scholarly journals Medial-lateral centre of mass displacement and base of support are equally good predictors of metabolic cost in amputee walking

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Weinert-Aplin ◽  
M. Twiste ◽  
H.L. Jarvis ◽  
A.N. Bennett ◽  
R.J. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Mass Displacement ◽  
Base Of Support

scholarly journals A novel Movement Amplification environment reveals effects of controlling lateral centre of mass motion on gait stability and metabolic cost

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 190889
Author(s):  
Mengnan/Mary Wu ◽  
Geoffrey L. Brown ◽  
Jane L. Woodward ◽  
Sjoerd M. Bruijn ◽  
Keith E. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Mass Motion ◽  
Step Width ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Cost Of Transport ◽  
Gait Patterns ◽  
Gait Stability ◽  
Foot Placement ◽  
Base Of Support ◽  
Healthy Participants

During human walking, the centre of mass (COM) laterally oscillates, regularly transitioning its position above the two alternating support limbs. To maintain upright forward-directed walking, lateral COM excursion should remain within the base of support, on average. As necessary, humans can modify COM motion through various methods, including foot placement. How the nervous system controls these oscillations and the costs associated with control are not fully understood. To examine how lateral COM motions are controlled, healthy participants walked in a ‘Movement Amplification’ force field that increased lateral COM momentum in a manner dependent on the participant's own motion (forces were applied to the pelvis proportional to and in the same direction as lateral COM velocity). We hypothesized that metabolic cost to control lateral COM motion would increase with the gain of the field. In the Movement Amplification field, participants were significantly less stable than during baseline walking. Stability significantly decreased as the field gain increased. Participants also modified gait patterns, including increasing step width, which increased the metabolic cost of transport as the field gain increased. These results support previous research suggesting that humans modulate foot placement to control lateral COM motion, incurring a metabolic cost.

Influence of gait pattern on the body's centre of mass displacement in children with cerebral palsy

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firas Massaad ◽  
Frédéric Dierick ◽  
Adélaïde van den Hecke ◽  
Christine Detrembleur
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Mass Displacement

scholarly journals Discriminant validity of 3D joint kinematics and centre of mass displacement measured by inertial sensor technology during the unipodal stance task

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. e0232513
Author(s):  
R. van der Straaten ◽  
M. Wesseling ◽  
I. Jonkers ◽  
B. Vanwanseele ◽  
A. K. B. D. Bruijnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Joint Kinematics ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Mass Displacement

Centre of mass displacement in children with spastic cerebral palsy: The effect of serial casting

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. S171-S172
Author(s):  
Anne McNee ◽  
Jean-Pierre Lin ◽  
Elspeth Will ◽  
Linda Eve ◽  
Martin Gough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Serial Casting ◽  
Mass Displacement

scholarly journals Influence of gait pattern on the body's centre of mass displacement in children with cerebral palsy

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 674-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firas Massaad ◽  
Frédéric Dierick ◽  
Adélaïde Van Den Hecke ◽  
Christine Detrembleur
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Mass Displacement

Body configuration as a predictor of centre of mass displacement in a forward reactive step

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 292-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Armstrong ◽  
Steven P. Pretty ◽  
Tyler B. Weaver ◽  
Andrew C. Laing
Keyword(s):  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Mass Displacement

scholarly journals Changes in Gait Kinematic Parameters after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury during Post-Acute Rehabilitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rima Solianik ◽  
Gražina Krutulytė ◽  
Vaida Aleknavičiūtė ◽  
Dovilė Parulytė
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Gait Quality ◽  
Mass Displacement

