Nowcasting GDP and its components in a data-rich environment: The merits of the indirect approach

This paper is devoted to so-called indirect discrete-continual boundary element method of structural analysis. Operational formulation of the problem is given. Using fundamental operational relations of indirect approach after construction of corresponding fundamental matrix-function in a special form convenient for problems of structural mechanics and its application resolving set of differential equations with operational coefficients is obtained. The discrete-continual design model for structures with constant physical and geometrical parameters in one direction is offered on the basis of so-called discrete-continual boundary elements. Basic pseudodifferential operators are approximated discretely by Fourier series. Fourier transformations and Wavelet analysis can be applied as well.

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Estimating land degradation risk for agriculture in Italy using an indirect approach

Ecological Economics ◽

10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.08.025 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 69 (3) ◽

pp. 511-518 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Luca Salvati ◽

Margherita Carlucci

Keyword(s):

Land Degradation ◽

Indirect Approach

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An indirect approach to study sperm precedence in a subsocial spider

Ethology Ecology & Evolution ◽

10.1080/03949370.2010.502325 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 295-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

V. Lorieto ◽

S. Ghione ◽

C. Viera

Keyword(s):

Sperm Precedence ◽

Indirect Approach

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Evaluating Mechanical Properties of Ceramics by Relative Methods

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.2406 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 336-338 ◽

pp. 2406-2410

Author(s):

Yi Wang Bao ◽

Xiao Xue Bu ◽

Yan Chun Zhou ◽

Li Zhong Liu

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Material Properties ◽

Ceramic Coatings ◽

Relative Method ◽

Tempered Glass ◽

Theoretic Analysis ◽

Surface Strength ◽

Indirect Approach ◽

Before And After ◽

The Relationship

A relative method, defined as indirect approach to evaluate the material properties via the relationship between unknown properties and a known property, is proposed to estimate some properties that could not be measured by the traditional methods for ceramics. Experiments and theoretic analysis based on the relative method were carried out in this study to estimate the properties in following aspects: determining the temperature dependence of elastic modulus of some machineable ceramics by comparing the deflections; obtaining the modulus and strength of ceramic coatings supported by substrates, from the variation in properties of the rectangular beam samples before and after coating; estimating the residual stresses in tempered glass by comparing the change in the surface strength after strengthening.

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