scholarly journals Conducting a ‘manual examination’ of a device as part of a digital investigation

2022 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 301331
Author(s):  
Graeme Horsman
Author(s):  
Matthew N.O. Sadiku ◽  
Adebowale E. Shadare ◽  
Sarhan M. Musa

Digital chain of custody is the record of preservation of digital evidence from collection to presentation in the court of law. This is an essential part of digital investigation process.  Its key objective is to ensure that the digital evidence presented to the court remains as originally collected, without tampering. The chain of custody is important for admissible evidence in court. Without a chain of custody, the opposing attorney can challenge or dismiss the evidence presented. The aim of this paper is to provide a brief introduction to the concept of digital chain custody.


2020 ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Anna Dedurina

In recent years, manual therapy has been increasingly used. This was facilitated by the scientific justification of the method, wellestablished training of specialists, good results of manual diagnostics and therapy of patients. Manual medicine is a system of diagnostic and therapeutic manual techniques aimed at identifying and treating disorders of the musculoskeletal system, manifested in the form of functional joint blockages, hypermobility and regional postural muscle imbalance. In addition to nosological diagnosis, manual examination data are of great importance for successful treatment. Manual diagnostics is a method aimed at detecting disorders in the spine, muscles and joints, as well as ligaments of the human body. The main task of diagnostics is to establish a differential diagnosis between diseases of the spine and joints and other nosological forms. Timely manual diagnostics with the use of manual therapy technologies helps to increase the effectiveness of complex treatment and helps to avoid complications and disability at an early age.


2019 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Eoghan Casey ◽  
Zeno Geradts ◽  
Bruce Nikkel

2004 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Conradie ◽  
E. Smit ◽  
M. Louw ◽  
M. Prinsloo ◽  
L. Loubser ◽  
...  

Background and purpose: Physiotherapists frequently use central posterior-anterior (PA) joint mobilization techniques for assessing and managing spinal disorders. Manual examination findings provide the basis for the selection of treatment techniques. From the literature it is evident that the level of reliability varies when physiotherapists perform different mobilization techniques. Repeatability of mobilization techniques is important for better physiotherapy management. The aim of the study was to determine whether experienced physiotherapists apply equal magnitude of force during a grade I central PA mobilisation technique on the cervical spine. Another aim was to determine the variation in the magnitude of forceapplied by each individual physiotherapist. Subjects: Sample of convenience, consisting of sixteen (n=16) selected qualified physiotherapists with experience inOrthopaedic Manual Therapy.Methods: A grade I central PA was performed on the Flexiforce TM sensors positioned on C6 of the same asymptomatic model to measure the applied magnitude of force. Two separate measurements, each lasting 30-seconds, were obtained.Results: The average maximum peak force applied by the majority of physiotherapists (87.5%) was between 10.95gand 72g. The difference in the forces applied for the two measurements ranged between 0.64g and 24.4g. The BlandAltman scatterplot determined the mean of the difference between measurement one and two, calculated for the group, was zero. When comparing the two measurements, little variation was noted in the forces applied, as well as the coefficient of variation for each physiotherapist.Conclusion and Discussion: Current results demonstrated good intra-therapist and moderate to good inter-therapist repeatability. Further research is required to generalize results.


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