Changes in gait after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are very important for evaluation, clinical reasoning and forintervention programs. Most studies analyze gait during acute phase, but there is lack of information during post-acute period. The aim of the research was to determine gait biomechanical joint angles and centre of mass displacement changes during post-acute TBI rehabilitation. Participant was a 21-year-old male, after severe TBI, 2 years after trauma. Biomechanical joints angles and centre of mass displacement changes were observed during 3D gait analysis. The subject was asked to walk straight 6 meters, 18 times at his preferred comfortable pace. During walking 1–2 minute breaks were made. Intensive 5 week program was composed of physiotherapy (3 times per week) and yoga (2 times per week). Physiotherapy included stretching, coordination, balance and weight-bearing exercises. Yoga was performed to built core stability, train flexibility and diminish muscle tone. After 5 week rehabilitation statistically significant changes were observed in the centre of mass displacement and in lower extremities and lumbar biomechanics (p < 0.05). After procedures trunk flexion and trunk lateral flexion, lateral pelvic tilt increased, while anterior pelvic tilt decreased (p < 0.05). Hip extension at terminal stance increased, as well while hip adduction in stance phase decreased (p < 0.05). Statistically significant reduction was observed in knee flexion at initial contact, mid-stance and midswing phase (p < 0.05). Prevalent knee flexion at initial contact, observed before rehabilitation, decreased after it (p < 0.05). After the procedure lateral centre of mass displacement decreased and vertical centre of mass displacement increased (p < 0.05). Five weeks of rehabilitation composed of traditional physiotherapy and yoga is effective for gait quality treatment. However, further research is necessary to determine gait biomechanical joint angles and dynamic balance improvements during severe post-acute TBI.Keywords: head injury, walking, balance.

scholarly journals Does an inverted pendulum model represent the gait of individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation while walking over level ground?

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerda Strutzenberger ◽  
Nathalie Alexander ◽  
Alan De Asha ◽  
Hermann Schwameder ◽  
Cleveland Thomas Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Inverted Pendulum ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Transfemoral Amputation ◽  
Prosthetic Device ◽  
Relative Time ◽  
Prosthetic Limb ◽  
Inverted Pendulum Model ◽  
Pendulum Model

Background: An inverted pendulum model represents the mechanical function of able-bodied individuals walking accurately, with centre of mass height and forward velocity data plotting as sinusoidal curves, 180° out of phase. Objectives: This study investigated whether the inverted pendulum model represented level gait in individuals with a unilateral transfemoral amputation. Study Design: Controlled trial. Methods: Kinematic and kinetic data from 10 individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation and 15 able-bodied participants were recorded during level walking. Results: During level walking, the inverted pendulum model described able-bodied gait well throughout the gait cycle, with median relative time shifts between centre of mass height and velocity maxima and minima between 1.2% and 1.8% of gait cycle. In the group with unilateral transfemoral amputation, the relative time shift was significantly increased during the prosthetic-limb initial double-limb support phase by 6.3%. Conclusion: The gait of individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation shows deviation from a synchronous inverted pendulum model during prosthetic-limb stance. The reported divergence may help explain such individuals’ increased metabolic cost of gait. Temporal divergence of inverted pendulum behaviour could potentially be utilised as a tool to assess the efficacy of prosthetic device prescription. Clinical relevance The size of the relative time shifts between centre of mass height and velocity maxima and minima could potentially be used as a tool to quantify the efficacy of innovative prosthetic device design features aimed at reducing the metabolic cost of walking and improving gait efficiency in individuals with amputation.

Evidence for constancy in the modularity of trunk muscle activity preceding reaching: Implications for the role of preparatory postural activity.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Stamenkovic ◽  
Lena H Ting ◽  
Paul J Stapley
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Trunk Muscle ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Equilibrium Constraints ◽  
Postural Adjustments ◽  
Postural Activity ◽  
Postural Muscle ◽  
Mass Displacement ◽  
Base Of Support

Postural muscle activity precedes voluntary movements of the upper limbs. The traditional view of this activity is that it anticipates perturbations to balance caused by the movement of a limb. However, findings from reach-based paradigms have shown that postural adjustments can initiate center of mass displacement for mobility, rather than minimize its displacement for stability. Within this context, altering reaching distance beyond the base of support would place increasing constraints on equilibrium during stance. If the underlying composition of anticipatory postural activity is linked to stability, coordination between muscles (i.e., motor modules) may evolve differently as equilibrium constraints increase. We analyzed the composition of motor modules in functional trunk muscles as participants performed multi-directional reaching movements to targets within and beyond arm's length. Bilateral trunk and reaching arm muscle activity were recorded. Despite different trunk requirements necessary for successful movement, and the changing biomechanical (i.e. postural) constraints that accompany alterations in reach distance, Non-negative Matrix Factorization identified functional motor modules derived from preparatory trunk muscle activity that shared common features. Relative similarity in modular weightings (i.e., composition) and spatial activation profiles that reflect movement goals across tasks necessitating differing levels of trunk involvement provides evidence that preparatory postural adjustments are linked to the same task priorities (i.e. movement generation rather than stability).

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