scholarly journals Development of white matter microstructure and executive functions during childhood and adolescence: a review of diffusion MRI studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 101008
Author(s):  
Anne-Lise Goddings ◽  
David Roalf ◽  
Catherine Lebel ◽  
Christian K. Tamnes
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Mri Studies ◽  
White Matter Microstructure

scholarly journals Development of white matter microstructure and executive functions during childhood and adolescence: a review of diffusion MRI studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Lise Goddings ◽  
David Roalf ◽  
Catherine Lebel ◽  
Christian K. Tamnes
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indirect Measures ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
P Diffusion ◽  
The Brain

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) provides indirect measures of white matter microstructure that can be used to make inferences about structural connectivity within the brain. Over the last decade, a growing literature of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have documented relationships between dMRI indices and cognitive development. In this review, we provide a brief overview of dMRI methods and how they can be used to study white matter and connectivity, briefly discuss challenges with using dMRI in child and adolescent populations, and review the extant literature examining the links between dMRI indices and executive functions during development. We explore the links between white matter microstructure and specific executive functions: inhibition, working memory and cognitive shifting, as well as performance on complex executive function tasks. Where there is concordance in findings across studies, this is highlighted, and potential explanations for discrepancies between results are discussed. Finally, we explore future directions that are necessary to better understand the links between child and adolescent development of executive functions and structural connectivity of the brain.

scholarly journals Review of diffusion MRI studies in chronic white matter diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 694 ◽  
pp. 198-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajikha Raja ◽  
Gary Rosenberg ◽  
Arvind Caprihan
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
White Matter Diseases ◽  
Mri Studies

scholarly journals Diffusion MRI biomarkers of white matter microstructure vary nonmonotonically with increasing cerebral amyloid deposition

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 118-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian W. Dong ◽  
Ileana O. Jelescu ◽  
Benjamin Ades-Aron ◽  
Dmitry S. Novikov ◽  
Kent Friedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Amyloid Deposition ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
Cerebral Amyloid

scholarly journals Elevated Intraindividual Variability in Executive Functions and Associations with White Matter Microstructure in Veterans with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Scott F. Sorg ◽  
Victoria C. Merritt ◽  
Alexandra L. Clark ◽  
Madeleine L. Werhane ◽  
Kelsey A. Holiday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Intraindividual Variability ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objective: We examined whether intraindividual variability (IIV) across tests of executive functions (EF-IIV) is elevated in Veterans with a history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) relative to military controls (MCs) without a history of mTBI. We also explored relationships among EF-IIV, white matter microstructure, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Method: A total of 77 Veterans (mTBI = 43, MCs = 34) completed neuropsychological testing, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and PTSD symptom ratings. EF-IIV was calculated as the standard deviation across six tests of EF, along with an EF-Mean composite. DSI Studio connectometry analysis identified white matter tracts significantly associated with EF-IIV according to generalized fractional anisotropy (GFA). Results: After adjusting for EF-Mean and PTSD symptoms, the mTBI group showed significantly higher EF-IIV than MCs. Groups did not differ on EF-Mean after adjusting for PTSD symptoms. Across groups, PTSD symptoms significantly negatively correlated with EF-Mean, but not with EF-IIV. EF-IIV significantly negatively correlated with GFA in multiple white matter pathways connecting frontal and more posterior regions. Conclusions: Veterans with mTBI demonstrated significantly greater IIV across EF tests compared to MCs, even after adjusting for mean group differences on those measures as well as PTSD severity. Findings suggest that, in contrast to analyses that explore effects of mean performance across tests, discrepancy analyses may capture unique variance in neuropsychological performance and more sensitively capture cognitive disruption in Veterans with mTBI histories. Importantly, findings show that EF-IIV is negatively associated with the microstructure of white matter pathways interconnecting cortical regions that mediate executive function and attentional processes.

scholarly journals Correlation between white matter microstructure and executive functions suggests early developmental influence on long fibre tracts in preterm born adolescents

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. e0178893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte Vollmer ◽  
Aiko Lundequist ◽  
Gustaf Mårtensson ◽  
Zoltan Nagy ◽  
Hugo Lagercrantz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
Preterm Born ◽  
Early Developmental

scholarly journals Assessing white matter microstructure of the newborn with multi-shell diffusion MRI and biophysical compartment models

NeuroImage ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 288-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Kunz ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Lana Vasung ◽  
Kieran R. O'Brien ◽  
Yaniv Assaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Compartment Models ◽  
White Matter Microstructure

scholarly journals Superficial white matter microstructure affects processing speed in cerebral small vessel disease

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyue Wang ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Peiyu Huang ◽  
Hui Hong ◽  
Yeerfan Jiaerken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
Patient Subgroups

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are a typical feature of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). This condition contributes to about 50% of dementias worldwide, a massive health burden in aging. Microstructural alterations in the deep white matter (DWM) have been widely examined in CSVD. However, little is known about abnormalities in the superficial white matter (SWM) and their relevance for processing speed, the main cognitive deficit in CSVD. In this paper, 141 patients with CSVD were studied. Processing speed was assessed by the completion time of the Trail Making Test Part A. White matter abnormalities were assessed by WMH burden (lesion volume on T2-FLAIR) and diffusion MRI, including DTI and free-water (FW) imaging microstructure measures. The results of our study indicate that the superficial white matter may play a particularly important role in cognitive decline in CSVD. SWM imaging measures resulted in a large contribution to processing speed, despite a relatively small WMH burden in the SWM. SWM FW had the strongest association with processing speed among all imaging markers and, unlike the other diffusion MRI measures, significantly increased between two patient subgroups with the lowest WMH burdens (possibly representing early stages of disease). When comparing two patient subgroups with the highest WMH burdens, the involvement of WMH in the SWM was accompanied by significant differences in processing speed and white matter microstructure. Given significant effects of WMH volume and regional FW on processing speed, we performed a mediation analysis. SWM FW was found to fully mediate the association between WMH volume and processing speed, while no mediation effect of DWM FW was observed. Overall, our findings identify SWM abnormalities in CSVD and suggest that the SWM has an important contribution to processing speed. Results indicate that FW in the SWM is a sensitive marker of microstructural changes associated with cognition in CSVD. This study extends the current understanding of CSVD-related dysfunction and suggests that the SWM, as an understudied region, can be a potential target for monitoring pathophysiological processes in future research.

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