gait quality
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2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Sizhe An ◽  
Yigit Tuncel ◽  
Toygun Basaklar ◽  
Gokul K. Krishnakumar ◽  
Ganapati Bhat ◽  
...  

Movement disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease, affect more than 10 million people worldwide. Gait analysis is a critical step in the diagnosis and rehabilitation of these disorders. Specifically, step and stride lengths provide valuable insights into the gait quality and rehabilitation process. However, traditional approaches for estimating step length are not suitable for continuous daily monitoring since they rely on special mats and clinical environments. To address this limitation, this article presents a novel and practical step-length estimation technique using low-power wearable bend and inertial sensors. Experimental results show that the proposed model estimates step length with 5.49% mean absolute percentage error and provides accurate real-time feedback to the user.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 162-162
Author(s):  
Jessie VanSwearingen ◽  
Mark Redfern ◽  
Ervin Sejdic ◽  
Andrea Rosso ◽  
Anisha Suri

Abstract Community mobility involves walking with physical and cognitive challenges. In older adults (N=116; results here from initial analyses: N=29, Age=75±5 years, 51% females), we assessed gait speed and smoothness (harmonic-ratio) while walking on even and uneven surfaces, with or without an alternate alphabeting dual-task (ABC). ANOVA assessed surface and dual-task effects; Pearson correlations compared gait with global cognition and executive function composite z-scores. The four conditions (even, uneven, even-ABC and uneven-ABC) affected speed(m/s) (0.97±0.14 vs 0.90±0.15 vs 0.83±0.17 vs 0.79±0.16). Smoothness (2.19±0.48 vs 1.89±0.38 vs 1.92±0.53 vs 1.7±0.43) was affected by only surface (controlled for speed). Greater speed was associated with better global cognition(ρ=0.47 to 0.49, p<0.05) for all conditions and with better executive function for even-ABC(ρ=0.39, p=0.04) and uneven-ABC(ρ=0.40, p=0.03). Executive function was associated with smoothness during even(ρp=-0.42, p=0.03) and uneven(ρp=-0.39, p=0.04) walking. Type of walking challenge differentially affects gait quality and associations with cognitive function.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 987-987
Author(s):  
Emma Baillargeon ◽  
Anisha Suri ◽  
Nemin Chen ◽  
Xiaonan Zhu ◽  
Caterina Rosano ◽  
...  

Abstract Prefrontal cortical activation varies by walking task and is a marker of attentional demand. We compared prefrontal activation by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to accelerometry-derived gait quality. We hypothesized greater activation with lower gait quality (greater step-time coefficient-of-variation, decreased cadence, smoothness, regularity, and signal variability). Participants (n=114; age 74.4±6.0 years, 59.6% female) were independently ambulating individuals >64 years. Attentional (reciting every-other alphabet letter) and physical (uneven surface) challenges mimicked community mobility and provided four 15m walking conditions: even, uneven, ABC-even, and ABC-uneven. fNIRS data were referenced to quiet standing and averaged within left and right hemispheres. Gait metrics from a tri-axial accelerometer at the lower-back included cadence (steps/min), step-time coefficient-of-variation, signal variability (standard deviation), smoothness (harmonic ratio), and regularity (entropy). Associations between fNIRS and gait were quantified using Pearson correlations (α=0.05). Results were consistent across hemispheres, gait axes, and robust to adjustment for age and gait speed; we report unadjusted coefficients for left hemisphere and anterior-posterior gait direction. Greater prefrontal activation was associated with slower cadence (r=-0.220, p=0.019), lower signal variability (r=-0.228, p=0.015), and reduced smoothness (r=-0.194, p=0.039) during ABC-even. No relation was observed for step-time coefficient-of-variation or regularity. Results were similar for the ABC-uneven condition, except there was no association with gait smoothness but was with step-time coefficient-of-variation (r=0.25, p=0.007). Prefrontal activation was not correlated to gait quality in non-ABC conditions. Our findings support our hypothesis only during the ABC challenge, suggesting that older adults may rely on prefrontal activation to complete attentional but not physical challenges during gait.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 161-161
Author(s):  
Qu Tian ◽  
Andrea Rosso ◽  
Caterina Rosano

