The Woronin body in the nematophagous fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora is essential for trap formation and efficient pathogenesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianming Liang ◽  
Hong Gao ◽  
Jinzhou Li ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
Zhiheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nematophagous Fungus ◽  
Arthrobotrys Oligospora ◽  
Trap Formation ◽  
Woronin Body

Carbohydrate/lectin interactions between the nematophagous fungus,Arthrobotrys oligospora, and the infective juveniles ofTrichostrongylus colubriformis(Nematoda)

Parasitology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Wharton ◽  
D. S. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Lectin Binding ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Nematophagous Fungus ◽  
Infective Juvenile ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding ◽  
Slow Process ◽  
Arthrobotrys Oligospora ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Lectin Binding Sites

SUMMARYRemoval of the sheath of the ensheathed infective juvenile ofTrichostrongylus colubriformisprevents capture by the nematophagous fungusArthrobotrys oligospora. Exposure of the trap hyphae to a variety of saccharides, which may block a recognition system based on lectin/carbohydrate binding, failed to prevent capture but some saccharides did inhibit penetration and invasion by the fungus. Capture and penetration thus appear to be two distinct processes with capture being less specific than penetration. Carbohydrate residues were absent from the outer surface of the cuticle and the sheath but were present on the inner surface of the sheath. The limited accessibility of these lectin-binding sites may explain the slow process of infection of the infective juvenile by the fungus. The sheath does not protect the infective juvenile against attack by this nematophagous fungus.

scholarly journals Thioredoxin1 regulates conidia formation, hyphal growth, and trap formation in the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 1267-1274
Author(s):  
Ji-ai Wang ◽  
Xiaowei Huang ◽  
Shanzhuang Niu ◽  
Zhihong Hu ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Arthrobotrys Oligospora ◽  
Trap Formation

A Nematotoxin produced by the Nematophagous Fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora Fresenius

Nature ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 197 (4866) ◽  
pp. 514-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
TH. H. A. OLTHOF ◽  
R. H. ESTEY
Keyword(s):  
Nematophagous Fungus ◽  
Arthrobotrys Oligospora

scholarly journals Genomic and Proteomic Analyses of the Fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora Provide Insights into Nematode-Trap Formation

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e1002179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinkui Yang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Xinglai Ji ◽  
Yun Feng ◽  
Xiaomin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arthrobotrys Oligospora ◽  
Trap Formation ◽  
Proteomic Analyses

scholarly journals AoBck1 and AoMkk1 Are Necessary to Maintain Cell Wall Integrity, Vegetative Growth, Conidiation, Stress Resistance, and Pathogenicity in the Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meihua Xie ◽  
Jiangliu Yang ◽  
Kexin Jiang ◽  
Na Bai ◽  
Meichen Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Nucleus ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Cell Wall Integrity ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Cell Wall Synthesis ◽  
Arthrobotrys Oligospora ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Woronin Body

The cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway is composed of three mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), Bck1, Mkk1/2, and Slt2, and is one of the main signaling pathways for fungal pathogenesis, cell wall synthesis, and integrity maintenance. In this study, we characterized orthologs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bck1 and Mkk1 in the nematode-trapping (NT) fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora by multiple phenotypic comparison, and the regulation of conidiation and cell wall synthesis was analyzed using real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Both ΔAoBck1 and ΔAoMkk1 mutants showed severe defects in vegetative growth, cell nucleus number, and stress resistance. Both the mutants were unable to produce spores, and the transcription of several genes associated with sporulation and cell wall biosynthesis was markedly downregulated during the conidiation stage. Further, cell walls of the ΔAoBck1 and ΔAoMkk1 mutants were severely damaged, and the Woronin body failed to respond to cellular damage. In particular, the mutants lost the ability to produce mycelial traps for nematode predation. Taken together, AoBck1 and AoMkk1 play a conserved role in mycelial growth and development, CWI, conidiation, multi-stress tolerance, trap formation, and pathogenicity. We highlighted the role of AoBck1 and AoMkk1 in regulating the Woronin body response to cellular damage and cell nucleus development in A. oligospora.

scholarly journals Nematophagous fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora mimics olfactory cues of sex and food to lure its nematode prey

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Ping Hsueh ◽  
Matthew R Gronquist ◽  
Erich M Schwarz ◽  
Ravi David Nath ◽  
Ching-Han Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nematophagous Fungus ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Arthrobotrys Oligospora ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Multiple Receptors ◽  
Caenorhabditis Species ◽  
Chromatographic Mass

To study the molecular basis for predator-prey coevolution, we investigated how Caenorhabditis elegans responds to the predatory fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora. C. elegans and other nematodes were attracted to volatile compounds produced by A. oligospora. Gas-chromatographic mass-spectral analyses of A. oligospora-derived volatile metabolites identified several odors mimicking food cues attractive to nematodes. One compound, methyl 3-methyl-2-butenoate (MMB) additionally triggered strong sex- and stage-specific attraction in several Caenorhabditis species. Furthermore, when MMB is present, it interferes with nematode mating, suggesting that MMB might mimic sex pheromone in Caenorhabditis species. Forward genetic screening suggests that multiple receptors are involved in sensing MMB. Response to fungal odors involves the olfactory neuron AWCs. Single-cell RNA-seq revealed the GPCRs expressed in AWC. We propose that A. oligospora likely evolved the means to use olfactory mimicry to attract its nematode prey through the olfactory neurons in C. elegans and related species.

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