Using heterogeneity indices to adjust basal area – Leaf area index relationship in managed coniferous stands

2020 ◽  
Vol 458 ◽  
pp. 117699
Author(s):  
Alex Appiah Mensah ◽  
Hans Petersson ◽  
Svetlana Saarela ◽  
Martin Goude ◽  
Emma Holmström
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Area Index

scholarly journals Algorithm for assessing forest stand productivity index using leaf area index

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1311
Author(s):  
Faid Abdul Manan ◽  
Muhammad Buce Saleh ◽  
I Nengah Surati Jaya ◽  
Uus Saepul Mukarom
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Stand Productivity ◽  
Variable Combination

This paper describes a development of an algorithm for assessing stand productivity by considering the stand variables. Forest stand productivity is one of the crucial information that required to establish the business plan for unit management at the beginning of forest planning activity. The main study objective is to find out the most significant and accurate variable combination to be used for assessing the forest stand productivity, as well as to develop productivity estimation model based on leaf area index. The study found the best stand variable combination in assessing stand productivity were density of poles (X2), volume of commercial tree having diameter at breast height (dbh) 20-40 cm (X16), basal area of commercial tree of dbh >40 cm (X20) with Kappa Accuracy of 90.56% for classifying into 5 stand productivity classes. It was recognized that the examined algorithm provides excellent accuracy of 100% when the stand productivity was classified into only 3 classes. The best model for assessing the stand productivity index with leaf area index is y = 0.6214x - 0.9928 with R2= 0.71, where y is productivity index and x is leaf area index.

scholarly journals A PROPOSED METHODOLOGY FOR THE CORRECTION OF THE LEAF AREA INDEX MEASURED WITH A CEPTOMETER FOR PINUS AND EUCALYPTUS FORESTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 845-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domingos Mendes Lopes ◽  
Nigel Walford ◽  
Helder Viana ◽  
Carlos Roberto Sette Junior
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Correction Factor ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Nutrient Cycle ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Non Destructive

ABSTRACT Leaf area index (LAI) is an important parameter controlling many biological and physiological processes associated with vegetation on the Earth's surface, such as photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, carbon and nutrient cycle and rainfall interception. LAI can be measured indirectly by sunfleck ceptometers in an easy and non-destructive way but this practical methodology tends to underestimated when measured by these instruments. Trying to correct this underestimation, some previous studies heave proposed the multiplication of the observed LAI value by a constant correction factor. The assumption of this work is LAI obtained from the allometric equations are not so problematic and can be used as a reference LAI to develop a new methodology to correct the ceptometer one. This new methodology indicates that the bias (the difference between the ceptometer and the reference LAI) is estimated as a function of the basal area per unit ground area and that bias is summed to the measured value. This study has proved that while the measured Pinus LAI needs a correction, there is no need for that correction for the Eucalyptus LAI. However, even for this last specie the proposed methodology gives closer estimations to the real LAI values.

scholarly journals Spatial and seasonal variations of leaf area index (LAI) in subtropical secondary forests related to floristic composition and stand characters

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjuan Zhu ◽  
Wenhua Xiang ◽  
Qiong Pan ◽  
Yelin Zeng ◽  
Shuai Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Subtropical Forests

Abstract. Leaf area index (LAI) is an important parameter related to carbon, water and energy exchange between canopy and atmosphere, and is widely applied in the process models to simulate production and hydrological cycle in forest ecosystems. However, fine-scale spatial heterogeneity of LAI and its controlling factors have not been fully understood in Chinese subtropical forests. We used hemispherical photography to measure LAI values in three subtropical forests (i.e. Pinus massoniana – Lithocarpus glaber coniferous and evergreen broadleaved mixed forests, Choerospondias axillaris deciduous broadleaved forests, and L. glaber – Cyclobalanopsis glauca evergreen broadleaved forests) during period from April, 2014 to January, 2015. Spatial heterogeneity of LAI and its controlling factors were analysed by using geostatistics method the generalised additive models (GAMs), respectively. Our results showed that LAI values differed greatly in the three forests and their seasonal variations were consistent with plant phenology. LAI values exhibited strong spatial autocorrelation for three forests measured in January and for the L. glaber – C. glauca forest in April, July and October. Obvious patch distribution pattern of LAI values occurred in three forests during the non-growing period and this pattern gradually dwindled in the growing season. Stand basal area, crown coverage, crown width, proportion of deciduous species on basal area basis and forest types affected the spatial variations in LAI values in January, while species richness, crown coverage, stem number and forest types affected the spatial variations in LAI values in July. Floristic composition, spatial heterogeneity and seasonal variations should be considered for sampling strategy in indirect LAI measurement and application of LAI to simulate functional processes in subtropical forests.

