scholarly journals Patterns of livestock depredation by snow leopards and other large carnivores in the Central Himalayas, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. e00536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhu Chetri ◽  
Morten Odden ◽  
Olivier Devineau ◽  
Per Wegge
Keyword(s):  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Central Himalayas ◽  
Livestock Depredation ◽  
Snow Leopards

Livestock depredation by large carnivores in the South Gobi, Mongolia

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tserennadmid Nadia Mijiddorj ◽  
Justine Shanti Alexander ◽  
Gustaf Samelius ◽  
Ruchi Badola ◽  
G. S. Rawat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Loss ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Livestock Depredation ◽  
The World ◽  
Pastoral Communities ◽  
Average Loss ◽  
Snow Leopards ◽  
Information Theoretic Approach

Context Livestock depredation is a major conservation challenge around the world, causing considerable economical losses to pastoral communities and often result in retaliatory killing. In Mongolia, livestock depredation rates are thought to be increasing due to changes in pastoral practices and the transformation of wild habitats into pasture lands. Few studies have examined the interactions between humans and carnivores and even fewer have considered how recent changes in pastoral practices may affect depredation rates. Aim This study aimed to assess the influence of herding practices on self-reported livestock losses to snow leopards and wolves in two communities in South Gobi, Mongolia. Methods In total, 144 herder households were interviewed and an information-theoretic approach was used to analyse the factors influencing self-reported livestock losses to snow leopards and wolves. Key results The majority of self-reported losses to both snow leopards and wolves occurred when herds were left unattended in the pastures. The economic loss associated with livestock losses to snow leopards and wolves amounted to an average loss of US$825 per herder and year. The number of livestock owned by a household and the frequency of shifting campsite had the strongest influence on livestock losses to snow leopards and wolves. Other determinants of livestock losses included frequency of visiting the soum (county) centre. Implications On the basis of the findings, we make recommendations for mitigating the conflict with large carnivores, with focus on guiding future herding practices.

Corrigendum to: Livestock depredation by large carnivores in the South Gobi, Mongolia

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tserennadmid Nadia Mijiddorj ◽  
Justine Shanti Alexander ◽  
Gustaf Samelius ◽  
Ruchi Badola ◽  
G. S. Rawat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Loss ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Livestock Depredation ◽  
The World ◽  
Pastoral Communities ◽  
Average Loss ◽  
Snow Leopards ◽  
Information Theoretic Approach

Context Livestock depredation is a major conservation challenge around the world, causing considerable economical losses to pastoral communities and often result in retaliatory killing. In Mongolia, livestock depredation rates are thought to be increasing due to changes in pastoral practices and the transformation of wild habitats into pasture lands. Few studies have examined the interactions between humans and carnivores and even fewer have considered how recent changes in pastoral practices may affect depredation rates. Aim This study aimed to assess the influence of herding practices on self-reported livestock losses to snow leopards and wolves in two communities in South Gobi, Mongolia. Methods In total, 144 herder households were interviewed and an information-theoretic approach was used to analyse the factors influencing self-reported livestock losses to snow leopards and wolves. Key results The majority of self-reported losses to both snow leopards and wolves occurred when herds were left unattended in the pastures. The economic loss associated with livestock losses to snow leopards and wolves amounted to an average loss of US$825 per herder and year. The number of livestock owned by a household and the frequency of shifting campsite had the strongest influence on livestock losses to snow leopards and wolves. Other determinants of livestock losses included frequency of visiting the soum (county) centre. Implications On the basis of the findings, we make recommendations for mitigating the conflict with large carnivores, with focus on guiding future herding practices.

scholarly journals Keeping predators out: testing fences to reduce livestock depredation at night-time corrals

Oryx ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustaf Samelius ◽  
Kulbhushansingh Suryawanshi ◽  
Jens Frank ◽  
Bayarjargal Agvaantseren ◽  
Erdenechimeg Baasandamba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Predation Pressure ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Snow Leopard ◽  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Livestock Depredation ◽  
Snow Leopards ◽  
Panthera Uncia

Abstract Livestock depredation by large carnivores is a global conservation challenge, and mitigation measures to reduce livestock losses are crucial for the coexistence of large carnivores and people. Various measures are employed to reduce livestock depredation but their effectiveness has rarely been tested. In this study, we tested the effectiveness of tall fences to reduce livestock losses to snow leopards Panthera uncia and wolves Canis lupus at night-time corrals at the winter camps of livestock herders in the Tost Mountains in southern Mongolia. Self-reported livestock losses at the fenced corrals were reduced from a mean loss of 3.9 goats and sheep per family and winter prior to the study to zero losses in the two winters of the study. In contrast, self-reported livestock losses in winter pastures, and during the rest of the year, when herders used different camps, remained high, which indicates that livestock losses were reduced because of the fences, not because of temporal variation in predation pressure. Herder attitudes towards snow leopards were positive and remained positive during the study, whereas attitudes towards wolves, which attacked livestock also in summer when herders moved out on the steppes, were negative and worsened during the study. This study showed that tall fences can be very effective at reducing night-time losses at corrals and we conclude that fences can be an important tool for snow leopard conservation and for facilitating the coexistence of snow leopards and people.

Human wildlife conflict involving large carnivores in Qilianshan, China and the minimal paw-print of snow leopards

2015 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Alexander ◽  
Pengju Chen ◽  
Peter Damerell ◽  
Wang Youkui ◽  
Joelene Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Snow Leopards ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

scholarly journals Fortified Bomas and Vigilant Herding are Perceived to Reduce Livestock Depredation by Large Carnivores in the Tarangire-Simanjiro Ecosystem, Tanzania

Human Ecology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix J. Mkonyi ◽  
Anna B. Estes ◽  
Maurus J. Msuha ◽  
Laly L. Lichtenfeld ◽  
Sarah M. Durant
Keyword(s):  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Livestock Depredation

scholarly journals What Factors Predispose Households in Trans-Himalaya (Central Nepal) to Livestock Predation by Snow Leopards?

