Achilles tendon damage.

Changes in Tendon Elongation and Muscle Atrophy Over Time After Achilles Tendon Rupture Repair: A Prospective Cohort Study on the Effects of Early Functional Mobilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (13) ◽  
pp. 3296-3305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Aufwerber ◽  
Gunnar Edman ◽  
Karin Grävare Silbernagel ◽  
Paul W. Ackermann
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tendon Elongation ◽  
Over Time

Background: Early functional mobilization (EFM) may improve patient outcome after Achilles tendon rupture (ATR). However, whether EFM affects patient outcome via changes in tendon elongation, thickening, or calf muscle atrophy is unknown. Purpose: To analyze differences in tendon and muscle morphology recovery over time between groups treated with EFM or standard treatment after ATR repair. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 86 patients (20 women) with ATR repair who had a mean (SD) age of 39.3 (8.2) years and were part of a larger prospective randomized controlled trial. Patients were postoperatively randomized to immediate postoperative weightbearing and ankle motion (EFM group) or to immobilization in a below-knee plaster cast for 2 weeks (control group). Patient-reported and functional outcomes were assessed at 6 and 12 months with the Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score and the heel-rise test for endurance. At 2 and 6 weeks and 6 and 12 months postoperatively, B-mode ultrasound imaging was performed to assess the length and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the Achilles tendon, the gastrocnemius CSA, as well as the thickness of soleus. Results: The Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score for the EFM and control groups were 65.8 (18.7) and 56.8 (20.1; P = .045), respectively, at 6 months and 79.6 (15.8) and 78.9 (17.2; P = .87), respectively, at 12 months. At 2 weeks, tendon elongation was significantly more pronounced in the EFM group as compared with the control group (mean side-to-side difference, 1.88 cm vs 0.71 cm; P = .005). Subsequently, tendon elongation increased in the control group while it decreased in the EFM group so that at 6 and 12 months no significant differences between groups were found. Mean Achilles tendon elongation at 1 year was 1.73 (1.07) cm for the EFM group (n = 55) and 1.67 (0.92) cm for the control group (n = 27), with a mean difference of 0.06 cm (95% CI, 0.54 to –0.42; P = .80). Achilles tendon CSA and calf muscle atrophy displayed no significant differences between the groups; however, significant changes were demonstrated over time ( P ≤ .001) in both groups. Conclusion: EFM results in more Achilles tendon elongation at early healing, but this difference subsides over time. EFM does not seem to affect patient outcome via changes in tendon elongation, thickening, or calf muscle atrophy. Registration: NCT02318472 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).

scholarly journals Calf Muscle Atrophy and Achilles Tendon Elongation After Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. e129-e130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juuso Heikkinen ◽  
Iikka Lantto ◽  
Tapio Flinkkila ◽  
Pertti Siira ◽  
Vesa Laine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Tendon Elongation

Recovery of Calf Muscle Strength Following Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture Treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roderik Metz ◽  
Geert J. M. G. van der Heijden ◽  
Egbert-Jan M. M. Verleisdonk ◽  
Rob Tamminga ◽  
Christiaan van der Werken
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Calf Muscle

Alterations in structure of the muscle-tendon unit and gait pattern after percutaneous repair of Achilles tendon rupture with the Dresden instrument

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Manegold ◽  
Serafim Tsitsilonis ◽  
Tobias Gehlen ◽  
Sebastian Kopf ◽  
Georg N. Duda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Percutaneous Repair

Kinematic and Neuromuscular Changes of the Gait Pattern After Achilles Tendon Rupture

1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 339-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Neumann ◽  
Lutz Vogt ◽  
Winfried Banzer ◽  
Udo Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Lateral Gastrocnemius ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Ankle Motion

After long immobilization periods in equinovalgus with operated Achilles tendon rupture, long-lasting changes of motor patterns in functional movement can be expected. In the present study, possible alterations in gait pattern have been analyzed based on kinematic and neuromuscular parameters. Ten patients 1 year after surgery and a healthy control group performed 10 gait cycles in natural walking cadence. Ankle motion, pressure distribution, and electromyographic data were recorded and analyzed in defined phases. Kinematic and neuromuscular changes are still evident 1 year after surgery with a temporal phase shift and a neuromuscular deficit of the lateral gastrocnemius muscle. The objective of rehabilitation should be the facilitation of the temporal innervation pattern of the lateral gastrocnemius muscle in the functional movement.

