In this study, the free and forced vibration analysis of a micro scale Timoshenko beam resting on a Pasternak elastic foundation and subjected to a moving micro particle is presented. Based on the modified couple stress theory and employing Hamilton’s principle, the governing equations along with the boundary conditions are derived. A semi-analytical solution is obtained for the free vibration of the problem by expressing the dynamic lateral displacement and cross-section rotation in terms of the series of Legendre polynomials and extremizing the objective functional of the problem with respect to the unknown displacements and Lagrange multipliers. Correspondingly, the computed eigenvalue information of the system is utilized in the modal expansion technique to obtain the transient dynamic response. For comparison purposes, the free vibration frequencies of the micro beam and the dynamic deflections using the classical Timoshenko beam theory are compared with previously published studies and very good agreements have been observed. Furthermore, more numerical examples for natural frequencies and dynamic deflection of the beam are presented and the effects of some parameters, such as the material length scale parameter, the velocity of micro particle, the Pasternak elastic foundation parameters, shear deformation effects and boundary conditions are examined.