scholarly journals Influence of phytotechnology on growth, production and leaf area index of black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) monocultures in Slovakia

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 213-224
Author(s):  
F. Tokár ◽  
E. Krekulová
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Black Walnut ◽  
Juglans Nigra ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Growth Production ◽  
Crown Thinning

In the paper we evaluate the influence of crown thinning with positive selection, different intensity (moderate PRP III and heavy PRP IV) and 5-year frequency on development of growth, production, quality and leaf area index of black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) monocultures growing on the series of three permanent research plots (PRP) Sikenica (Levice Forest Enterprise, Levice Forest District) as observed in 1978&ndash;2003. The trends of development of mean stem, basal area, standing volume and aboveground dendromass (in dry matter) were mainly influenced by heavy crown thinning. The index of growth was as follows: basal area 169.01%, standing volume 262.12%, aboveground dendromass (in dry matter) 324.48%. At the age of 64 years the black walnut monocultures tended by heavy crown thinning had the following parameters: basal area 31.03 m<sup>2</sup>/ha, standing volume 463.88 m<sup>3</sup>/ha and aboveground dendromass 194.98 t/ha. Mean periodic increment reached the values: basal area 0.51 m<sup>2</sup>/ha/year, standing volume 11.48 m<sup>3</sup>/ha/year and dendromass 5.39 t/ha/year. The index of increment percent growth was: basal area + 31.75%, growing stock + 30.85% and dendromass + 0.79%, compared to the control. The total production was also significantly influenced by heavy thinning. At the stand age of 64 years the tended stands had the total basal area of 4.92 m<sup>2</sup>/ha, total volume production of 572.77 m<sup>3</sup>/ha and total weight production of 246.04 t/ha. The total mean increment of basal area is 0.67 m<sup>2</sup>/ha/year, of volume 8.95 m<sup>3</sup>/ha/year and of weight 3.84 t/ha/year, which is by 24.07%, 23.96% and 16.01% more than on the control plot. The leaf area index at the age of 64 years ranges from 6.54 ha/ha (PRP III) to 7.82 ha/ha (PRP V). Dendrochronological analyses revealed minimum widths of annual rings in the years 1952, 1961, 1968, 1971, 1975, 1981, 1983, 1985, 1993, 2000, maximum ones in 1951, 1957, 1959, 1967, 1974, 1979, 1982, 1984, 1989, 1999.

scholarly journals Leaf area index estimation of even-aged oak (Quercus petraea) forests using in situ stand dendrometric parameters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Briere Maxime ◽  
Christophe Francois ◽  
Francois Lebourgeois ◽  
Ingrid Seynave ◽  
Francois Ningre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Net Productivity

The leaf area index (LAI) is a key characteristic of forest stand aboveground net productivity (ANP), and many methods have been developed to estimate the LAI. However, every method has flaws, e.g., methods may be destructive, require means or time and/or show intrinsic bias and estimation errors. A relationship using basal area (G) and stand age to estimate LAI was proposed by Sonohat et al. (2004). We used literature data in addition to data form measurements campaign made in the northern half of France to build a data set with large ranges of pedoclimatic conditions, stand age and measured LAI. We validated the Sonohat et al. (2004) relationship and attempted to improve or modify it using other stand/dendrometric characteristics that could be predictors of the LAI. The result is a series of three models using the G, age and/or quadratic mean diameter (Dg), and the models were able to estimate the LAI of an oak only even-aged forest stand with good confidence (root mean square error, RMSE < 0.75) While G is the main predictor here, age and Dg could be used conjointly or exclusively given the available data, with variable precision in the estimations. Although these models could not, by construction, relate to the interannual variability of the LAI, they may provide the theoretical LAI of an untouched forest (no meteorological, biotic or anthropogenic perturbation) in recent years. additionally, the use of this model may be more interesting than an LAI measurement campaign, depending on the means to be invested in such a campaign.

The role of stand density on growth efficiency, leaf area index, and resin flow in southwestern ponderosa pine forests

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nate G. McDowell ◽  
Henry D. Adams ◽  
John D. Bailey ◽  
Thomas E. Kolb
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Growth Efficiency ◽  
Resin Flow ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Sapwood Area ◽  
Ponderosa Pine Forests

