The Efficiency of Photothermal Action of Gold Shell-Isolated Nanoparticles Against Tumor Cells Depends on Membrane Interactions

The ultrastructure of a cerebral primitive neuroectodermal tumor has been reported previously. In the present case, we will present some unusual previously unreported membranous structures and alterations in the cytoplasm and nucleus of the tumor cells.Specimens were cut into small pieces about 1 mm3 and immediately fixed in 4% glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffer for two hours, then post-fixed in 1% buffered osmium tetroxide for one hour. After dehydration, tissues were embedded in Epon 812. Thin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.In the cytoplasm of the tumor cells, we found paired cisternae (Fig. 1) and annulate lamellae (Fig. 2) noting that the annulate lamellae were sometimes associated with the outer nuclear envelope (Fig. 3). These membranous structures have been reported in other tumor cells. In our case, mitochondrial to nuclear envelope fusions were often noted (Fig. 4). Although this phenomenon was reported in an oncocytoma, their frequency in the present study is quite striking.

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Trophoblast Cell Membrane Interactions at Implantation

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100068540 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 310-311

Author(s):

A. C. Enders

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

Cell Membrane ◽

Membrane Fusion ◽

Trophoblast Cell ◽

Membrane Interactions ◽

Uterine Epithelial Cells ◽

Functional Complex ◽

Cytotrophoblast Cells ◽

Complex Relationships ◽

Syncytial Trophoblast

The alteration in membrane relationships seen at implantation include 1) interaction between cytotrophoblast cells to form syncytial trophoblast and addition to the syncytium by subsequent fusion of cytotrophoblast cells, 2) formation of a wide variety of functional complex relationships by trophoblast with uterine epithelial cells in the process of invasion of the endometrium, and 3) in the case of the rabbit, fusion of some uterine epithelial cells with the trophoblast.Formation of syncytium is apparently a membrane fusion phenomenon in which rapid confluence of cytoplasm often results in isolation of residual membrane within masses of syncytial trophoblast. Often the last areas of membrane to disappear are those including a desmosome where the cell membranes are apparently held apart from fusion.

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Ulcerogenic Tumors of the Pancreas

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100100676 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 186-187

Author(s):

J. C. Garancis ◽

J. F. Kuzma ◽

S. D. Wilson ◽

E. H. Ellison

Keyword(s):

Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Islet Cell ◽

Disease Process ◽

Central Core ◽

Islet Cell Tumors ◽

Opaque Zone ◽

Granular Form ◽

Zollinger Ellison Syndrome

It has been proposed that a gastrin-like hormone elaborated by non-beta islet tumors of the pancreas may be responsible for a fulminating ulcer diathesis. Subsequently, a potent gastric secretagogue was isolated from ulcerogenic tumors of the pancreas. This disease process is known now as “Zollinger-Ellison syndrome”.In our studies of two cases of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, pancreatic lesions were identified as alpha islet cell tumors (Fig. 1). Tumor cells were fairly uniform. The sizes of the alpha granules were not significantly different, but their number and distribution varied greatly from one cell to another. Each granule consisted of a round, highly dense central core, separated from the limiting membrane by an opaque zone. The granular form of the endoplasmic reticulum was particularly prominent. Numerous mitochondria, round or elongated, were dispersed throughout the cytoplasm. Individual or clusters of lysosomes were observed in the majority of cells.

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Glucose metabolism in cancer cells: immunogold localization of hexokinase to the outer mitochondrial membrane

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100141597 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 1044-1045

Author(s):

Krishan K. Arora ◽

Glenn L. Decker ◽

Peter L. Pedersen

Keyword(s):

Tumor Cells ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane ◽

Present Report ◽

Large Fraction ◽

Mitochondrial Fraction ◽

Immunogold Labeling ◽

Outer Mitochondrial Membrane ◽

Immunogold Localization ◽

Hexokinase Activity ◽

Normal Tissues

Hexokinase (ATP: D-hexose 6-phophotransferase EC 2.7.1.1) is the first enzyme of the glycolytic pathway which commits glucose to catabolism by catalyzing the phosphorylation of glucose with ATP. Previous studies have shown diat hexokinase activity is markedly elevated in rapidly growing tumor cells exhibiting high glucose catabolic rates. A large fraction (50-80%) of this enzyme activity is bound to the mitochondrial fraction (1,2) where it has preferred access to ATP (3). In contrast,the hexokinase activity of normal tissues is quite low, with one exception being brain which is a glucose-utilizing tissue (4). Biochemical evidence involving rigorous subfractionation studies have revealed striking differences between the subcellular distribution of hexokinase in normal and tumor cells [See review by Arora et al (4)].In the present report, we have utilized immunogold labeling techniques to evaluate die subcellular localization of hexokinase in highly glycolytic AS-30D hepatoma cells and in the tissue of its origin, i.e., rat liver.

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Sequential detection of mRNA for the chemokine IL-8 and macrophages (F4/80) in human melanoma

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010014141x ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 1008-1009

Author(s):

C.D. Bucana ◽

R. Sanchez ◽

R. Singh ◽

I.J. Fidler

Keyword(s):

Tumor Cells ◽

Nude Mice ◽

Constitutive Expression ◽

Metastatic Potential ◽

Melanoma Cells ◽

Human Melanoma ◽

Angiogenic Factor ◽

Infiltrating Cells ◽

Immunoperoxidase Assay ◽

Multifunctional Cytokine

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate by ISH the presence of IL-8 mRNA, and by immunohistochemistry (IHC) the presence of the chemokine IL-8 and the distribution of infiltrating macrophages in subcutaneous melanomas in the same tumor. IL-8 is a multifunctional cytokine produced by melanoma cells, activated macrophages and monocytes and it has been shown to be a growth and angiogenic factor for tumor cells. More recently it was shown that constitutive expression of IL-8 correlated directly with metastatic potential of human melanoma cells in nude mice. IL-8 content of a solid tumor as determined by Western blot analysis does not take into account the contribution of macrophages. Previous studies showed that murine tumors contain many infiltrating cells interspersed among tumor cells whereas human tumors growing in nude mice exhibit macrophages at the periphery or between tumor islands. In this study we demonstrate the expression of IL-8 and the distribution of macrophages by immunoperoxidase assay and IL-8 mRNA by ISH.

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Temporal and spatial interrelationships of confronting cisternae to nuclear envelope

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100125051 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 930-931

Author(s):

John R. Palisano

Keyword(s):

Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Nuclear Envelope ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Hela Cells ◽

Microscopic Investigation ◽

Electron Microscopic Investigation ◽

Serial Sections ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Fetal Rat ◽

Temporal And Spatial

Although confronting cistemae (CC) have been observed in a variety of tumor cells and normal fetal rat, mouse, and human epithelial tissues, little is known about their origin or role in mitotic cells. While several investigators have suggested that CC arise from nuclear envelope (NE) folding back on itself during prophase, others have suggested that CC arise when fragments of NE pair with endoplasmic reticulum. An electron microscopic investigation of 0.25 um thick serial sections was undertaken to examine the origin of CC in HeLa cells.

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