Fenethylline (Captagon) abuse: Case report and literature review

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S393-S394
Author(s):  
M. Preve ◽  
S. Casigliani ◽  
M. Godio ◽  
N.E. Suardi ◽  
R. Traber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Recreational Use

IntroductionNovel psychoactive drugs (NPS) has rapidly increase in the last years in the drug market as a recreational use. Fenethylline is a theophylline, an amphetamine-like drug, having stimulant effects similar to those of other amphetamine-type derivatives. Fenethylline was used as medicament for hyperactivity disorders in children, narcolepsy and depression, but it has also been used as a drug of abuse under the common name of ‘captagon’. The purpose of this report is to review the clinical evidence for the potential of abuse of fenethylline. We propose a case report and literature review.MethodWe conducted a systematic review of the literature with the principal database (PubMed, Enbase, PsychInfo) and we present a case report.ResultsThe effects of fenethylline is characterized by euphoria, derealization, autopsychic and somatopsychic depersonalization, hallucination, agitation and decrease of pain perception.Discussion and conclusionThe primary drug market for fenethyline (as captagon) has traditionally been countries located on the Arabian Peninsula but also North Africa since 2013. To our knowledge, there is no report on the recreational use of fenethylline in literature. The clinical features of fenethylline intoxication were also similar to effects from other amphetamine-like drugs. In our case report, dissociative symptoms are the core of fenethylline intoxication. Further research is warranted to replicate our clinical and qualitative observations and, in general, quantitative studies in large samples followed-up over time are needed. Methodological limitations, clinical implications and suggestions for future research directions are considered [1,2].Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Serotonin syndrome with SSRIs augmentation of amisulpride: Two case report and literature review

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S700-S700
Author(s):  
M. Preve ◽  
A. Ruccia ◽  
R. Traber ◽  
R.A. Colombo
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Serotonin Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionSerotonin syndrome is a potential adverse reaction to drugs increasing serotoninergic activity in the nervous system, some of them being frequently prescribed, such as antidepressant drugs. The association of myoclonus, diarrhea, confusion, hypomania, agitation, hyperreflexia, shivering, in-coordination, fever and diaphoresis, when patients are treated with serotoninergic agents, could constitute a “serotonin syndrome”. The purpose of this report is to review the clinical evidence of serotonin syndrome with SSRIs augmentation of amisulpride. We propose two case report and literature review.MethodWe conducted a systematic review of the literature with the principal database (PubMed, Enbase, PsychInfo) and we present two case report [1,2].ResultsWe describe two different case report with SSRIs augmentation of amisulpride.Discussion and conclusionTo our knowledge this is no report about the emergence of serotonin syndrome due to the use of SSRIs augmentation of amisulpride. Serotonin syndrome symptoms include high body temperature, agitation, increased reflexes, tremor, sweating, fever, dilated pupils, and diarrhea. Further research is warranted to replicate our clinical and qualitative observations and, in general, quantitative studies in large samples followed up over time are needed. Methodological limitations, clinical implications and suggestions for future research directions are considered.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Paramethoxymethamphetamine (Mitsubishi turbo) abuse: Case report and literature review

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s875-s875
Author(s):  
M. Preve ◽  
N.E. Suardi ◽  
M. Godio ◽  
R. Traber ◽  
R.A. Colombo
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Psychomotor Activation ◽  
Paranoid Delusion ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionParamethoxymethamphetamine and paramethoxyamphetamine (PMMA and PMA) are two so-called designer amphetamines, which appear from time to time on the illegal narcotics market in many countries. They are frequently sold as ecstasy or amphetamine, often mixed with amphetamine or methamphetamine [1, 2]. Paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA) is a hallucinogenic synthetic substituted amphetamine with capable of development of dependence [3]. The purpose of this report is to review the clinical evidence for the potential of abuse of paramethoxyamphetamine. We propouse a case report and literature review.MethodWe conducted a systematic review of the literature with the principal database (PubMed, Enbase, PsychInfo) and we present a case report.ResultsThe effects of paramethoxyamphetamine is characterized at the beginning with symptoms like euphoria, derealizzation, psychomotor activation, feeling in tune with surroundings and in love for friends, who come to visual and auditory illusions and hallucinations, paranoid delusion, and violent agitation.Discussion and conclusionThe use of these recreational drugs is especially common among young people participating in rave parties. Occasionally paramethoxymethamphetamine (PMMA) or paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA) are found in street drugs offered as ecstasy. Further research is warranted to replicate our clinical and qualitative observations and, in general, quantitative studies in large samples followed up over time are needed. Methodological limitations, clinical implications and suggestions for future research directions are considered.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

25c-nbome: Case report and literature review

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s874-s875
Author(s):  
M. Preve ◽  
S. Casigliani ◽  
L. Tognola ◽  
R. Traber ◽  
R.A. Colombo
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionNovel psychoactive drugs (NPS) have rapidly increase in the last years in the drug market as a recreational use. A new group of toxic phenethylamine derivates named NBOMe of 2 C class present have emerged recently, are frequently bought using the internet and have similar effects to other hallucinogenic drugs; however, they may pose larger risks, due to the limited knowledge about them, their relatively low price and availability via the internet. The purpose of this report is to review the clinical evidence for the potential of abuse of NBOMe compounds. We propose a case report and literature review.MethodWe conducted a systematic review of the literature with the principal database (PubMed, Enbase, PsychInfo) and we present a case report.ResultsThe effects of 25C-NBOMe is characterized by hallucination, violent agitation, rhabdomyolysis and kydney injury.Discussion and conclusionEffects from 25C-NBOMe in our case report were similar to previous individual case reports in literature. The clinical features were also similar to effects from other analogues in the class (25I-NBOMe, 25B-NBOMe). In our case, violent agitation (signs of serotonergic stimulation), rhabdomyolysis and kidney injury were observed. Further research is warranted to replicate our clinical and qualitative observations and, in general, quantitative studies in large samples followed up over time are needed. Methodological limitations, clinical implications and suggestions for future research directions are considered.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Misuse of pregabalin: Case series and literature review