Abstract Over two decades of research has established brain aging as a critical component of mobility decline. Studies consistently report that motor slowing predicts cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases, but reported associations are often modest. Both mobility and brain aging are complex processes and steady-state assessments are typically used (usual pace gait and structural MRI). We aim to elucidate the complex relations between brain aging and mobility by considering (a) strategies to maintain function such as interlacing periods of activity and rest (fractionation), (b) interventions that target brain and body (motor skill training), (c) multimodal neuroimaging (functional connectivity and cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD)), (d) challenged walking (dual-tasks, uneven surfaces), and (e) reduced resources (hearing loss). This symposium focuses on community-dwelling older adults from observational and intervention studies using state-of-the-art and real-life assessments of gait (quality and fragmentation by tri-axial accelerometry) and brain (near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), resting-state functional MRI). First, we examine activity strategies that modify the relation between slow gait and AD risk (Tian). Second, using fNIRS, we investigate the extent to which motor skill training increases automaticity of gait (Chen). Third, we examine how functional connectivity may compensate for the detrimental effects of cSVD on mild parkinsonian signs (Hengenius). Fourth, we investigate the effects of challenged walking on gait quality and the relation with cognitive function (Suri). Finally, we demonstrate relations of hearing and cognition with mobility (Pupo). We seek to generate discussions on shared pathways underlying motor slowing and the aging brain and future prevention and intervention strategies.


Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1306
Author(s):  
Claude Fiifi Hayford ◽  
Emma Pratt ◽  
John P. Cashman ◽  
Owain G. Evans ◽  
Claudia Mazzà

Multibody optimisation approaches have not seen much use in routine clinical applications despite evidence of improvements in modelling through a reduction in soft tissue artifacts compared to the standard gait analysis technique of direct kinematics. To inform clinical use, this study investigated the consistency with which both approaches predicted post-surgical outcomes, using changes in Gait Profile Score (GPS) when compared to a clinical assessment of outcome that did not include the 3D gait data. Retrospective three-dimensional motion capture data were utilised from 34 typically developing children and 26 children with cerebral palsy who underwent femoral derotation osteotomies as part of Single Event Multi-Level Surgeries. Results indicated that while, as expected, the GPS estimated from the two methods were numerically different, they were strongly correlated (Spearman’s ρ = 0.93), and no significant differences were observed between their estimations of change in GPS after surgery. The two scores equivalently classified a worsening or improvement in the gait quality in 93% of the cases. When compared with the clinical classification of responders versus non-responders to the intervention, an equivalent performance was found for the two approaches, with 27/41 and 28/41 cases in agreement with the clinical judgement for multibody optimisation and direct kinematics, respectively. With this equivalent performance to the direct kinematics approach and the benefit of being less sensitive to skin artefact and allowing additional analysis such as estimation of musculotendon lengths and joint contact forces, multibody optimisation has the potential to improve the clinical decision-making process in children with cerebral palsy.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Keren ◽  
Monica Busse ◽  
Nora E. Fritz ◽  
Lisa M. Muratori ◽  
Eran Gazit ◽  
...  

