The loss of mobile ions and the aggregation of soil colloid: Results of the electrokinetic effect and the cause of process termination

AbstractThe reduction of mobile ions--mainly Na+, but also K+, H+ and Li+, is very critical as our gate oxide thickness and Leff decreases. Hot electron induced hydrogen compensation of boron doped silicon changes the PMOS Leff and NPN BVebo. This paper shows how to reduce Na+ by 100X, through the use of Triangular Voltage Sweep (TVS). This paper is designed to give scientists and engineers a case history where we reduced these levels from 1012 to 1010 mobile ions/cm2 in our 0.8μm BiCMOS process. This was accomplished by adding Ammonium Fluoride mixture dips at appropriate steps. For fast feedback, we can non-destructively measure Na, K, and H within 10 minutes of completing phororesist removal at any of the metallization steps using TVS. In addition to BiCMOS, TVS measure is a power tool in Nonvolatile Memories for predicting in-line data retention, when data retention is associated with charge gain.

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Investigation of mobile ions in polyimide films using MPOS structures

Conference on Electrical Insulation & Dielectric Phenomena - Annual Report 1984 ◽

10.1109/eidp.1984.7684034 ◽

1984 ◽

Author(s):

H. K. Zhang ◽

J. Yu ◽

W. L. Tang

Keyword(s):

Polyimide Films ◽

Mobile Ions

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Modelling earth current precursors in earthquake prediction

Annals of Geophysics ◽

10.4401/ag-3929 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

Author(s):

D. Patella ◽

A. Tramacere ◽

R. Di Maio

Keyword(s):

Electric Potential ◽

Ground Surface ◽

Complete Information ◽

Electric Polarization ◽

Time And Space ◽

Seismic Region ◽

Polarization Model ◽

Rock Body ◽

Electrokinetic Effect ◽

Diffusion Polarization

This paper deals with the theory of earth current precursors of earthquake. A dilatancy-diffusion-polarization model is proposed to explain the anomalies of the electric potential, which are observed on the ground surface prior to some earthquakes. The electric polarization is believed to be the electrokinetic effect due to the invasion of fluids into new pores, which are opened inside a stressed-dilated rock body. The time and space variation of the distribution of the electric potential in a layered earth as well as in a faulted half-space is studied in detail. It results that the surface response depends on the underground conductivity distribution and on the relative disposition of the measuring dipole with respect to the buried bipole source. A field procedure based on the use of an areal layout of the recording sites is proposed, in order to obtain the most complete information on the time and space evolution of the precursory phenomena in any given seismic region.

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