Linking functional molecular variation with environmental gradients: Myosin gene diversity in a crustacean broadly distributed across variable thermal environments

Gene ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 437 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 60-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rock ◽  
J.L. Magnay ◽  
S. Beech ◽  
A.J. El Haj ◽  
G. Goldspink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Molecular Variation ◽  
Thermal Environments

scholarly journals Variation in Drosophila sensory bristle number at ‘Evolution Canyon’

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD F. LYMAN ◽  
EVIATAR NEVO ◽  
TRUDY F. C. MACKAY
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Geographic Scale ◽  
Thermal Environments ◽  
The North ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Bristle Number ◽  
Evolution Canyon ◽  
The Difference ◽  
North And South

‘Evolution Canyon’ on Mount Carmel, Israel, displays highly contrasting physical and biotic environments on a micro-geographic scale, and is a natural laboratory for investigating genetic responses to variable and extreme environments across species. Samples of Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans were collected from three sites each on the north- and south-facing slopes of the canyon along altitudinal transects, and one site on the valley floor. Numbers of abdominal and sternopleural sensory bristles were recorded for each of these subpopulations in three thermal environments. In D. simulans, sternopleural bristle number exhibited micro-geographic differentiation between the north- and south-facing slopes, while abdominal bristle number was stable across subpopulations. In D. melanogaster, the magnitudes of the difference in mean sternopleural bristle number between the north- and south-facing slopes and of mean abdominal bristle number along the altitudinal gradients were both conditional on rearing temperature. Thus, the pattern of genetic variation between sites was consistent with underlying heterogeneity of genetic mechanisms for response to the same environmental gradients between traits and sibling species. In contrast, the genetic architecture of bristle number at the level of variation within populations was very similar between species for the same bristle trait, although the two traits differed in the relative contribution of genotype by temperature and genotype by sex interaction.

Phenotypic plasticity and gene diversity in Pistacia lentiscus L. along environmental gradients in Israel

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagi Nahum ◽  
Moshe Inbar ◽  
Gidi Ne’eman ◽  
Rachel Ben-Shlomo
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Pistacia Lentiscus

Spatiotemporal variation in thermal niches suggests lability rather than conservatism of thermal physiology along an environmental gradient

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony L Gilbert ◽  
Donald B Miles
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Thermal Sensitivity ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Thermal Physiology ◽  
Thermal Environments ◽  
Tree Lizard

Abstract Temperature variation throughout a species range can be extensive and exert divergent spatiotemporal patterns of selection. The estimation of phenotypic differences of populations along environmental gradients provides information regarding population-level responses to changing environments and evolutionary lability in climate-relevant traits. However, few studies have found physiological differentiation across environmental gradients attributable to behavioural thermoregulation buffering physiological evolution. Here, we compared thermal sensitivity of physiological performance among three populations of the ornate tree lizard (Urosaurus ornatus) along a 1100 m elevational gradient in southeastern Arizona across years in order to determine whether spatial differences in thermal environments are capable of driving local physiological differentiation. Lizards exhibited significant population-level differences in thermal physiology. The thermal traits of lizards at low elevations included warmer body temperatures and higher preferred and critical thermal temperatures. In contrast, lizards at higher elevations had cooler body temperatures and lower preferred and critical thermal temperatures. Populations also exhibited differences in the optimal temperature for performance and thermal performance breadth. The direction of population variation was consistent across years. Environmental gradients can provide model systems for studying the evolution of thermal physiology, and our study is one of the first to suggest that population differentiation in thermal physiology could be more prominent than previously thought.

Molecular Characterization and Genetic Diversity Study in F3 Population of Rice

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
L Rahman ◽  
SN Begum ◽  
F Nur
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Genetic Diversity Study ◽  
Diversity Study

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay was initiated for molecular genetic analysis among 13 F3 rice lines and their parents. Four out of 15 decamer random primers were used to amplify genomic DNA and the primers yielded a total of 41 RAPD markers of which 37 were considered as polymorphic with a mean of 9.25 bands per primer. The percentage of polymorphic loci was 90.24. The highest percentage of polymorphic loci (14.63) and gene diversity (0.0714) was observed in 05-6 F3 line and the lowest polymorphic loci (0.00) and gene diversity (0.00) was found in 05-12 and 05-15 F3 lines. So, relatively high level of genetic variation was found in 05-6 F3 line and it was genetically more diverse compared to others. The average co-efficient of gene differentiation (GST) and gene flow (Nm) values across all the loci were 0.8689 and 0.0755, respectively. The UPGMA dendrogram based on the Nei’s genetic distance differentiated the rice genotypes into two main clusters: PNR-519, 05-19, 05-14, 05-12 and 05-17 grouped in cluster 1. On the other hand, Baradhan, 05-9, 05-13, 05-11, 05-5, 05-6, 05-1, 05-4, 05-15 and 05-25 were grouped in cluster 2. The highest genetic distance (0.586) was found between 05-4 and 05-17 F3 lines and they remain in different cluster.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v20i1-2.16839 Progress. Agric. 20(1 & 2): 1 – 8, 2009

Drivers of diversity gradients of a highly mobile marine assemblage in a mesoscale seascape

2020 ◽  
Vol 638 ◽  
pp. 149-164
Author(s):  
GM Svendsen ◽  
M Ocampo Reinaldo ◽  
MA Romero ◽  
G Williams ◽  
A Magurran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Shared Resources ◽  
Thermal Front ◽  
Boosted Regression Tree ◽  
Diversity Gradients ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Bottom Depth

With the unprecedented rate of biodiversity change in the world today, understanding how diversity gradients are maintained at mesoscales is a key challenge. Drawing on information provided by 3 comprehensive fishery surveys (conducted in different years but in the same season and with the same sampling design), we used boosted regression tree (BRT) models in order to relate spatial patterns of α-diversity in a demersal fish assemblage to environmental variables in the San Matias Gulf (Patagonia, Argentina). We found that, over a 4 yr period, persistent diversity gradients of species richness and probability of an interspecific encounter (PIE) were shaped by 3 main environmental gradients: bottom depth, connectivity with the open ocean, and proximity to a thermal front. The 2 main patterns we observed were: a monotonic increase in PIE with proximity to fronts, which had a stronger effect at greater depths; and an increase in PIE when closer to the open ocean (a ‘bay effect’ pattern). The originality of this work resides on the identification of high-resolution gradients in local, demersal assemblages driven by static and dynamic environmental gradients in a mesoscale seascape. The maintenance of environmental gradients, specifically those associated with shared resources and connectivity with an open system, may be key to understanding community stability.

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