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2187
Author(s):  
Mahesh P. Tiwari ◽  
Bishnu P. Devkota ◽  
Rodney M. Jackson ◽  
Bir Bahadur Khanal Chhetri ◽  
Sistata Bagale
Keyword(s):  
Economic Loss ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Snow Leopard ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Livestock Depredation ◽  
Livestock Predation ◽  
Domestic Livestock ◽  
Average Loss ◽  
Snow Leopards

Livestock depredation across the trans-Himalaya causes significant economic losses to pastoralist communities. Quantification of livestock predation and the assessment of variables associated with depredation are crucial for designing effective long-term mitigation measures. We investigated the patterns and factors of livestock depredation by snow leopards (Panthera uncia) using semi-structured questionnaires targeting herders in the Narphu valley of the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. During the two years (2017/18 and 2018/19), 73.9% of the households interviewed (n = 65) lost livestock to snow leopards, with an annual average loss of two livestock per household. Of the total depredation attributed to snow leopards, 55.4% were yak (mainly female: 79%), 31.7% goat, 6.8% sheep, 3.2% horse and 2.8% cattle. Results from applying Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs) revealed the total number of livestock owned and the number of larger bodied livestock species as the main explanatory covariates explaining livestock depredation. Forty-one (41%) of all herders considered snow leopard’s preference for domestic livestock as the main factor in livestock predation, whereas only 5% perceived poor herding practice as the main reason for the loss. Our study found poor and changing herding practices in the valley, whereby 71% herders reported careful herding as a solution to snow leopard depredation, and 15% of herders considered the complete extermination of snow leopards as the best solution to the problem. Tolerance levels and awareness among herders towards snow leopard conservation is increasing, mainly due to the Buddhist religion and strict law enforcement within this protected area. We recommend the effective implementation of a community-based livestock insurance scheme to compensate the economic loss of herders due to predation and improved herding practices as the recommended mitigation measures for ensuring livestock security and snow leopards’ conservation in the valley.

scholarly journals NOTES ON HUMAN- HYENA (Hyaena hyaena, Linnaeus 1751) CONFLICT IN JAJARKOT, KALIKOT AND MAHOTTARI DISTRICTS OF NEPAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivish Bhandari ◽  
Daya Ram Bhusal
Keyword(s):  
Survey Methods ◽  
Prey Population ◽  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Grassland Ecosystem ◽  
Livestock Depredation ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Striped Hyena ◽  
Hyaena Hyaena

Striped hyena is one of the large carnivores of the forest and grassland ecosystem. This paper deals with the distribution and human hyena conflict status in Jajarkot, Kalikot, and Mahottari districts of Nepal. Questionnaire and sign survey methods were used to collect information on human-hyena conflict. This study indicated that human hyena conflict was high in the selected district. Eight striped hyenas died in between 2015-2016 due to the human-hyena conflict. Livestock depredation by striped hyena was one of the major reasons of the human-hyena conflicts in Nepal. The goat was the most preyed species by the striped hyena. This study shows that the distribution of striped hyena was recorded from lowland to mid hills region of Nepal. The conservation outreach programs should be formulated to conserve the habitat and maintain the prey population of the striped hyena which would be helpful for long term conservation of the striped hyena in Nepal.Journal of Institute of Science and TechnologyVolume 22, Issue 1, July 2017, Page: 127-131

scholarly journals A Need for Context-Based Conservation: Incorporating Local Knowledge to Mitigate Livestock Predation by Large Carnivores

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Bijoor ◽  
Munib Khanyari ◽  
Rigzen Dorjay ◽  
Sherab Lobzang ◽  
Kulbhushansingh Suryawanshi
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Livestock Depredation ◽  
Livestock Predation ◽  
Community Based Conservation ◽  
Strategic Support ◽  
Snow Leopards ◽  
The Village

Mitigating livestock predation by carnivores is crucial to ensure carnivore conservation and facilitate human-carnivore coexistence. Mitigation measures proposed by conservation agencies, however, are often technocratic and perceived as being an external imposition on the local community. Herders affected by the depredation may have the knowledge to design locally relevant solutions, but they might lack financial and technical support to implement these effectively. Their inability to act can result in the communities being viewed as antagonistic rather than a part of the solution. We present a case study on co-development of a conservation intervention by a traditional pastoral community together with a conservation NGO, to mitigate livestock depredation inside night-time corrals in Ladakh, India. Between January and June 2020, livestock corrals in Sumdoo TR village were attacked 10 times by carnivores such as snow leopards and wolves, killing over 100 sheep, goat, yak, and horses and causing loses of over 10,400 USD. Local people were agitated, and there were strong demands for capture or removal of the carnivores from the area. We operationalized the PARTNERS (Presence, Aptness, Respect, Transparency, Negotiation, Empathy, Responsiveness, and Strategic Support) principles framework for community-based conservation to help the village effectively implement an intervention based on a novel predator-proof corral design conceptualized by the community. We demonstrate that empowering the community to design and implement a conservation intervention helped them take ownership of the effort, improve trust with conservation agencies, and hence likely to be a long-term solution to conservation conflicts in the region. Our approach of using the PARTNERS principles has relevance for conservation agencies who are trying to implement interventions, particularly those geared toward reducing livestock depredation by carnivores. Our approach further helps communities to view themselves as part of the solution and not the problem.

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