Sporadic Breast Cancer Cell Lines Show Homologous Recombination Deficiency From BRCA1 Pathway Inactivation With Normal BRCA1 Protein and Are Sensitive to Crosslinking Agents

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. E516
Author(s):  
J. Haseltine ◽  
M. Thompson ◽  
R.W. Mutter ◽  
R. Delsite ◽  
S.N. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Homologous Recombination ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Sporadic Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Brca1 Protein ◽  
Homologous Recombination Deficiency ◽  
Crosslinking Agents

scholarly journals Hypoxia and Human Genome Stability: Downregulation of BRCA2 Expression in Breast Cancer Cell Lines

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Fanale ◽  
Viviana Bazan ◽  
Stefano Caruso ◽  
Marta Castiglia ◽  
Giuseppe Bronte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Homologous Recombination ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Genetic Instability ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
A Cell

Previously, it has been reported that hypoxia causes increased mutagenesis and alteration in DNA repair mechanisms. In 2005, an interesting study showed that hypoxia-induced decreases in BRCA1 expression and the consequent suppression of homologous recombination may lead to genetic instability. However, nothing is yet known about the involvement of BRCA2 in hypoxic conditions in breast cancer. Initially, a cell proliferation assay allowed us to hypothesize that hypoxia could negatively regulate the breast cancer cell growth in short term in vitro studies. Subsequently, we analyzed gene expression in breast cancer cell lines exposed to hypoxic condition by microarray analysis. Interestingly, genes involved in DNA damage repair pathways such as mismatch repair, nucleotide excision repair, nonhomologous end-joining and homologous recombination repair were downregulated. In particular, we focused on the BRCA2 downregulation which was confirmed at mRNA and protein level. In addition, breast cancer cells were treated with dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), a cell-permeable inhibitor of both proline and asparaginyl hydroxylases able to induce HIF-1αstabilization in normoxia, providing results comparable to those previously described. These findings may provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying genetic instability mediated by hypoxia and BRCA involvement in sporadic breast cancers.

scholarly journals BRCA1 participates in the expression of noncoding XIST RNA

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
E. A. Shestakova ◽  
T. A. Bogush
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Brca1 Gene ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Brca1 Protein ◽  
Xist Rna

Introduction . Noncoding RNA of XIST gene (X inactivation-specific transcript) initiates inactivation of one of X chromosomes in cells of female organism. Further stages of this process include chromatin epigenetic modifications leading to the inhibition of the most genes on X chromosome. Recently the data were obtained that tumor suppressor BRCA1 is associated with inactive X chromosome (Xi) participating in XIST RNA localization on Xi and influencing XIST RNA expression.Objective: to reveal the role of BRCA1 in XIST RNA expression.Materials and methods . The objects of the study were mutant breast cancer cell lines (BRCA1–/–): HCC1395, HCC1937, SUM149PT, and, as controls – cell lines containing wild type of BRCA1 gene (BRCA1+/+): IMR90 и 293T. Method of reverse transcription coupled with polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for the analysis of XIST RNA expression.Results . In the clone of doxycycline-inducible HCC1937 breast cancer cell line XIST RNA expression was observed upon BRCA1 induction. In HCC1395, HCC1937 and SUM149PT breast cancer cell lines containing mutant BRCA1 gene (BRCA1–/–) and nonfunctional BRCA1 protein the absence of XIST RNA expression was observed using RT-PCR. This observation indicates the indispensable role of functional BRCA1 protein in XIST RNA expression.Conclusion . Altogether, the data obtained in this study confirm the role of BRCA1 in the expression of noncoding inhibiting XIST RNA and suggest the involvement of BRCA1 in the inhibition of gene expression on Xi.

Cytotoxic activity and anti-cancer potential of Ontario grown onion extracts against breast cancer cell lines

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Fragis ◽  
Abdulmonem I. Murayyan ◽  
Suresh Neethirajan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Cancer Line ◽  
Mcf 7

Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among Canadian women. Cancer management through changes in lifestyle, such as increased intake of foods rich in dietary flavonoids, have been shown to decrease the risk associated with breast, liver, colorectal, and upper-digestive cancers in epidemiologic studies. Onions are high in flavonoid content and one of the most common vegetables. Additionally, onions are used in most Canadian cuisines.Methods: We investigated the effect of five prominent Ontario grown onion (Stanley, Ruby Ring, LaSalle, Fortress, and Safrane) extracts on two subtypes of breast cancer cell lines: a triple negative breast cancer line MDA-MB-231 and an ER+ breast cancer line MCF-7.Results: These onion extracts elicited strong anti-proliferative, anti-migratory, and cytotoxic activities on both the cancer cell lines. Flavonoids present in these onion extracts induced apoptosis, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential at dose-dependent concentrations. Onion extracts were more effective against MDA-MB-231 compared to the MCF-7 cell line. Conclusion: In this study, we investigated the extracts synthesized from Ontario-grown onion varieties in inducing anti-migratory, cytostatic, and cytotoxic activities in two sub-types of human breast cancer cell lines. Anti-tumor activity of these extracts depends upon the varietal and can be formulated into nutraceuticals and functional foods for the wellbeing of cancer patients. Overall, the results suggest that onion extracts are a good source of flavonoids with anti-cancerous properties.Keywords: onion extracts; flavonoids; anti-proliferative; breast cancer; cytotoxic activity

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