Fuzzy Logic Assessment of Engineering Properties of Granular Soil with Wastes for Environment Protection and Road Base Use

Due to lack of previous study on applying polymer additives in road base construction, this research presents experimental results on the improvement of long-term road base performance by the addition of carboxylated styrene–butadiene emulsion (Rovene® 4045) and Portland cement. The specimens stabilized with Portland cement (0–6%) and Rovene® 4045 (5–10%) and then subjected to different stress sequences to study the wetting and drying (WD) and wheel tracking (WT) tests on the 7-day-cured specimens. Results of tests conducted to assess the specimens’ resistance to WD cycling showed that the addition of a 4% Portland cement–7% Rovene® 4045 mixture resulted in reductions of 86.99% in water absorption, volume changes of 88.55%, and weight changes of 92.84% relative to a sample with only 4% cement after 12 WD cycles. The permanent strain behaviour of the samples was assessed by the WT test. The results of WT test showed that the permanent deformation characteristics of the mixture were considerably improved by utilization of Rovene® 4045 modification, which resulted in reductions of 218.9% at 25 oC, and 356.8% at 50 oC in permanent strain of the mixture respectively. Therefore, this research nominates a new polymer additive having outstanding engineering properties and environmental friendly.

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Strategy of Lightweight Green Package Development

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.311.392 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 311 ◽

pp. 392-397

Author(s):

Jui Ch Tu ◽

Hong Yi Chen ◽

Chuan Ying Hsu ◽

Chih Ku Chen

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Fuzzy Logic ◽

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Development Strategy ◽

Environment Protection ◽

Analytical Network Process ◽

Global Issue ◽

Network Process ◽

Quantification Analysis ◽

Harsh Climate

Under the harsh climate, environment protection and sustainable development have become a global issue. Deep impacts have been caused by over packaging. Taiwanese government has legislated for related issues. However, different understanding and cognition are aroused among industry and specific guidelines for lightweight packaging are needed, which also caused our interest to start this research. This research is based on the discussion of related Green Package documents to introduce Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to establish the development foundation of Green Package strategy. Meanwhile experts and related personnel of industrial circles have been interviewed to process reversed fuzzy logic grounded theory to analyze the main consider components of Green Package. Finally the outcome concepts and principles are introduced to Analytical Network Process (ANP) to generalize Green Package development strategy via quantification analysis and prioritization. We hope the Green Package Development Strategy could help industrial circles and also offer related reference in all respects.

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Engineering Properties of Cement–Treated Granular Soil for Geotechnical Application

Testing and Specification of Recycled Materials for Sustainable Geotechnical Construction ◽

10.1520/stp154020120025 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 498-519

Author(s):

P. H. Dong ◽

K. Hayano ◽

Y. Morikawa ◽

H. Takahashi

Keyword(s):

Engineering Properties ◽

Granular Soil ◽

Geotechnical Application

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Engineering Properties of Soil Stabilized by Ferrum Lime and Used for the Application of Road Base

SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS ◽

10.3208/sandf.39.31 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 31-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Masashi Kamon ◽

Huanda Gu ◽

Takeshi Katsumi

Keyword(s):

Engineering Properties ◽

Road Base ◽

Properties Of Soil

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The properties of road base course materials of granular soils stabilized by AGS granular soil stabilizing cement

Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater Sci Ed ◽

10.1007/bf02838813 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 89-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shen Wei-guo ◽

Zhou Ming-kai ◽

Zhao Qing-lin ◽

Wu Shao-peng

Keyword(s):

Granular Soil ◽

Granular Soils ◽

Course Materials ◽

Road Base ◽

Base Course

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Modification of Lime-Fly Ash-Crushed Stone with Phosphogypsum for Road Base

Advances in Civil Engineering ◽

10.1155/2020/8820522 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Hao Zhang ◽

Yuan Cheng ◽

Lei Yang ◽

Weikang Song

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Fly Ash ◽

Base Material ◽

Engineering Properties ◽

Crushed Stone ◽

Fine Aggregate ◽

The Road ◽

Road Base ◽

Shrinkage Cracks ◽

Phosphogypsum Waste

In order to increase the recycling of phosphogypsum waste, this study explored the feasibility of using phosphogypsum to replace some of the lime and aggregate in the lime-fly ash-crushed stone mixture which is a widely used road base material in China. For this purpose, compaction, compressive strength, composition structures, wetting-drying cycle tests, and shrinkage tests were carried out on the lime-fly ash-phosphogypsum-crushed stone composite to investigate its performance. The results indicate that lime-fly ash-crushed stone modified with phosphogypsum has the required strength of the road base material and favourable performances in environment (wetting-drying cycle) stability. The image processing analysis and shrinkage tests demonstrated that phosphogypsum can significantly improve the compactness and shrinkage performance of lime-fly ash-crushed stone mixture. A suitable content of phosphogypsum and a reasonable content of fine aggregate are conducive to improving the roadway engineering properties (i.e., decreasing shrinkage cracks and increasing compressive strength) of lime-fly ash-phosphogypsum-crushed stone composites.

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