Lack of remorse in antisocial personality disorder: sociodemographic correlates, symptomatic presentation, and comorbidity with Axis I and Axis II disorders in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions

2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risë B. Goldstein ◽  
Bridget F. Grant ◽  
Boji Huang ◽  
Sharon M. Smith ◽  
Frederick S. Stinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Epidemiologic Survey ◽  
Sociodemographic Correlates ◽  
Axis I

Lack of quality assurance in forensic psychiatry: false positive prevalence of antisocial personality disorder among norwegian inmates on preventive detention

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 797-797
Author(s):  
H. Vaeroy
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Positive Diagnosis ◽  
False Positive Diagnosis ◽  
History Of

IntroductionA Norwegian government publication (1) claims a prevalence of around 50% of Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) in a small group of male detainees on preventive detention. The present study population is recruited from more or less the same population as those among whom a 50% prevalence of APD has been claimed (1). Norwegian forensic investigators rarely (17%) apply psychometric tools to confirm their clinical diagnosis (2).AimsTo confirm the diagnosis of APD applying SCID axis II. Methods: Fifty six inmates were available at the prison. Twenty eight were willing to participate (50%). Two were excluded. Thus, 26 (46%) inmates participated. DSM IV, SCID axis II was applied.ResultsNone of the 26/56 matched the APD criteria, mainly failing to fulfil the diagnosis of Conduct Disorder (CD) before the age of 15 years. All the inmates had a history of antisocial behaviour.ConclusionsTo explain the claim of around 50% APD in view of the present results, close to 100% APD should be found among the remaning thirty non-participating inmates. We consider this unlikely.A diagnosis of APD based on the history of antisocial behaviour alone represents a pitfall. Lack of quality assurance could lead to false positive diagnosis. The need for a standardized approach and quality assurance in Norwegian forensic psychiatric evaluations seems nevessary to avoid false positive diagnosis.

The neuropsychology of antisocial personality disorder

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAIREAD DOLAN ◽  
ISABELLE PARK
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Control Comparison ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Axis I

Background. The literature on executive function in antisocial populations is unclear due to variation in diagnostic criteria and variation in the inclusion of healthy control comparison groups. Some studies suggest prototypical psychopathy is associated with specific deficits in ventromedial prefrontal (VMPFC) function rather than dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC). Meta-analytical studies, however, suggest that antisocial personality disorder may be associated with a broader range of executive deficits. This study assessed DLPFC and VMPFC function in antisocial personality disorder subjects and controls using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and a Go/NoGo task respectively.Methods. All subjects were screened for Axis I pathology, substance misuse and prescribed medication. The performance of 29 subjects with antisocial personality disorder DSM-IV and 20 male right-handed controls (matched for age and IQ) on the neuropsychological test battery was compared.Results. Subjects with antisocial personality disorder displayed impairments on DLPFC executive function tasks of planning ability and set shifting. Impairments were also seen in VMPFC Go/NoGo tasks and in visual memory tasks.Conclusions. Antisocial personality disorder is associated with a broad range of deficits in DLPFC and VMPFC function. Future studies need to examine relationships between the interpersonal and behavioural components of antisocial personality disorder and neuropsychological function.

scholarly journals Serial Murder of Four Victims, of Both Genders and Different Ethnicities, by an Ordained Baptist Minister

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Reavis
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
African American Male ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Sexual Sadism ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Axis I Disorders ◽  
Axis I ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Psychiatric State

A case of a 61-year-old African-American male who sexually assaulted and murdered four individuals, of different ethnicities and both genders, is reported. The subject additionally engaged in sexual activity with each victim postmortem. Each murder is reviewed in detail, and the subjective state of the offender during the murders is commented upon. Psychological test data are reviewed. The subject met criteria for several Axis I disorders, including Bipolar I Disorder, Pedophilia, and Sexual Sadism, and met criteria for Axis II diagnoses of Narcissistic and Antisocial Personality disorder. He was additionally classified as a Psychopath, which, in combination with his Sexual Sadism, general psychiatric state, and exquisite sensitivity to humiliation, led to his decision to murder.

Suicidal Behavior in Patients with Adjustment Disorders

Crisis ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Kryzhanovskaya ◽  
Randolph Canterbury
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Adjustment Disorders ◽  
Involuntary Hospitalization ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
The Past ◽  
Substance Abuse Disorders ◽  
Axis I

Summary: This retrospective study characterizes the suicidal behavior in 119 patients with Axis I adjustment disorders as assessed by psychiatrists at the University of Virginia Hospital. Results indicated that 72 patients (60.5%) had documented suicide attempts in the past, 96% had been suicidal during their admission to the hospital, and 50% had attempted suicide before their hospitalization. The most commonly used method of suicide attempts was overdosing. Of the sample group with suicide attempts in the past, 67% had Axis II diagnoses of borderline personality disorder and antisocial personality disorder. Adjustment disorder diagnosis in patients with the suicide attempts was associated with a high level of suicidality at admission, involuntary hospitalization and substance-abuse disorders. Axis II diagnoses in patients with adjustment disorders constituted risk factors for further suicidal behavior. Additional future prospective studies with reliability checks on diagnosis of adjustment disorders and suicidal behavior are needed.

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