Minimal centre of pressure adjustments for recovering whole body angular momentum in gait

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 289-290
Author(s):  
M. Van Mierlo ◽  
M. Vlutters ◽  
E.H.F. van Asseldonk ◽  
H. van der Kooij
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Centre Of Pressure

scholarly journals Using Biofeedback to Reduce Step Length Asymmetry Impairs Dynamic Balance in People Poststroke

2021 ◽  
pp. 154596832110193
Author(s):  
Sungwoo Park ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Natalia Sánchez ◽  
Julie K. Tilson ◽  
Sara J. Mulroy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Functional Gait ◽  
Full Body

Background People poststroke often walk with a spatiotemporally asymmetric gait, due in part to sensorimotor impairments in the paretic lower extremity. Although reducing asymmetry is a common objective of rehabilitation, the effects of improving symmetry on balance are yet to be determined. Objective We established the concurrent validity of whole-body angular momentum as a measure of balance, and we determined if reducing step length asymmetry would improve balance by decreasing whole-body angular momentum. Methods We performed clinical balance assessments and measured whole-body angular momentum during walking using a full-body marker set in a sample of 36 people with chronic stroke. We then used a biofeedback-based approach to modify step length asymmetry in a subset of 15 of these individuals who had marked asymmetry and we measured the resulting changes in whole-body angular momentum. Results When participants walked without biofeedback, whole-body angular momentum in the sagittal and frontal plane was negatively correlated with scores on the Berg Balance Scale and Functional Gait Assessment supporting the validity of whole-body angular momentum as an objective measure of dynamic balance. We also observed that when participants walked more symmetrically, their whole-body angular momentum in the sagittal plane increased rather than decreased. Conclusions Voluntary reductions of step length asymmetry in people poststroke resulted in reduced measures of dynamic balance. This is consistent with the idea that after stroke, individuals might have an implicit preference not to deviate from their natural asymmetry while walking because it could compromise their balance. Clinical Trials Number: NCT03916562.

scholarly journals Whole-body angular momentum during step initiation in young and older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (sup1) ◽  
pp. S186-S187
Author(s):  
J. Begue ◽  
N. Peyrot ◽  
G. Dalleau ◽  
T. Caderby
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Step Initiation

scholarly journals Does Use of a Powered Ankle-foot Prosthesis Restore Whole-body Angular Momentum During Walking at Different Speeds?

2014 ◽  
Vol 472 (10) ◽  
pp. 3044-3054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan D’Andrea ◽  
Natalie Wilhelm ◽  
Anne K. Silverman ◽  
Alena M. Grabowski
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Whole Body

The Gait of Children With and Without Cerebral Palsy: Work, Energy, and Angular Momentum

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn Russell ◽  
Bradford Bennett ◽  
Pradip Sheth ◽  
Mark Abel
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mass Motion ◽  
Bipedal Locomotion ◽  
Kinematic Data ◽  
Internal Work ◽  
Body Energy

This paper describes a method to characterize gait pathologies like cerebral palsy using work, energy, and angular momentum. For a group of 24 children, 16 with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy and 8 typically developed, kinematic data were collected at the subjects self selected comfortable walking speed. From the kinematics, the work—internal, external, and whole body; energy—rotational and relative linear; and the angular momentum were calculated. Our findings suggest that internal work represents 53% and 40% respectively of the whole body work in gait for typically developed children and children with cerebral palsy. Analysis of the angular momentum of the whole body, and other subgroupings of body segments, revealed a relationship between increased angular momentum and increased internal work. This relationship allows one to use angular momentum to assist in determining the kinetics and kinematics of gait which contribute to increased internal work. Thus offering insight to interventions which can be applied to increase the efficiency of bipedal locomotion, by reducing internal work which has no direct contribution to center of mass motion, in both normal and pathologic populations.

scholarly journals Manual stabilization reveals a transient role for balance control during locomotor adaptation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungwoo Park ◽  
James M. Finley
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Bipedal Walking ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Arm Swing ◽  
Angular Momenta ◽  
After Effect ◽  
Potential Factor

AbstractA fundamental feature of human locomotor control is the need to adapt our walking pattern in response to changes in the environment. For example, when people walk on a split-belt treadmill which has belts that move at different speeds, they adapt to the asymmetric speed constraints by reducing their spatiotemporal asymmetry. Here, we aim to understand the role of stability as a potential factor driving this adaptation process. We recruited 24 healthy, young adults to adapt to walking on a split-belt treadmill while either holding on to a handrail or walking with free arm swing. We measured whole-body angular momentum and step length asymmetry as measures of dynamic balance and spatiotemporal asymmetry, respectively. To understand how changes in intersegmental coordination influenced measures of dynamic balance, we also measured segmental angular momenta and the coefficient of limb cancellation. When participants were initially exposed to the asymmetry in belt speeds, we observed an increase in whole-body angular momentum that was due to both an increase in the momentum of individual limb segments and a reduction in limb cancellation. Holding on to a handrail reduced the perturbation to asymmetry during the early phase of adaptation and resulted in a smaller after-effect during post-adaptation. In addition, the stabilization provided by holding on to a handrail led to reductions in the coupling between angular momentum and asymmetry. These results suggest that regulation of dynamic balance is most important during the initial, transient phase of adaptation to walking on a split-belt treadmill.Summary StatementRegulation of balance exhibits a transient effect on adaptation to imposed asymmetries during bipedal walking. External stabilization attenuates initial deviations in spatiotemporal asymmetry but has no effect on subsequent adaptation.

scholarly journals Option selection in whole-body rotation movements in gymnastics

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas HEINEN ◽  
Marc NICOLAUS
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Moment Of Inertia ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Flight Phase ◽  
Probability Of Success ◽  
Biomechanical Parameters ◽  
Biomechanical Constraints ◽  
Option Selection ◽  
Simulation Parameters

Abstract When a gymnast performs a somersault, the linear and angular momentum along with a particular control of inertia during the flight phase constrain the possibilities for action. Given the complexity and dynamic nature of the human moving system, one could argue that there exist a particular amount of stable coordination states when performing somersaults. The goal of this study was to explore the manifold of movement options and coordination states along with their differentiating parameters for a single somersault in gymnastics based on a simple mathematical model reflecting gymnast’s rotation behavior during the flight phase. Biomechanical parameters determining rotation behavior during a somersault were systematically varied with regard to a particular set of biomechanical constraints defining a successful somersault performance. Batch simulations revealed that from 10229760 simulation cycles only 655346 (approximately 6.41%) led to successful somersault performance. A subsequent analysis of the movement option landscape for the optimum angular momentum revealed ten coordination states for a single somersault that could be clearly distinguished based on the simulation parameters. Taken the results together, it becomes apparent that it may be most advisable to perform a single somersault with a larger moment of inertia when achieving the tucked position, a longer duration to achieve the tucked position, a longer duration of staying tucked, and an intermediate moment of inertia during landing. This strategy comprises the largest amount of movement options associated with an upright landing and thus the highest probability of success when performing a single somersault.

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