The effect of sodium alginate on nutrient digestion and metabolic responses during both in vitro and in vivo digestion process

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has a significant effect on the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and advanced primary liver cancer, but it still faces severe side effects. Considering these problems, red blood cell membrane-camouflaged ATO-loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles (RBCM-SA-ATO-NPs, RSANs) were developed to relieve the toxicity of ATO while maintaining its efficacy. ATO-loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles (SA-ATO-NPs, SANs) were prepared by the ion crosslinking method, and then RBCM was extruded onto the surface to obtain RSANs. The average particle size of RSANs was found to be 163.2 nm with a complete shell-core bilayer structure, and the average encapsulation efficiency was 14.31%. Compared with SANs, RAW 264.7 macrophages reduced the phagocytosis of RSANs by 51%, and the in vitro cumulative release rate of RSANs was 95% at 84 h, which revealed a prominent sustained release. Furthermore, it demonstrated that RSANs had lower cytotoxicity as compared to normal 293 cells and exhibited anti-tumor effects on both NB4 cells and 7721 cells. In vivo studies further showed that ATO could cause mild lesions of main organs while RSANs could reduce the toxicity and improve the anti-tumor effects. In brief, the developed RSANs system provides a promising alternative for ATO treatment safely and effectively.

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In vitro and in vivo actions of zinc ion affecting cellular substances which influence host metabolic responses to inflammation

Journal of Cellular Physiology ◽

10.1002/jcp.1040950114 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 95 (1) ◽

pp. 115-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Carol A. Mapes ◽

Paul T. Bailey ◽

Charles F. Matson ◽

Edward C. Hauer ◽

Philip Z. Sobocinski

Keyword(s):

Zinc Ion ◽

Metabolic Responses

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Oily in situ gels as an alternative floating platform for ketoconazole release

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11i2.2278 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 2638-2649

Author(s):

Masar Basim Mohsin Mohamed ◽

Iman Sabah Jaafar ◽

Methaq Hamad Sabar ◽

Marwa Hazem Jasim ◽

Furqan M. Abdulelah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sodium Alginate ◽

Guar Gum ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Medium Chain Triglyceride ◽

Floating Platform ◽

Release Study ◽

Model Drug

Sodium alginate, calcium carbonate, and guar gum were mixed with oils such as olive oil (OO), sesame oil (SO), and medium chain triglyceride (MCT). The oily formulations were found to simplify the preparation of in situ floating gel. This was the aim of this study using ketoconazole (keto) as a model drug. The investigations for the floating property were established by In vitro gelling capacity study and In vitro floating study. Additionally, in vitro release study was applied to find the best formulations to delay the release of keto. Then, selected formulations were studied by FTIR and SEM. Lastly, in vivo gelation was performed to examine the gelation in the rat’s stomach. The results showed all formulations were floating after successful gelation as the least amount of sodium alginate to gel oils was 20% w/w. The gels in SO and OO were better than MCT in delaying keto release, and 30% w/w sodium alginate in SO was the best to delay the release of keto within 8 hours of the release study. Selected gels showed interactions between the keto molecules and the molecules of the gel contents by FTIR study, and SEM showed a difference in the internal structure of selected formulations. Lastly, the 30% w/w sodium alginate in SO proved to gel and remain in the rat's stomach in the following periods: 30 min, 1 hour, 2 hours, and after 8 hours. Oily suspension formulations showed floating properties in the stomach and slowed the release of keto and specifically 30% w/w of sodium alginate in SO.

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