Exergy analysis of a lignocellulosic-based biorefinery annexed to a sugarcane mill for simultaneous lactic acid and electricity production

AbstractEnvironmental threats of coal usage in the electricity production combined with the consumption of renewable and non-renewable resources had led to worldwide energy challenges. The cost of coal mining and economical and environmentally sustainable usage of mined coal could be optimized by efficient management of coal supply chain. This paper provides a mathematical model for improving coal supply chain sustainability including the cost of exergy destruction (entropy). In the proposed method, exergy analysis is used to formulate the model considering not only economic costs but also destructed exergy cost, while genetic algorithm is applied to efficiently solve the proposed model. In order to validate the proposed methodology, some numerical examples of coal supply chains are presented and discussed to show the usability of the proposed exergetic coal supply chain model and claim its benefits over the existing models. According to the results, the proposed method provides 17.6% saving in the consumed exergy by accepting 2.7% more economic costs. The presented model can be used to improve the sustainability of coal supply chain for either designing new projects or upgrading existing processes.

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Exergy Analysis of a Micro Fuel Processing System for Hydrogen and Electricity Production - A Case Study

Micro Process Engineering ◽

10.1002/9783527631445.ch59 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 309-324

Author(s):

Krzysztof J. Ptasinski

Keyword(s):

Exergy Analysis ◽

Processing System ◽

Electricity Production ◽

Fuel Processing

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A review on exergy analysis of solar electricity production

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.012 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 74 ◽

pp. 755-770 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Fatih Bayrak ◽

Nidal Abu-Hamdeh ◽

Khaled A. Alnefaie ◽

Hakan F. Öztop

Keyword(s):

Exergy Analysis ◽

Electricity Production ◽

Solar Electricity

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Exergy analysis of a biorefinery process for co-production of third-generation l-lactic acid and electricity from Eucheuma denticulatum residues

Energy ◽

10.1016/j.energy.2021.122968 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 122968

Author(s):

Millicent Rosette Wan Yi Chung ◽

Inn Shi Tan ◽

Henry Chee Yew Foo ◽

Man Kee Lam

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Exergy Analysis ◽

Third Generation ◽

Eucheuma Denticulatum

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Demonstration of Retinal Glycogen with Silver Methenamine

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100066875 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 564-565

Author(s):

A. W. Sedar ◽

G. H. Bresnick

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Chromic Acid ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Müller Cell ◽

External Limiting Membrane ◽

Electron Microscope Level ◽

Reactive Process ◽

Inner Limiting Membrane ◽

Muller Cell ◽

And Migration

After experimetnal damage to the retina with a variety of procedures Müller cell hypertrophy and migration occurs. According to Kuwabara and others the reactive process in these injuries is evidenced by a marked increase in amount of glycogen in the Müller cells. These cells were considered originally supporting elements with fiber processes extending throughout the retina from inner limiting membrane to external limiting membrane, but are known now to have high lactic acid dehydrogenase activity and the ability to synthesize glycogen. Since the periodic acid-chromic acid-silver methenamine technique was shown to demonstrate glycogen at the electron microscope level, it was selected to react with glycogen in the fine processes of the Müller cell that ramify among the neural elements in various layers of the retina and demarcate these cells cytologically. The Rhesus monkey was chosen as an example of a well vascularized retina and the rabbit as an example of a avascular retina to explore the possibilities of the technique.

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