scholarly journals Susceptibility to intergranular corrosion in sensitized austenitic stainless steel characterized via crystallographic characteristics of grain boundaries

2021 ◽  
pp. 109946
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Fujii ◽  
Masanori Suzuki ◽  
Yoshinobu Shimamura
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Crystallographic Characteristics

scholarly journals Intergranular and Pitting Corrosion in Sensitized and Unsensitized 20Cr-25Ni-Nb Austenitic Stainless Steel

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/3725 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Clark ◽  
Choen Chan ◽  
W. Walters ◽  
Dirk Engelberg ◽  
Geraint Williams
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Pitting Corrosion ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Niobium Carbide ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Kelvin Probe ◽  
The Matrix

Advanced gas-cooled reactor (AGR) oxide fuels used in the UK are clad in bespoke grade 20%Cr-25%Ni-Nb austenitic stainless steel. Electrochemistry was first applied to correlate the breakdown potential with chloride ion concentration, temperature and pH for this alloy. At near-neutral pH the unsensitized material exhibited a linear E<sub>b</sub> = A + B log10[Cl<sup>-</sup>] relationship, where A = 0.7 V (vs. SCE), and B = 0.098 V/decade. Scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy revealed grain boundary regions in the heat-treated material up to 65 mV less noble to the matrix, whereas un-dissolved niobium carbide (NbC) precipitates were up to 55 mV more noble to the matrix. In-situ time-lapse microscopy and post-corrosion observations confirmed that sensitized grain boundaries were susceptible to pitting corrosion, further developing along intergranular corrosion pathways. It has however been shown that micro galvanic coupling between the Nb precipitates and matrix and / or sensitized grain boundary regions is not a factor in corrosion initiation as all experiments were performed under external potential control. Post corrosion observations showed the presence of pits at NbC precipitates promoting grain boundary corrosion. It is postulated that corrosion initiates at NbC precipitates as a pit, and when in close vicinity to Cr-depleted grain boundaries, then propagates along grain boundaries as intergranular corrosion.

SANDVIK 5R75

Alloy Digest ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract Sandvik 5R75 is a molybdenum-containing austenitic stainless steel with titanium added to prevent intergranular corrosion by tying up the carbon. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-777. Producer or source: Sandvik Steel Company. Originally published March 2000, corrected November 2000.

ALZ 321

Alloy Digest ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Heat Treating

Abstract ALZ 321 is an austenitic stainless steel with good cold formability, corrosion resistance, toughness, and mechanical properties. The addition of titanium improves the resistance to intergranular corrosion in welds and slower cooling sections. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: SS-821. Producer or source: ALZ nv.

Precipitation formation on ∑5 and ∑7 grain boundaries in 316L stainless steel and their roles on intergranular corrosion

2021 ◽  
pp. 116822
Author(s):  
Shao-Pu Tsai ◽  
Surendra Kumar Makineni ◽  
Baptiste Gault ◽  
Kaori Kawano-Miyata ◽  
Akira Taniyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Precipitation Formation

CARTECH 321

Alloy Digest ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Titanium Carbide ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Technology Corporation ◽  
Carpenter Technology Corporation

Abstract CarTech 321 is a titanium-stabilized chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel that was developed to provide the performance of an 18-8 austenitic stainless steel with improved intergranular corrosion resistance. Since titanium has a stronger affinity for carbon than chromium, titanium carbide tends to precipitate randomly within the grains instead of forming continuous patterns at the grain boundaries. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1338. Producer or source: Carpenter Technology Corporation.

CARTECH 347

Alloy Digest ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Intermittent Heating ◽  
Technology Corporation ◽  
Carpenter Technology Corporation

Abstract CarTech 347 is a niobium+tantalum stabilized austenitic stainless steel. Like Type 321 austenitic stainless steel, it has superior intergranular corrosion resistance as compared to typical 18-8 austenitic stainless steels. Since niobium and tantalum have stronger affinity for carbon than chromium, carbides of those elements tend to precipitate randomly within the grains instead of forming continuous patterns at the grain boundaries. CarTech 347 should be considered for applications requiring intermittent heating between 425 and 900 °C (800 and 1650 °F). This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1339. Producer or source: Carpenter Technology Corporation.

Crystallography of intergranular corrosion in sensitized austenitic stainless steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Fujii ◽  
Keiichiro Tohgo ◽  
Yota Mori ◽  
Yoshinobu Shimamura
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion
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