Modeling the impacts of contrasting nutrient and residue management practices on grain yield of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) in a semi-arid region of Ghana using APSIM

Rising temperature from climate change is the most threatening factor worldwide for crop production. Sustainable wheat production is a challenge due to climate change and variability, which is ultimately a serious threat to food security in Pakistan. A series of field experiments were conducted during seasons 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 in the semi-arid (Faisalabad) and arid (Layyah) regions of Punjab-Pakistan. Three spring wheat genotypes were evaluated under eleven sowing dates from 16 October to 16 March, with an interval of 14–16 days in the two regions. Data for the model calibration and evaluation were collected from field experiments following the standard procedures and protocols. The grain yield under future climate scenarios was simulated by using a well-calibrated CERES-wheat model included in DSSAT v4.7. Future (2051–2100) and baseline (1980–2015) climatic data were simulated using 29 global circulation models (GCMs) under representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5. These GCMs were distributed among five quadrants of climatic conditions (Hot/Wet, Hot/Dry, Cool/Dry, Cool/Wet, and Middle) by a stretched distribution approach based on temperature and rainfall change. A maximum of ten GCMs predicted the chances of Middle climatic conditions during the second half of the century (2051–2100). The average temperature during the wheat season in a semi-arid region and arid region would increase by 3.52 °C and 3.84 °C, respectively, under Middle climatic conditions using the RCP 8.5 scenario during the second half-century. The simulated grain yield was reduced by 23.5% in the semi-arid region and 35.45% in the arid region under Middle climatic conditions (scenario). Mean seasonal temperature (MST) of sowing dates ranged from 16 to 27.3 °C, while the mean temperature from the heading to maturity (MTHM) stage was varying between 12.9 to 30.4 °C. Coefficients of determination (R2) between wheat morphology parameters and temperature were highly significant, with a range of 0.84–0.96. Impacts of temperature on wheat sown on 15 March were found to be as severe as to exterminate the crop before heading. The spikes and spikelets were not formed under a mean seasonal temperature higher than 25.5 °C. In a nutshell, elevated temperature (3–4 °C) till the end-century can reduce grain yield by about 30% in semi-arid and arid regions of Pakistan. These findings are crucial for growers and especially for policymakers to decide on sustainable wheat production for food security in the region.

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Contribution of biological nitrogen fixation to cowpea: a strategy for improving grain yield in the semi-arid region of Brazil

Biology and Fertility of Soils ◽

10.1007/s00374-003-0668-4 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 333-339 ◽

Cited By ~ 80

Author(s):

L. M. V. Martins ◽

G. R. Xavier ◽

F. W. Rangel ◽

J. R. A. Ribeiro ◽

M. C. P. Neves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Fixation ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽

Arid Region ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Biological Nitrogen ◽

Semi Arid

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Influence of tillage and residue management on growth and yield of cotton grown on a vertisol over 5 years in a semi-arid region of India

Soil and Tillage Research ◽

10.1016/s0167-1987(02)00153-8 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 163-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

D Blaise

Keyword(s):

Arid Region ◽

Residue Management ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Semi Arid

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Relationship between carbon isotope discrimination and grain yield of rainfed winter wheat in a semi-arid region

Euphytica ◽

10.1007/s10681-014-1335-6 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 204 (1) ◽

pp. 39-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Guorong Zhang ◽

Robert Aiken ◽

Terry Joe Martin

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Carbon Isotope ◽

Arid Region ◽

Carbon Isotope Discrimination ◽

Isotope Discrimination ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Semi Arid

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Analysis of variability, heritability, and interrelationships among grain yield and related characters in barley advanced lines

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr1601073a ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 73-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jafar Ahmadi ◽

Behroz Vaezi ◽

Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Arid Region ◽

Block Design ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Peduncle Length ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Pure Lines ◽

Semi Arid

The main goal of this study was to improve pure lines for low input agricultural areas of the semi-arid region of Iran and similar environmental conditions. Forty barley pure lines provided from ICARDA along with three check cultivars were evaluated under rain-fed conditions in a semi-arid region of Iran during two years (2011-2013). The experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications to estimate genetic variation and heritability for agro-morphological traits. The highest values of phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were observed for the number of grains per spike followed by peduncle length, early vigor and grain yield. The broad heritability estimates ranged from 24% for grain yield to 96% for the number of grains per spike. The highest and lowest expected genetic advance, observed for days to physiological maturity and the number of grains per spike, respectively. Results of stepwise regression and path analysis showed that hectoliter grain weight and thousand grain weight exhibited the highest direct effects on grain yield, respectively. Comparisons between the pure lines and check cultivars indicated that out of 40 pure lines, 27 lines had a higher grain yield. Also, the pure lines No. 29, 13, 9 and 33 were identified as the superior lines for semi-arid environmental conditions. Our results indicate that check cultivars could be improved by selecting for pure lines with taller peduncle and the number of grains per spike, but with heavier grains. Therefore, these lines can be used as genetic material to broaden the genetic basis of barley breeding programs all over the world.

