scholarly journals DOES THE HETEROTROPHIC SYSTEM INFLUENCE THE CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE OF Litopenaeus vannamei SHRIMP? IN VITRO PHAGOCYTOSIS INDICES AND SUPEROXIDE ANION PRODUCTION COMPARISONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 100009
Author(s):  
Renata S. Iunes ◽  
Paola C. Branco ◽  
Leandro N. Pressinotti ◽  
Rodrigo A.P. de L.F. de Carvalho ◽  
José Roberto M.C. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Superoxide Anion Production ◽  
Anion Production ◽  
Cellular Immune

Polysaccharides from the green alga Caulerpa racemosa (Agardh, 1873) improve the immune response and antioxidant status in the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) (Dendrobranchiata, Penaeidae)

Crustaceana ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-632
Author(s):  
Po-Tsang Lee ◽  
Meng-Chou Lee ◽  
Yi-Tien Ho ◽  
Zhen-Hao Liao ◽  
Huai-Ting Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Caulerpa Racemosa ◽  
Superoxide Anion Production ◽  
Anion Production

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Caulerpa racemosa (Agardh, 1873) polysaccharides (CRP) on non-specific immunity of the white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931). The extracted polysaccharide consists of galactose, glucose, and mannose. Total polyphenolic compound and total flavonoids content in CRP were determined. In vitro CRP treatment did not alter cell viability of haemocytes and significantly activated phenoloxidase (PO) activity, superoxide anion production capacity, phagocytic rate, and index in haemocytes. Immune parameters, such as total haemocyte count, PO activity, phagocytosis, and superoxide anion production, were significantly elevated in CRP-fed shrimp during the rearing period. Malondialdehyde levels in the hepatopancreas of CRP-fed shrimp were lower than in control shrimp from day 7 to day 28. These results show that CRP exhibits antioxidant activity and can activate immune responses of white shrimp in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, CRP can be considered a functional feed additive to improve white shrimp immunity.

Exposure of surfactant protein A to ozone in vitro and in vivo impairs its interactions with alveolar cells

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (1) ◽  
pp. L63-L68 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Oosting ◽  
J. F. Van Iwaarden ◽  
L. Van Bree ◽  
J. Verhoef ◽  
L. M. Van Golde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Surfactant Protein ◽  
Surfactant Protein A ◽  
Alveolar Type ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Superoxide Anion Production ◽  
Anion Production

This study focused on the question of whether exposure of surfactant protein A (SP-A) to ozone affected properties of this protein that may be involved in regulating alveolar type II cell and alveolar macrophage functions. In vitro exposure of human or canine SP-A to ozone reduced the ability of this protein to inhibit phorbol-ester induced secretion of [3H]phosphatidylcholine by alveolar type II cells in culture. Ozone-exposed human SP-A showed a decreased ability to enhance phagocytosis of herpes simplex virus and to stimulate superoxide anion production by alveolar macrophages. Experiments with elastase showed that ozone-exposed canine SP-A was more susceptible to proteolysis. A conformational change of the protein could underlie this phenomenon. Surfactant isolated from ozone-exposed rats (0.4 ppm ozone for 12 h) was also less able to stimulate superoxide anion production by alveolar macrophages than surfactant from control rats, which suggested that SP-A in vivo was also susceptible to ozone. The results of this study suggest that SP-A-alveolar cell interactions can be inhibited by ozone exposure, which may contribute to the toxicity of ozone in the lungs.

scholarly journals Mitochondria Superoxide Anion Production Contributes to Geranylgeraniol-Induced Death inLeishmania amazonensis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milene Valéria Lopes ◽  
Vânia Cristina Desoti ◽  
Angelo de Oliveira Caleare ◽  
Tânia Ueda-Nakamura ◽  
Sueli Oliveira Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Superoxide Anion Production ◽  
Human Blood Cells ◽  
Anion Production ◽  
Bioactive Constituent ◽  
Intracellular Amastigote

Here we demonstrate the activity of geranylgeraniol, the major bioactive constituent from seeds ofBixa orellana, againstLeishmania amazonensis. Geranylgeraniol was identified through1H and13C nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and DEPT. The compound inhibited the promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms, with IC50of11±1.0and17.5±0.7 μg/mL, respectively. This compound was also more toxic to parasites than to macrophages and did not cause lysis in human blood cells. Morphological and ultrastructural changes induced by geranylgeraniol were observed in the protozoan by electronic microscopy and included mainly mitochondria alterations and an abnormal chromatin condensation in the nucleus. These alterations were confirmed by Rh 123 and TUNEL assays. Additionally, geranylgeraniol induces an increase in superoxide anion production. Collectively, ourin vitrostudies indicate geranylgeraniol as a selective antileishmanial that appears to be mediated by apoptosis-like cell death.

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