scholarly journals Biomechanical Comparison of Panda Rope Bridge Technique and Other Minimally Invasive Achilles Tendon Repair Techniques In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 232596712110084
Author(s):  
Ting Wang ◽  
Yuan Mu ◽  
Yulei Diao ◽  
Wenke Liu ◽  
Yahong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Postoperative Rehabilitation ◽  
Achilles Tendon Repair ◽  
Repair Techniques

Background: Although nonoperative management of acute Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) is a reasonable option, surgical repair has attracted attention for young and active patients. More reliable Achilles tendon repair techniques are needed to enhance recovery after ATR in this population. Purpose/Hypothesis: To biomechanically analyze the panda rope bridge technique (PRBT) and compare it with other minimally invasive repair techniques over a simulated, progressive rehabilitation program. It was hypothesized that PRBT would result in better biomechanical properties and enhanced recovery after ATR. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: An Achilles tendon rupture was created 4 cm from the distal tendon insertion site in 40 bovine lower extremities, and specimens were then randomly allocated to 5 Achilles tendon repair techniques: (1) Achillon, (2) modified Achillon, (3) Percutaneous Achilles Repair System (PARS), (4) modified PARS, and (5) PRBT. Each group was subjected to a cyclic loading protocol that was representative of progressive postoperative rehabilitation for ATR (250 cycles at 1 Hz for each loading stage: 20-100 N, 20-200 N, 20-300 N, and 20-400 N). Results: The PRBT technique demonstrated significantly less elongation (1.62 ± 0.25 mm) than the 4 other repair techniques after the first loading stage of 20 to 100 N ( P < .05). All specimens in the 4 other groups developed a large gap (elongation ≥5 mm) at the 20- to 200-N loading stage. When overall biomechanical performance was examined, the PRBT group exhibited higher strength (20-400 N) and more mean loading cycles (984 ± 10) compared with the 4 other groups ( P < .05). Conclusion: In this bovine model, PRBT biomechanically outperformed the other minimally invasive Achilles tendon repair techniques that were tested and could therefore meet the requirements of accelerated rehabilitation. Clinical Relevance: The reduced tendency for premature rerupture and the overall improved biomechanical properties of PRBT suggest that ATR patients treated with PRBT may more readily complete early and aggressive postoperative rehabilitation protocols. In addition, they may have a lower risk of early irreversible suture failure.

scholarly journals Impact of Physiotherapy on the Calf Muscle Torque Variability after Achilles Tendon Rupture

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaida Aleknavičiūtė ◽  
Rima Solianik ◽  
Dovilė Kielė ◽  
Laimutis Škikas ◽  
Nerijus Masiulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Muscle Torque ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Contraction Torque ◽  
Flexion And Extension

It has been established that muscle torque variability determines movement stability during the task [1]. Calf muscle weakness, ankle range of motion reduction and postural misbalance are common pathological limitations after Achilles tendon rupture (ATR). Most studies analyse rehabilitation influence for muscle strength and body balance, but there is a lack of information about calf muscle torque variability. The aim of the study was to determine ankle plantar flexion and dorsal flexion muscle maximal voluntary contraction torque and variability Q. Organization and methods. We measured five males, (aged 29 ± 6) after 6.5 – week surgery of ATR. Participants performed isometric ankle flexion and extension force with injured and non-injured legs. Muscles maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque and torque variability were measured at –15°; 0°; 15° angles. The variability of target force was 20% of MVC torque. Rehabilitation programme consisted of balance, muscle strength and stretching exercises. Calf muscle MVC torque and variability were observed before and after 8-week rehabilitation. The results of the research. We determined that after physiotherapy the injured and the non-injured leg isometric ankle flexion and extension muscle MVC torque increased and muscle torque variability decreased.Keywords: muscle torque variability, isometric maximal voluntary contraction torque, rehabilitation suformavimas.

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