Late Pleistocene–Holocene climatic and volcanic events in the bathyal area of the Eastern Tyrrhenian Sea and the stratigraphic signature of the 39 ka Campanian Ignimbrite eruption

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 103074
Author(s):  
Alfonsa Milia ◽  
Simona Morabito ◽  
Paola Petrosino
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Campanian Ignimbrite ◽  
Volcanic Events

scholarly journals Anomalous Radiocarbon Ages Found in Campanian Ignimbrite Deposit of the Mediterranean Deep-Sea Core CT85-5

Radiocarbon ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irka Hajdas ◽  
Carla Taricco ◽  
Georges Bonani ◽  
Jürg Beer ◽  
Stefano M Bernasconi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Campanian Ignimbrite ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology ◽  
Apparent Age

A detailed radiocarbon chronology has been established for the deep-sea core CT85-5 from the Tyrrhenian Sea. This chronology, which is based on the analysis of foraminifera shells, shows a set of reversed 14C ages for sediments deposited during the eruption of the Campanian Ignimbrite (∼40 ka cal BP). The anomalous young 14C ages coincide with elevated concentrations of 10Bc measured in the same core. Although reversals in 14C ages have been previously found in other records at 40 ka cal BP, such extreme changes have not been observed elsewhere. The enhancement in 14C concentration in CT85-5 sediments associated with the Campanian Ignimbrite is equivalent to an apparent age ∼15 ka younger than the age for the sediments deposited shortly before the eruption. Here, we present consistent results of repeated measurements showing no analytical problems that can explain the observed rapid changes in 14C of this particular record.

Ecosystem Impact of the Campanian Ignimbrite Eruption in Late Pleistocene Europe

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco G. Fedele ◽  
Biagio Giaccio ◽  
Roberto Isaia ◽  
Giovanni Orsi
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Cultural Transition ◽  
Campanian Ignimbrite ◽  
Mediterranean Europe ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Significant Interference

AbstractThe dating of the Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) eruption to ∼37,000 cal yr B.P. draws attention to the coincidence of this volcanic catastrophe and the suite of coeval, Late Pleistocene biocultural changes that occurred within and outside the Mediterranean region. These included the Middle to Upper Paleolithic cultural transition and the supposed change from Neanderthal to “modern” Homo sapiens anatomy, a subject of sustained debate. No less than 150 km3 of magma were extruded in the CI eruption, the signal of which can be detected in Greenland ice cores. As widespread discontinuities in archaeological sequences are observed at or following the CI event, a significant interference with ongoing human processes in Mediterranean Europe is hypothesized.

Late Pleistocene Glacial Events in the Central Apennines, Italy

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Giraudi ◽  
Massimo Frezzotti
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Central Apennines ◽  
Maximum Extension ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Isotopic Variations

The study of glacial evidence in the Gran Sasso Massif of the Central Apennines, Italy, has allowed the last maximum advance and the subsequent stadial phases to be dated and the mean annual temperature and quantity of precipitation in the form of snow to be assessed for a number of periods. The glaciers probably reached their maximum extension (Campo Imperatore Stade) ca. 22,600 14C yr B.P. and started to retreat ca. 21,000 yr B.P., leaving behind three recessional moraines. After a first interstade (Fornaca Interstade), the Fontari Stade appears to have taken place shortly after 16,000 yr ago. Ca. 15,000 yr ago the glacier started retreating, leaving behind four more recessional moraines. An interstade (Venacquaro Interstade) preceded the Mount Aquila Stade, datable at ca. 11,000 yr B.P. A strong correlation is evident between the glacial phases on land and the isotopic variations in cores from the Tyrrhenian Sea.

scholarly journals Integrated Morpho-Bathymetric, Seismic-Stratigraphic, and Sedimentological Data on the Dohrn Canyon (Naples Bay, Southern Tyrrhenian Sea): Relationships with Volcanism and Tectonics

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Gemma Aiello ◽  
Marina Iorio ◽  
Flavia Molisso ◽  
Marco Sacchi
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Slope Instability ◽  
Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Submarine Canyons ◽  
Geologic Hazard ◽  
Depositional Processes ◽  
Marine Gravity ◽  
Naples Bay

Submarine canyons are geomorphologic lineaments engraving the slope/outer shelf of continental margins. These features are often associated with significant geologic hazard when they develop close to densely populated coastal zones. The seafloor of Naples Bay is deeply cut by two incisions characterized by a dense network of gullies, namely the Dohrn and Magnaghi canyons, which develop from the shelf break of the Campania margin, down to the peripheral rise of the Eastern Tyrrhenian bathyal plain. Seismic-stratigraphic interpretation of multichannel seismic reflection profiles has shown that quaternary tectonics and recent to active volcanism have exerted a significant control on the morphological evolution and source-to sink depositional processes of the Dohrn and Magnaghi submarine canyons. The Dohrn canyon is characterized by relatively steep walls hundreds of meters high, which incise a Middle-Late Pleistocene prograding wedge, formed by clastic and volcaniclastic deposits associated with the paleo-Sarno river system during the Mid-Late Pleistocene. The formation of the Dohrn canyon predates the onset of the volcanic eruption of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT), an ignimbrite deposit of ca. 15 ka that represents the bedrock on which the town of Napoli is built. Integrated stratigraphic analysis of high-resolution seismic profiles and marine gravity core data (C74_12) collected along the flanks of the eastern bifurcation of the head of Dohrn Canyon suggests that depositional processes along the canyon flanks are dominated by gravity flows (e.g., fine-grained turbidites, debris flows) and sediment mass transport associated with slope instability and failure.

Facies variation in the Campanian Ignimbrite

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Scarpati ◽  
Domenico Sparice ◽  
Annamaria Perrotta
Keyword(s):  
Campanian Ignimbrite ◽  
Facies Variation
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