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S312-S312 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.E. Suardi ◽  
M. Preve ◽  
M. Godio ◽  
E. Bolla ◽  
R.A. Colombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Psychomotor Activation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
High Level

IntroductionPregabalin is widely used in neurology, psychiatry and primary healthcare, and recently in literature different studies explain the possible misuse [1,2]. Pregabalin has shown greater potency in preclinical models of epilepsy, pain and anxiety, and may have potential in the treatment of cocaine addiction [3]. The purpose of this report is to review the clinical evidence for the potential of abuse and misuse of pregabalin. We propose ten different cases and literature review.MethodTen inpatients with misuse of pregabalin were assessed with: the SCID-P, Anamnestic Folio, HAM-A and DAST. We conducted a systematic review of the literature (PubMed, Embase, PsychInfo), using the terms “pregabalin”, “misuse”.ResultsAll our patients present: cocaine, alcohol and/heroin positive in drugs urine screening at admission; a significant high level of total anxiety at the HAM-A Tot (P < .001), and especially at the item 7 (P < .001); the misuse of pregabalin is made for sniffing; the predominant symptoms assessed were euphoria, psychomotor activation and sedation.Discussion and conclusionSchifano F et al., [1,2] suggest that pregabalin should carefully prescribe in patients with a possible previous history of drug abuse. Our result identifies a particular population the misuse pregabalin that are abuser of cocaine, alcohol and/or heroin. Further research is warranted to replicate our clinical and qualitative observations and, in general, quantitative studies in large samples followed up over time are needed. Methodological limitations, clinical implications and suggestions for future research directions are considered.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Relationship BetweenTeacher Motivation and Organizational Variables: ALiterature Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (63) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
João Viseu ◽  
Saul Neves de Jesus ◽  
Claudia Rus ◽  
José Manuel Canavarro ◽  
Joana Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Student Motivation ◽  
Teacher Motivation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Organizational Variables ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
Practical Implications

Abstract Teacher motivation plays a central role in education because ofitsimpacton student motivation. Previous reviews of teacher motivation have focused on individual variables and psychopathology indicators. However, it is also important to understand the effect of organizational variableson teacher motivationbecause these highlightthe contextthat the teacher is a part of(i.e.,the school). The literature review in this paper analysed studies related to teacher motivation and a pre-defined group of organizational variablesthat werepublished between 1990 and 2014 in several electronic databases.The study found that organizational culture was the most studied variable associated with teacher motivationand most studies in this area were published between 2010 and 2014.Further,there was a prevalence of quantitative studies. This paper concludes with the theoreticaland practical implications of the results,as well assuggestions for future research directions.

Developing Management from Islamic Perspectives (MIP) as a Formal Academic Discipline

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-69
Author(s):  
Shamas-Ur-Rehman Toor
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
International Consortium ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Scholarly Attention

Management from Islamic Perspectives (MIP) is an emerging field that has begun to attract scholarly attention. However, the research undertaken so far has been rather fragmented and lack a clear agenda. This paper presents a literature review of the field and the areas of current focus. Although the field has a huge growth potential, I argue that it faces several challenges and problems as it develops further. I outline these potential pitfalls, suggest how to develop MIP as a formal discipline, and explain how to integrate it within real-life business practices. The article closes with a call for research to be conducted in a more organized fashion through an international consortium of researchers as well as recommendations for future research directions.

Developing Management from Islamic Perspectives (MIP) as a Formal Academic Discipline

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-69
Author(s):  
Shamas-Ur-Rehman Toor
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
International Consortium ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Scholarly Attention

Management from Islamic Perspectives (MIP) is an emerging field that has begun to attract scholarly attention. However, the research undertaken so far has been rather fragmented and lack a clear agenda. This paper presents a literature review of the field and the areas of current focus. Although the field has a huge growth potential, I argue that it faces several challenges and problems as it develops further. I outline these potential pitfalls, suggest how to develop MIP as a formal discipline, and explain how to integrate it within real-life business practices. The article closes with a call for research to be conducted in a more organized fashion through an international consortium of researchers as well as recommendations for future research directions.

Process improvement project failure: a systematic literature review and future research agenda

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiju Antony ◽  
Bart A. Lameijer ◽  
Hans P. Borgman ◽  
Kevin Linderman
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Process Improvement ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Project Failure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Research Propositions

Purpose Although scholars have considered the success factors of process improvement (PI) projects, limited research has considered the factors that influence failure. The purpose of this paper is to extend the understanding of PI project failure by systematically reviewing the research on generic project failure, and developing research propositions and future research directions specifically for PI projects. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review protocol resulted in a total of 97 research papers that are reviewed for contributions on project failure. Findings An inductive category formation process resulted in three categories of findings. The first category are the causes for project failure, the second category is about relatedness between failure factors and the third category is on failure mitigation strategies. For each category, propositions for future research on PI projects specifically are developed. Additional future research directions proposed lay in better understanding PI project failure as it unfolds (i.e. process studies vs cross-sectional), understanding PI project failure from a theoretical perspective and better understanding of PI project failure antecedents. Originality/value This paper takes a multi-disciplinary and project type approach, synthesizes the existing knowledge and reflects upon the developments in the field of research. Propositions and a framework for future research on PI project failure are presented.

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