We examined the response of growth efficiency (GE), leaf area index (LAI), and resin flow (RF) to stand density manipulations in ponderosa pine ( Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) forests of northern Arizona, USA. The study used a 40 year stand density experiment including seven replicated basal area (BA) treatments ranging from 7 to 45 m2·ha–1. Results were extended to the larger region using published and unpublished datasets on ponderosa pine RF. GE was quantified using basal area increment (BAI), stemwood production (NPPs), or volume increment (VI) per leaf area (Al) or sapwood area (As). GE per Al was positively correlated with BA, regardless of numerator (BAI/Al, NPPs/Al, and VI/Al; r2 = 0.84, 0.95, and 0.96, respectively). GE per As exhibited variable responses to BA. Understory LAI increased with decreasing BA; however, total (understory plus overstory) LAI was not correlated with BA, GE, or RF. Opposite of the original research on this subject, resin flow was negatively related to GE per Al because Al/As ratios decline with increasing BA. BAI, and to a lesser degree BA, predicted RF better than growth efficiency, suggesting that the simplest measurement with the fewest assumptions (BAI) is also the best approach for predicting RF.

scholarly journals Structure, quality, production, LAI and dendrochronology of 100 years old Austrian pine (Pinus nigra ARNOLD) stand 

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
F. Tokár ◽  
E. Krekulová
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Annual Ring Width

The paper evaluates the growth, structure, production, quality, leaf area index and dendrochronology of 100 years old Austrian pine (Pinus nigra ARNOLD) monoculture situated in the forest type group Fageto-Quercetum in the locality Horn&eacute; Lefantovce (Nitrianska Streda Forest District, Topoľčianky Forest Enterprise). Codominant trees, trees with stem of high quality, with medium-sized crown, medium dense and straight crown are the most abundant in the stand. The tree number in the stand is 1,024 trees/ha, basal area 51.75 m2/ha, growing stock 571.56 m3/ha, aboveground biomass stock 348.76 t/ha and leaf area index 21.85 ha/ha. Dendrochronological analyses examined the response in individual sample trees and minimum annual ring width was found in 1920, 1922, 1925, 1929, 1933, 1938, 1944, 1946, 1947, 1949, 1952, 1954, 1963, 1968, 1976, 1982, 1990, 1993, 1998, 2001. Marked maximum values of annual ring width in the years 1919, 1923, 1926, 1930, 1936, 1937, 1941, 1948, 1951, 1955, 1959, 1966, 1972, 1975, 1980, 1985, 1997 were found as a positive productive feature. Beginning in the year 1993, dry Austrian pine trees occurred in the stand as a result of&nbsp;the fungal infection by Sphaeropsis sapinea (Fr.) Dyko et Sutton.

Foliage and canopy characteristics in relation to aboveground dry matter increment of seven jack pine provenances

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Magnussen ◽  
V. G. Smith ◽  
C. W. Yeatman
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Area Index

This paper reports on foliage and tree size data collected in 1984 in an Ontario Pinusbanksiana Lamb, (jack pine) provenance trial established in 1954 at the Petawawa National Forestry Institute, Chalk River, Ont. The ratio of total needle area to needle dry weight of seven provenances showed a substantial within-tree, between-tree, and between-provenance variation that was associated with position within the tree and the average provenance tree size. Provenance mean values ranged from 11.7 to 14.3 m2/kg. The highest values were found in the tallest trees. Tree size and dry matter content varied significantly among provenances, but the relative growth rates of stem volume and aboveground biomass between the ages of 29 and 34 years averaged 5.7 and 4.9% per year in all provenances respectively. Aboveground dry matter production per hectare per year increased linearly with increasing projected leaf area index. The average increase was 1.9 t dry matter per l m2 increase in the leaf area index. Projected leaf area indices for optimally stocked stands averaged 5.0 m2/m2. The results indicated an almost constant net assimilation rate of 1.9 g aboveground dry matter per square decimetre of projected foliage per year in all provenances. Canopy foliage area was strongly correlated with basal area at 1.3 m and stem cross-sectional area at the base of the live crown. Total foliage area per unit basal area averaged 0.31 m2/cm2 at breast height and 0.70 m2/cm2 in the live crown. No significant differences were found between provenances.

scholarly journals The relationship between leaf area and basal area growth in jack and red pine trees

1996 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Penner ◽  
Godelieve Deblonde
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Growth Efficiency ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Sapwood Area ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth

Relationships between leaf area and sapwood area, sapwood area and basal area, and leaf area and basal area growth are determined for jack pine and red pine. The relationships vary with species and stand origin. Growth efficiency (basal area growth per unit leaf area) is relatively independent of tree size under all but the densest conditions. Observed changes in the leaf area to leaf mass ratio from July to October indicate that allometric relationships vary seasonally. A procedure is outlined for obtaining estimates of stand leaf area index (LAI). These estimates may be used to calibrate instruments that measure LAI and, subsequently, to predict forest productivity. Key words: leaf area index, basal area, growth efficiency, red pine, jack pine, sapwood area

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