Background: Huntington's disease (HD) leads to altered gait patterns and reduced daily-living physical activity. Accurate measurement of daily-living walking that takes into account involuntary movements (e.g. chorea) is needed.Objective: To evaluate daily-living gait quantity and quality in HD, taking into account irregular movements.Methods: Forty-two individuals with HD and fourteen age-matched non-HD peers completed clinic-based assessments and a standardized laboratory-based circuit of functional activities, wearing inertial measurement units on the wrists, legs, and trunk. These activities were used to train and test an algorithm for the automated detection of walking. Subsequently, 29 HD participants and 22 age-matched non-HD peers wore a tri-axial accelerometer on their non-dominant wrist for 7 days. Measures included gait quantity (e.g., steps per day), gait quality (e.g., regularity) metrics, and percentage of walking bouts with irregular movements.Results: Measures of daily-living gait quantity including step counts, walking time and bouts per day were similar in HD participants and non-HD peers (p > 0.05). HD participants with higher clinician-rated upper body chorea had a greater percentage of walking bouts with irregular movements compared to those with lower chorea (p = 0.060) and non-HD peers (p < 0.001). Even after accounting for irregular movements, within-bout walking consistency was lower in HD participants compared to non-HD peers (p < 0.001), while across-bout variability of these measures was higher (p < 0.001). Many of the daily-living measures were associated with disease-specific measures of motor function.Conclusions: Results suggest that a wrist-worn accelerometer can be used to evaluate the quantity and quality of daily-living gait in people with HD, while accounting for the influence of irregular (choreic-like) movements, and that gait features related to within- and across-bout consistency markedly differ in individuals with HD and non-HD peers.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Sara Emmanouilidis ◽  
Madeleine E. Hackney ◽  
Susan C Slade ◽  
Hazel Heng ◽  
Dana Jazayeri ◽  
...  

Objective. To evaluate the outcomes of face-to-face, digital, and virtual modes of dancing for people living with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Design. Systematic review informed by Cochrane and PRIMSA guidelines. Data Sources. Seven electronic databases were searched: AMED, Cochrane, PEDro, CINHAL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and MEDLINE. Methods. Eligible studies were randomised controlled trials (RCT) and other trials with quantitative data. The PEDro scale evaluated risk of bias for RCTs. Joanna Briggs Institute instruments were used to critically appraise non-RCTs. The primary outcome was the feasibility of dance interventions, and the secondary outcomes included gait, balance, quality of life, and disability. Results. The search yielded 8,327 articles after duplicates were removed and 38 met the inclusion criteria. Seven were at high risk of bias, 20 had moderate risk of bias, and 11 had low risk of bias. There was moderately strong evidence that dance therapy was beneficial for balance, gait, quality of life, and disability. There was good adherence to digital delivery of dance interventions and, for people with PD, online dance was easy to access. Conclusion. Dancing is an accessible form of exercise that can benefit mobility and quality of life in people with PD. The COVID-19 pandemic and this review have drawn attention to the benefits of access to digital modes of physical activity for people living with chronic neurological conditions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 269-270
Author(s):  
M. Thorning ◽  
H.H. Nielsen ◽  
L.H. Frich ◽  
K.L. Lambertsen ◽  
H.B. Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. e95
Author(s):  
Thasina Tabashum ◽  
Shou-Jen Wang ◽  
Karen Kruger ◽  
Joseph Krzak ◽  
Mark V. Albert
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel T. Mindler ◽  
Andreas Kranzl ◽  
Alexandra Stauffer ◽  
Roland Kocijan ◽  
Rudolf Ganger ◽  
...  

BackgroundX-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by lower limb deformity, gait and joint problems, and pain. Hence, quality of life is substantially impaired. This study aimed to assess lower limb deformity, specific radiographic changes, and gait deviations among adolescents and adults with XLH.DesignData on laboratory examination and gait analysis results were analyzed retrospectively. Deformities, osteoarthritis, pseudofractures, and enthesopathies on lower limb radiographs were investigated. Gait analysis findings were compared between the XLH group and the control group comprising healthy adults.Patients and ControlsRadiographic outcomes were assessed retrospectively in 43 patients with XLH (28 female, 15 male). Gait analysis data was available in 29 patients with confirmed XLH and compared to a healthy reference cohort (n=76).ResultsPatients with XLH had a lower gait quality compared to healthy controls (Gait deviation index GDI 65.9% +/- 16.2). About 48.3% of the study population presented with a greater lateral trunk lean, commonly referred to as waddling gait. A higher BMI and mechanical axis deviation of the lower limbs were associated with lower gait scores and greater lateral trunk lean. Patients with radiologic signs of enthesopathies had a lower GDI.ConclusionsThis study showed for the first time that lower limb deformity, BMI, and typical features of XLH such as enthesopathies negatively affected gait quality among adolescents and adults with XLH.


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