Defoliation and growth loss in young Sitka spruce following repeated attack by the green spruce aphid, Elatobium abietinum (Walker)

2005 ◽  
Vol 213 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 349-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Straw ◽  
N.J. Fielding ◽  
G. Green ◽  
J. Price
Keyword(s):  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Growth Loss ◽  
Elatobium Abietinum ◽  
Repeated Attack

scholarly journals Defoliation and dieback of Sitka spruce in Reykjavík, Iceland

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Juliane Kuckuk ◽  
Sibren van Manen ◽  
Ólafur Eggertsson ◽  
Edda Sigurdís Oddsdóttir ◽  
Jan Esper
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Tree Ring Data ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Elatobium Abietinum ◽  
One Year ◽  
Spruce Needles ◽  
Aphid Populations

The green spruce aphid Elatobium abietinum is an important defoliating pest of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) in Iceland. A comparison of two urban Sitka stands in Reykjavík, from 2013-2017, reveals a distinct defoliation difference between trees located near a main road (94% defoliated) and several hundred meters away from heavy traffic (47%). Chemical analyses of the spruce needles demonstrate substantially higher nitrogen ratios in trees near traffic. Furthermore, the recently warming winter temperatures promoted larger overwintering aphid populations since 2003, as well as a shift of mass outbreaks from autumn to spring, accompanied by distinct growth suppressions one year after an aphid population spike in the post-2003 tree-ring data. The results of this study indicate that the mechanisms triggering Sitka spruce dieback in Reykjavík include a combination of increasing winter temperatures, more frequent and severe green spruce aphid outbreaks, as well as elevated N values in the needles of urban trees.

Quantifying stem growth loss at the tree-level in a Pinus radiata plantation to repeated attack by the aphid, Essigella californica

2011 ◽  
Vol 261 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alieta Eyles ◽  
Andrew P. Robinson ◽  
David Smith ◽  
Angus Carnegie ◽  
Ian Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Stem Growth ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Growth Loss ◽  
Repeated Attack
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