Performance and composition of bacterial communities in anaerobic fluidized bed reactors for hydrogen production: Effects of organic loading rate and alkalinity

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (22) ◽  
pp. 16925-16934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Géssia Momoe Shida ◽  
Leandro Takano Sader ◽  
Eduardo Lucena Cavalcante de Amorim ◽  
Isabel Kimiko Sakamoto ◽  
Sandra Imaculada Maintinguer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactors ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Production Effects

Continuous Fermentative Hydrogen Production from Brown Sugar Using EGSB Reactor

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1132-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Feng Li ◽  
Yong Ming Hui ◽  
Xin Yao ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Qian Wen Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Hydrogen Production Rate ◽  
Brown Sugar ◽  
Fermentative Hydrogen Production ◽  
Fermentative Hydrogen

In this experiment, brown sugar was chosen as the substrate of continuous operation. A lab-scale expanded granular sludge blanket (EGSB) reactor was employed. Stable ethanol-type fermentation was formed by controlling the organic loading rate (OLR). The results showed a maximum hydrogen production rate of 5.73L / L reactor•d was achieved, under the condition that the hydraulic retention time (HRT) = 2h, OLR = 97.2kg COD/m3 reactor•d. The average hydrogen content in the biogas during the 73-day operation was 41.27%.

Kinetics of an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor using biolite carrier

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1305-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Prakash ◽  
K. J. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Biofilm Development ◽  
Kinetics Of

Start-up and steady state operation of anaerobic fluidized bed reactors (AFBRs) with biolite as the inert carrier material was studied. Start-up and concomitant biofilm development of AFBRs was performed using two common start-up techniques, the maximum efficiency profile (MEP) technique and the maximum load profile (MLP) technique. The MEP start-up technique increases the volumetric organic loading rates to the reactor gradually and is tied to the removal efficiency of the process. The MLP start-up technique maintains a moderately high but constant volumetric organic loading rate irrespective of reactor performance. Using sucrose-based wastewater as feed, both start-up techniques led to equally fast biofilm development and start-up times of approximately 5 weeks. However, the MEP technique resulted in more stable controlled reactor operation during the start-up period. The quick start-up confirms the high compatibility of biolite for bio-adhesion and the development of a healthy active biofilm.High concentrations of biofilm biomass achieved in AFBRs (69 g volatile biofilm solids (VBS)/L of expanded bed volume at an organic loading rate of 25 g COD/(Lùd)) allowed the successful treatment of wastewaters at high organic loading rates and organic removal efficiencies. During steady state experiments, organic removal efficiencies over 80% were obtained for organic loading rates as high as 20 g COD/(L∙d). It was found that the dependence of removal efficiency on hydraulic retention time is influenced by substrate concentration. Total biofilm yield was determined to be 0.08 g VBS/g COD removed, demonstrating the low net synthesis of solids in the AFBR. AFBRs had an average solids retention time of 150 days, corresponding to a washout factor of 0.01. Extrinsic kinetics of the AFBRs was determined to be zero order with a maximum specific utilization rate of 0.48 g COD/(g VBS∙d).AFBRs used to treat municipal landfill leachate with a BOD5:COD ratio of 0.86 achieved steady state COD removal efficiencies that ranged from 70% to 87%, depending on the reactor organic loading rate and the concentration of the leachate being treated. During leachate treatment, biofilm biomass gradually became "mineralized" as a result of precipitation of metal sulfides and carbonates. This eventually resulted in a decrease in biofilm microbial activity and the need for higher pumping rates to maintain the same degree of bed expansion. Key words: anaerobic, biological fluidized bed reactor, biolite, landfill leachate, sucrose, modeling, start-up, steady state kinetics.

Study on Bio-Hydrogen Production of Different Fermentation Types

2010 ◽  
Vol 152-153 ◽  
pp. 377-382
Author(s):  
Kun Liu ◽  
An Ying Jiao ◽  
Li Ran Yue ◽  
Yong Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Production System ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Production Capability ◽  
Acid Type ◽  
Optimal Type

By the researches and analyses of the fermentation type in the bio-hydrogen production system, ethanol-type fermentation bacteria had the largest H2-production capability, butyric acid type fermentation bacteria took the second place, and propionic acid-type fermentation bacteria had the least H2-poduction capability. When the organic loading rate (OLR) is 24kgCOD/m3•d, HRT is 8h and temperature is 35 °C, the highest hydrogen production capability corresponding were 4.2, 1.3 and 0.018 mol•kg MLVSS−1•d−1, so ethanol-type fermentation was optimal type for hydrogen production.

Effect of Organic Loading Rate on Bio-Hydrogen Production in Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1170-1175
Author(s):  
Zi Rui Guo ◽  
An Ying Jiao ◽  
Xiao Ye Liu ◽  
Yong Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
H2 Yield ◽  
Distribution Energy

Hydrogen is a kind of ideal clean energy sources. With low energy consumption, environmental protection and other advantages, biological hydrogen production technology become the hotspot of current study home and abroad. The distribution energy technology for producing hydrogen can get hydrogen when deal with waste water. For finding out the industralized feasibility of continuous H2 bio-production,the ability of H2-production via facultative anaerobe,optimum hydraulic retention time(HRT) and optimum organic loading rate(OLR) were aslo studied. With a temperature of (35±1)°C，HRT of 8 h，the CSTR inoculated with activated sludge ,and the progression is increasing organic loading rate gradually. Six OLRs were examined, ranging from 2 to 12 g COD/L.d, with the mass of molasses ranging from 1.3 to 10 g COD/L. While COD was up to 4g/L(OLR 12kg/(m3•d)), all molasses was utilized and the H2 yield was not significantly influenced by OLR. At the intermediate COD of 6g/l (OLR 18kg/(m3•d)), the H2 yield was maximized at about 30 L/d H2 (mol molasses. Conv.), which was 17.9% and 55.9% higher than those of OLR 6 kg/(m3.d) and OLR 12 kg/(m3.d),respectively. When the influent COD concentration raised to 12g/L(OLR 30kg/(m3•d)), the reactor were overloaded, the hydrogen yield decreased drastically，hydrogen evolution rate decreased to zero. Exceeding OLR would arouse great change of internal environment parameters, such as pH, ALK(aikalinity), ORP(oxidation-reduction potential) in CSTR, and the microbial community structure would change while the metabolism of microorganism was inhibited badly.

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