scholarly journals Natural selection? Picking the right trees for urban greening

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Churkina ◽  
R. Grote ◽  
T.M. Butler ◽  
M. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Urban Greening ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals Individual Laterality in Ghost Crabs (Ocypode saratan) Influences Burrowing Behavior

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1512
Author(s):  
Reuven Yosef ◽  
Michal Daraby ◽  
Alexei Semionovikh ◽  
Jakub Z. Kosicki
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Temporal Segregation ◽  
Ghost Crabs ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Burrowing Behavior ◽  
The Right

Behavioral handedness is known to enhance an individual’s handling capabilities. However, the ecological advantages in brachyuran crustaceans remain unclear, despite the Ocypode species having been studied extensively. Thus, in this study, we analyzed the laterality of the endemic Red Sea ghost crab on one beach in Eilat, Israel. We successfully documented the laterality of the large cheliped in 125 crabs; in 60 (48.0%), the right cheliped was larger, and in 64 (51.2%), the left. We also observed temporal segregation between the right- and left-clawed crabs. The right-handed crabs start activity just after sunrise, while left-handed crabs appear ca. 40 min after it. Similarly, temporal segregations were also observed in the evening. The right-clawed crab activity peaked ca. 20 min before sunset, while the left-clawed crabs were active uniformly. Additionally, burrow entrances corresponded to the larger cheliped of the resident individual and is probably a self-defense-related behavior. We conclude that cheliped laterality in O. saratan populations should be considered as a bimodal trait, where left- and right-handedness is not under natural selection pressure.

The Right “Fit”: Exploring Science Teacher Candidates’ Approaches to Natural Selection Within a Clinical Simulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-661
Author(s):  
Benjamin Dotger ◽  
Sharon Dotger ◽  
Joanna Masingila ◽  
Jeffrey Rozelle ◽  
Mary Bearkland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Science Teacher ◽  
Teacher Candidates ◽  
Clinical Simulation ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals Coordination in theory extension: how Reichenbach can help us understand endogenization in evolutionary biology

Synthese ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Luchetti
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Niche Construction ◽  
Mathematical Representations ◽  
Selection Theory ◽  
Semantic Extension ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Functional Extension ◽  
The Right ◽  
Natural Selection Theory

AbstractReichenbach’s early solution to the scientific problem of how abstract mathematical representations can successfully express real phenomena is rooted in his view of coordination. In this paper, I claim that a Reichenbach-inspired, ‘layered’ view of coordination provides us with an effective tool to systematically analyse some epistemic and conceptual intricacies resulting from a widespread theorising strategy in evolutionary biology, recently discussed by Okasha (2018) as ‘endogenization’. First, I argue that endogenization is a form of extension of natural selection theory that comprises three stages: quasi-axiomatisation, functional extension, and semantic extension. Then, I argue that the functional extension of one core principle of natural selection theory, namely, the principle of heritability, requires the semantic extension of the concept of inheritance. This is because the semantic extension of ‘inheritance’ is necessary to establish a novel form of coordination between the principle of heritability and the extended domain of phenomena that it is supposed to represent. Finally, I suggest that—despite the current lack of consensus on the right semantic extension of ‘inheritance’—we can fruitfully understand the reconceptualization of ‘inheritance’ provided by niche construction theorists as the result of a novel form of coordination.

scholarly journals ON BEING THE RIGHT SIZE: NATURAL SELECTION AND BODY SIZE IN THE HERRING GULL

Evolution ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1096-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Monaghan ◽  
N. B. Metcalfe
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Herring Gull ◽  
The Right

On Being the Right Size: Natural Selection and Body Size in the Herring Gull

Evolution ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Monaghan ◽  
N. B. Metcalfe
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Herring Gull ◽  
The Right

The left-sided aortic arch in humans, viewed as the end-result of natural selection during vertebrate evolution

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J. Muster ◽  
Rachid F. Idriss ◽  
Carl L. Backer
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Bronchial Tree ◽  
Vertebrate Evolution ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Arterial Duct ◽  
Arterial Trunk ◽  
Aortic Arches ◽  
The Right ◽  
Survival Of The Fittest

AbstractAt some point during vertebrate evolution from species dwelling in water to living on land, the ancestral double or right aortic arches became single and left-sided in mammals, including humans, as the result of synchronous developments in cardiovascular and respiratory embryogenesis. Since left-sided aortic arches are unique to mammals, hemodynamics related to the placenta, specifically the requirement for a large arterial duct connecting to the descending aorta, may have led to switching from the right-sided to the left-sided arch. Additionally, development of a trilobar right lung and its bronchial tree, also unique to mammalian evolution, restricted the space above the high eparterial bronchus to a single large vessel. Consequently, mammals that mutated to the left-sided aortic arch avoided respiratory, digestive or circulatory problems that are often associated with an isolated right-sided aortic arch – something which could be considered a successful mistake. Due to natural selection, and survival of the fittest, the left-sided arch became the norm in mammals.In congenital cardiac malformations where a large arterial duct is not mandatory in fetal life, as in Fallot's tetralogy or common arterial trunk, a right-sided aortic arch continues to occur, perhaps as an atavistic reversion to the anatomy seen in ancestral vertebrates.

scholarly journals The Psychology, Geography, and Architecture of Horror: How Places Creep Us Out

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
Francis T. McAndrew
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Horror Fiction ◽  
The Right ◽  
Psychological Features

Abstract Why do some types of settings and some combinations of sensory information induce a sense of dread in humans? This article brings empirical evidence from psychological research to bear on the experience of horror, and explains why the tried-and-true horror devices intuitively employed by writers and filmmakers work so well. Natural selection has favored individuals who gravitated toward environments containing the “right” physical and psychological features and avoided those which posed a threat. Places that contain a bad mix of these features induce unpleasant feelings of dread and fear, and therefore have become important ingredients of the settings for horror fiction and films. This article applies McAndrew and Koehnke's (2016) theory of creepiness to the study of classic horror settings and explores the role played by architecture, isolation, association with death, and other environmental qualities in the experience of creepiness and dread.

Investor-State Dispute Settlement under NAFTA Chapter 11: The Shape of Things to Come?

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 263-290
Author(s):  
J. Anthony VanDuzer
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
The North ◽  
State Behaviour ◽  
Nafta Chapter 11 ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Right

SummaryRecently, there has been a proliferation of international agreements imposing minimum standards on states in respect of their treatment of foreign investors and allowing investors to initiate dispute settlement proceedings where a state violates these standards. Of greatest significance to Canada is Chapter 11 of the North American Free Trade Agreement, which provides both standards for state behaviour and the right to initiate binding arbitration. Since 1996, four cases have been brought under Chapter 11. This note describes the Chapter 11 process and suggests some of the issues that may arise as it is increasingly resorted to by investors.

What face familiarity feelings say about the lateralization of specific entities within the core system

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Gainotti
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory System ◽  
Core System ◽  
The Core ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Specific Memory ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Temporal Structures ◽  
The Right

Abstract The target article carefully describes the memory system, centered on the temporal lobe that builds specific memory traces. It does not, however, mention the laterality effects that exist within this system. This commentary briefly surveys evidence showing that clear asymmetries exist within the temporal lobe structures subserving the core system and that the right temporal structures mainly underpin face familiarity feelings.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document