The influence of local habitat and landscape composition on cavity-nesting birds in a forested mosaic

2005 ◽  
Vol 214 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 331-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara L. Warren ◽  
Matthew G. Betts ◽  
Antony W. Diamond ◽  
Graham J. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Cavity Nesting ◽  
Local Habitat

scholarly journals Interactions of local habitat type, landscape composition and flower availability moderate wild bee communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 2209-2224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Neumüller ◽  
Hannah Burger ◽  
Sabrina Krausch ◽  
Nico Blüthgen ◽  
Manfred Ayasse
Keyword(s):  
Positive Response ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Wild Bee ◽  
Bee Communities ◽  
Natural Grassland ◽  
Local Habitat

Abstract Context Landscape and local habitat traits moderate wild bee communities. However, whether landscape effects differ between local habitat types is largely unknown. Objectives We explored the way that wild bee communities in three distinct habitats are shaped by landscape composition and the availability of flowering plants by evaluating divergences in response patterns between habitats. Methods In a large-scale monitoring project across 20 research areas, wild bee data were collected on three habitats: near-natural grassland, established flower plantings and residual habitats (e.g. field margins). Additionally, landscape composition was mapped around the research areas. Results Our monitoring produced a dataset of 27,650 bees belonging to 324 species. Bee communities on all three habitats reacted similarly to local flower availability. Intensively managed grassland in the surrounding landscape had an overall negative effect on the studied habitats. Other landscape variables produced diverging response patterns that were particularly pronounced during early and late season. Bee communities in near-natural grassland showed a strong positive response to ruderal areas. Flower plantings and residual habitats such as field margins showed a pronounced positive response to extensively managed grassland and woodland edges. Response patterns regarding bee abundance were consistent with those found for species richness. Conclusion We advise the consideration of local habitat type and seasonality when assessing the effect of landscape context on bee communities. A reduction in the intensity of grassland management enhances bee diversity in a broad range of habitats. Moreover, wild bee communities are promoted by habitat types such as ruderal areas or woodland edges.

scholarly journals Differential Response of Migratory Guilds of Birds to Urbanization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Murphy ◽  
David C. Bailey ◽  
Nathanael I. Lichti ◽  
Laura A. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Short Distance ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Partial Migrant ◽  
Native Tree Species ◽  
Park Area ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Local Habitat

Abstract Species richness and density of native fauna in urban parks and greenspaces (“parks”) is often lower than in surrounding areas. Understanding the causes of these differences requires a hierarchical approach that integrates factors across multiple scales. In 2003 we surveyed bird communities in 48 forested parks in Portland, Oregon, USA, to identify the relative contributions of park size, shape, and connectivity, landscape composition, and variation in local habitat to differences in richness and density of long-distance migrant, short-distance/partial migrant, and resident birds. All surveyed parks contained highly structured understories comprised primarily of native vegetation and lacked development beyond trails. The bird guilds responded differently to environmental factors. Richness and density of long-distance migrants increased with park area and the abundance of small, mostly native, tree species. Resident species richness also increased with the abundance of small trees. Richness of residents and short-distance migrants was independent of park area, and resident density declined with increasing park area. Park shape, connectivity, and landscape composition did not contribute to differences in richness or density of different migratory guilds. Most long-distance migrants were forest-dependent species. An analysis of all forest-dependent species of all migratory guilds suggested that few exist in parks below 10 ha, and minimum area requirements for maintaining populations of forest-dependent species are estimated to be 30 to 40 ha. Without such parks most long-distance migrants would likely disappear from Portland’s landscape.

