Effects of induced mood on single-word imagery processing: An ERP study

Two experiments examined the effects of induced moods on memory retrieval. In the first experiment, subjects read statements which induce temporary elation or depression and then recalled specific personal memories. Subjects in the elated condition rated their memories significantly more pleasant than subjects experiencing a depressed mood. In a second experiment, subjects who had read elated or depressed statements gave single-word associates to each of 15 stimulus words. The mean ratings for the associate words produced by subjects in the elated condition were significantly more pleasant than those from depressed subjects.

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Effects of induced moods on semantic memory activation in single-word imagery processing

10.31234/osf.io/5jerd ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Yuya Ogawa ◽

Hiroshi Nittono

Keyword(s):

Semantic Memory ◽

Language Processing ◽

Negative Mood ◽

Affective State ◽

Positive Mood ◽

Event Related Potential ◽

Single Word ◽

Lexical Representations ◽

Context Integration ◽

Imagery Processing

The effect of affective state or mood on language processing has been examined in behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) studies. Although these studies have shown that mood affects the process of context integration of a sentence, it remains unclear whether mood influences processing of single-word imagery. This study examined the effects of word imageability on the N400 and N700 components of the ERP in a reaction time (RT) task, in which 30 university students judged whether or not a word easily evoked visual imagery. Three mood conditions were induced by autobiographical recollection and pictures of facial expressions (neutral, positive, and negative) and conducted in a counterbalanced order. High imagery words produced faster judgments and larger amplitudes of N400 and N700 components than did low imagery words. Although mood did not affect RT or N700 amplitude, N400 amplitude was larger (more negative-going) under positive mood than under negative mood, with neutral mood intermediate, regardless of word imageability. The interaction effect of mood and word imageability was not significant. These results suggest that, compared to negative mood, positive mood facilitates activation of semantic memory and access to lexical representations when imagery processing is required.

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Procedure for Maximizing Phonological Information from Single-Word Responses

Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools ◽

10.1044/0161-1461.1504.267 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 267-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Harriet B. Klein

Keyword(s):

Phonological Information ◽

Single Word ◽

Preliminary Assessment ◽

Target Attainment ◽

Phonological Processes ◽

Step Procedure ◽

Yield Information ◽

Assessment Measure ◽

Busy Clinician ◽

Planning Intervention

Formal articulation test responses are often used by the busy clinician as a basis for planning intervention goals. This article describes a 6-step procedure for using efficiently the single-word responses elicited with an articulation test. This procedure involves the assessment of all consonants within a word rather than only test-target consonants. Responses are organized within a Model and Replica chart to yield information about an individual's (a) articulation ability, (b) frequency of target attainment, substitutions, and deletions, (c) variability in production, and (d) phonological processes. This procedure is recommended as a preliminary assessment measure. It is advised that more detailed analysis of continuous speech be undertaken in conjunction with early treatment sessions.

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The Ontogenesis of Agent

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jshr.2502.306 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 306-314 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lesley Barrett Olswang ◽

Robert L. Carpenter

Keyword(s):

Single Word ◽

Linguistic Expression ◽

Structured Activities

Three children were followed longitudinally for 12 months, between their 11th and 22nd months of life, to document their development of the linguistic expression of the agent concept. The children were observed approximately once a month in play and structured activities designed to elicit nonverbal and linguistic behaviors indicative of the children's awareness of the agent concept. This study describes how the linguistic behaviors (i.e., vocalizations, single-word utterances, and multiword utterances) were paired with emerging nonverbal agentive behaviors over the 12-month period. The children's first vocalizations did not appear to be consistently associated with any nonverbal agentive behaviors. Later vocalizations were consistently paired with directive nonverbal agentive behaviors. With the emergence of the mature cognitive notion of agent, the children produced single-word utterances coding the agent in agent-action-recipient events. And finally, for two of the children, multiword utterances coding two aspects of agent-action-recipient events were produced. The evolution of paired nonverbal agentive behaviors and different utterance types has provided evidence supporting the linguistic expression of an underlying cognitive notion.

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Translating Principles of Speech Science to Clinical Practice: Current and Future Trends in Craniofacial Disorders

Perspectives on Speech Science and Orofacial Disorders ◽

10.1044/ssod18.1.31 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 31-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

David J. Zajac

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Speech Intelligibility ◽

Current Practice ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Behavioral Management ◽

Single Word ◽

Future Directions ◽

Speech Science ◽

The Impact ◽

Opinion Article

Abstract The purpose of this opinion article is to review the impact of the principles and technology of speech science on clinical practice in the area of craniofacial disorders. Current practice relative to (a) speech aerodynamic assessment, (b) computer-assisted single-word speech intelligibility testing, and (c) behavioral management of hypernasal resonance are reviewed. Future directions and/or refinement of each area are also identified. It is suggested that both challenging and rewarding times are in store for clinical researchers in craniofacial disorders.

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