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Water use of cowpea under deficit irrigation and cultivation systems in semi-arid region

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n4p271-276 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 271-276

Author(s):

Rômulo M. O. de Freitas ◽

Jeferson L. D. Dombroski ◽

Francisco C. L. de Freitas ◽

Narjara W. Nogueira ◽

Tiago S. Leite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Water Use ◽

Water Consumption ◽

Arid Region ◽

No Tillage ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Semi Arid

ABSTRACT The resilience of crops to drought depends heavily on the cultural practices adopted, which can have a direct effect on water use efficiency. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of irrigation intervals on the growth, water consumption and water use efficiency of cowpea crops (cv. BRS Guariba) under conventional and no-tillage systems. The experiment was carried out in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, using a split-plot in a randomised complete block design, with four replications. Treatments consisted of two cultivation systems in the whole plots (conventional and no-tillage) and six irrigation intervals in the subplots (2, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 22 days) which were applied at full bloom. The biomass of the different parts of the plant, leaf area and leaf area index were assessed at 64 days after sowing (DAS) and grain yield, water consumption and water use efficiency at 70 DAS. No-tillage is a promising cultivation technique for cowpea crops, promoting higher grain yield and water use efficiency under semi-arid conditions. This system allows cowpea cultivation with irrigation intervals of 10 or 14 days, with no or small reduction in yield, respectively.

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CRESCIMENTO E PRODUÇÃO DA PRIMEIRA REBROTA DE CULTIVARES DE SORGO SOB DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO

Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo ◽

10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v16n3p449-459 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 449

Author(s):

JOÃO PAULO NUNES COSTA ◽

JOSÉ FRANCISMAR MEDEIROS ◽

RAFAELA MENDES DE ANDRADE NUNES ◽

EDMILSON GOMES CAVALCANTE JÚNIOR ◽

JOSÉ FLAVIANO BARBOSA LIRA

Keyword(s):

Sorghum Bicolor ◽

Arid Region ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Climatic Data ◽

Forage Sorghum ◽

Tukey Test ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Semi Arid

RESUMO - Avaliou-se comportamento da rebrota de cultivares do sorgo sacarino e forrageiro no semiárido potiguar sob diferentes lâminas de irrigação. O ensaio foi realizado em março de 2015, nas condições de campo, em um argissolo no município de Upanema-RN, região Nordeste do Brasil. O experimento foi conduzido com delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados completos, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas 4 x (5 x 2), com quatro repetições, sendo quatro lâminas de irrigação (50, 75, 100 e 125% da ETc), e cinco cultivares (duas cultivares sacarinas, BRS 506 e BRS 511, e três forrageiras IPA 467-4-2, IPA SF-15 e BRS Ponta Negra) combinadas com duas densidade de plantio nas subparcelas. As variáveis avaliadas foram as produtividades de massa fresca e seca. Verificou-se que a lâmina de irrigação repondo 100% da ETc proporcionou maior rendimento de biomassa e que as cultivares sacarinas apresentaram baixa capacidade de rebrota, sendo as variedades IPA SF 15, IPA 467-4-2 e a BRS Ponta Negra as mais produtivas.Palavras-chave: Sorghum bicolor, semiárido, estresse hídrico. GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF THE FIRST REGROWTH OF SORGO CULTIVARS UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION BLADES ABSTRACT - Behavior of re-growth of saccharin sorghum and forage sorghum cultivars in the semi-arid region of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil, under different irrigation blades was evaluated. The experiment was carried out in March 2015 under field conditions in an argisol in the municipality of Upanema-RN, northeast region of Brazil. The experiment was carried out in a complete randomized complete block design with four replications (4 x 5 x 2), four irrigation blades (50, 75, 100 and 125% of ETc estimated from climatic data of Mossoró-RN) and five cultivars (two saccharin cultivars, BRS 506 and BRS 511, and three forage cultivars, IPA 467-4-2, IPA SF-15 and BRS Ponta Negra) combined with two planting densities in the subplots. Fresh and dry mass productivities were evaluated. The results were submitted to analysis of variance (F test) and the means were compared by the Tukey test at the 5% probability level, using the SAEG 8.1 software. It was verified that the irrigation blade replacing 100% of the ETc provided a higher yield of biomass and that the saccharin cultivars presented a low sprout capacity, with the varieties IPA SF 15, IPA 467-4-2 and BRS Ponta Negra being the most productive. Keywords: Sorghum bicolor, semiarid, water stress.

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