Landscape composition and vole outbreaks: evidence from an eight year study of Arvicola terrestris

Ecography ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Fichet-Calvet ◽  
B. Pradier ◽  
J. P. Quere ◽  
P. Giraudoux ◽  
P. Delattre
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Arvicola Terrestris

Red Heart Disease in Pines Caused by Porodaedalea (Phellinus) pini in Florida

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Yin-Tse Huang ◽  
Jeffrey Eickwort ◽  
Jiri Hulcr
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Cavity Nesting ◽  
Pine Species

All pine species in Florida are susceptible to red heart disease. The disease can decrease timber value and weaken trees, making them threats to people and property. In forests, however, the same disease can be beneficial to cavity-nesting animals like red-cockaded woodpeckers. This 3-page fact sheet written by Yin-Tse Huang, Jeffrey Eickwort, and Jiri Hulcr and published by the UF/IFAS School of Forest Resources and Conservation describes the disease and provides some tips to manage it in areas where it could cause problems for people.http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fr425

Contribuição dos atores da pesca para a bioecologia do Camurim Centropomus undecimalis (CENTROPOMIDAE – PERCIFORMES) capturado no litoral Amazônico brasileiro

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e4119108691
Author(s):  
Maria Eduarda Garcia de Sousa Pereira ◽  
Voyner Ravena Cañete ◽  
Marllen Karine da Silva Palheta ◽  
Francisco José da Silva Santos ◽  
Bianca Bentes da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Centropomus Undecimalis ◽  
Microsoft Office ◽  
Local Habitat

O objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer e descrever a bioecologia do Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792), quanto a sua nomenclatura local, hábitat, alimentação, reprodução e migração, a partir do conhecimento dos atores da pesca, bem como, traçar o perfil socioeconômico desses trabalhadores. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas junto aos pescadores, mestres e donos de embarcações, entre março e maio de 2019 no município de Bragança, por meio da técnica snowball. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados em planilhas eletrônicas dos Software Microsoft Office Excel, Past e IRAMUTEQ. O perfil socioeconômico dos atores da pesca foi similar em relação a idade, escolaridade, tempo na pesca e renda, exceto o último, que variou significativamente em função da ocupação/profissão. Essa espécie é conhecida localmente como camurim, robalo e camurim-preto. Sendo encontrado ao longo do litoral amazônico brasileiro, distribuído em 20 etno-habitats. Destes, 49,1% encontram-se no ambiente costeiro/marinho, 47,1% no estuarino e 3,8% no dulcícola. Alimentam-se, preferencialmente de peixes, seguido de crustáceos e insetos. Essa espécie reproduz ao longo do ano, porém, com maior frequência entre os meses de junho e dezembro (período de transição chuvoso-seco e período seco). A migração ocorre em função da sazonalidade local, fase de vida e habitat, influenciando na alimentação, reprodução e crescimento. Os resultados apresentados, a partir de uma perspectiva integrada de conhecimentos, pode ser peça chave no ponto de partida para o manejo e conservação dessa espécie no litoral amazônico brasileiro.

Use of Ornamental Trees in Dating of Abandoned Cemeteries on the Example of Thuja Occidentalis and Thuja Orientalis

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Magdalena Opała ◽  
Leszek Majgier
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lake District ◽  
Thuja Occidentalis ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Thuja Orientalis ◽  
Ornamental Trees ◽  
Common Tree ◽  
Local Habitat

Abstract Due to the lack of maintenance, abandoned cemeteries are often incorporated into the landscape. In many cases the information about the age of the cemetery is unavailable. To find out the approximate time of the formation of the cemetery the information recorded in the annual tree and shrub rings can be used. One of the most common tree species, planted for ornamental and symbolic purposes on the cemeteries, are Thuja orientalis and Thuja occidentalis. Alien to the Polish flora, these species adapted well to the local habitat and climatic conditions. The paper presents an attempt to apply dendrochronological dating to determine the age of the abandoned cemeteries in the region of the Great Masurian Lakes, part of the Masurian Lake District (north-eastern Poland). The study included five abandoned cemeteries. In total, 15 cores were taken from the trees. After applying the standard dendrochronological method, local chronologies for the studied species were established. The research indicated that the oldest found specimens - over 70 yrs old - are Thuja occidentalis individuals growing at the Słabowo cemetery. At the other sites the specimens of both Thuja species date back to the 1960s and early 1970s. Compared to the historical information regarding the age and origin of the studied objects, thujas growing there are much younger than the age of the cemeteries foundation. The presented method proved to be very helpful in understanding the time of Thuja occidentalis and Thuja orientalis introduction at the investigated cemeteries.

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