OBJECTIVE
<p>Type
1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with gut dysbiosis. However, the
relationship between the gut microbiota and latent autoimmune diabetes in
adults (LADA), sharing clinical and metabolic features
with classic type 1 and type 2 diabetes, remains unclear. Here, we identified the
characteristics of the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in patients with LADA
using a multi-omics approach.</p>
<p>RESEARCH
DESIGN AND METHODS</p>
<p>This
age- and sex-matched case-control study included 30 patients with LADA, 31
patients with classic type 1 diabetes, 30 patients with type 2 diabetes, and 29
healthy individuals. The gut microbiota profiles were identified via the 16S
rRNA gene, and fecal and serum metabolites were measured via untargeted liquid chromatography-mass
spectrometry.</p>
<p>RESULTS
</p>
<p>LADA
patients had a significantly different structure and composition of the gut
microbiota and their metabolites as well as a severe deficiency of short-chain
fatty acid-producing bacteria. The gut microbiota structure of the LADA patients
was more similar to that of patients with type 1 diabetes who were positive for
GAD antibody. We identified seven serum metabolite modules and eight fecal
metabolite modules that differed between the LADA group and the other groups.</p>
<p>CONCLUSIONS
</p>
<p><a>The characteristic gut microbiota and related metabolites
of patients with LADA are associated with autoantibodies, glucose metabolism,
islet function, and inflammatory factors, which may contribute to the pathogenesis
of LADA. </a>Future longitudinal studies should
explore whether modulating the gut microbiota and related metabolites can alter
the natural course of autoimmune diabetes, in the quest for new therapeutic.</p>
Genetic Similarities Between Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults, Type 1 Diabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes
