scholarly journals Tillage and crop management impacts on soil loss and crop yields in northwestern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fekremariam Asargew Mihretie ◽  
Atsushi Tsunekawa ◽  
Nigussie Haregeweyn ◽  
Enyew Adgo ◽  
Mitsuru Tsubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Crop Management

Evaluation of Soil. Loss after 100 Years of Soil and Crop Management

1991 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Gantzer ◽  
S. H. Anderson ◽  
A. L. Thompson ◽  
J. R. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Crop Management

Applying innovations and new technologies for international collaborative wheat improvement

2006 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. REYNOLDS ◽  
N. E. BORLAUG
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
International Collaborative

Despite the successes of the Green Revolution, about a billion people are still undernourished and food security in the developing world faces new challenges in terms of population growth, reduced water resources, climate change and decreased public sector investment. It is also becoming widely recognized that poverty is a cause of environmental degradation, conflict and civil unrest. Internationally coordinated agricultural research can play a significant role in improving food security by deploying promising new technologies as well as adapting those with well-established impact.In addition to the genetic challenges of crop improvement, agriculturalists must also embrace the problems associated with a highly heterogeneous and unpredictable environment. Not only are new genetic tools becoming more accessible, but a new generation of quantitative tools are available to enable better definition of agro-ecosystems, of cultivar by environment interactions, and of socio-economic issues, while satellite imagery can help predict crop yields on large scales. Identifying areas of low genetic diversity – for example as found in large tracts of South Asia – is an important aspect of reducing vulnerability to disease epidemics. Global strategies for incorporating durable disease resistance genes into a wider genetic background, as well as participatory approaches that deliver a fuller range of options to farmers, are being implemented to increase cultivar diversity.The unpredictable effects of environment on productivity can be buffered somewhat by crop management practices that maintain healthy soils, while reversing the consequences of rapid agricultural intensification on soil degradation. Conservation agriculture is an alternative strategy that is especially pertinent for resource-poor farmers.The potential synergy between genetic improvement and innovative crop management practices has been referred to as the Doubly Green Revolution. The unique benefits and efficiency of the international collaborative platform are indisputable when considering the duplications that otherwise would have been required to achieve the same impacts through unilateral or even bilateral programmes. Furthermore, while the West takes for granted public support for crucial economic and social issues, this is not the case in a number of less-developed countries where the activities of International Agricultural Research Centres (IARCs) and other development assistance organizations can provide continuity in agricultural research and infrastructure.

Soil and crop responses to long-term potato production at a benchmark site in northwestern New Brunswick

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
H W Rees ◽  
T L Chow ◽  
E G Gregorich
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Runoff And Soil Loss

Concerns about deteriorating soil quality led to Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada establishing a network of 23 soil quality monitoring benchmark sites with the objective of providing a baseline data set for assessing change in soil quality and biological productivity of representative Canadian farming systems. A site (22-NB) was established in 1990 in northwestern New Brunswick to monitor changes in Podzolic and Brunisolic soils developed on coarse loamy till on a rolling landscape under intensive potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production [potato-potato-barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) rotation] that was cultivated along the contour with variable grade diversions and a grassed waterway. Soil samples were collected in 1990 and again in 2000. Field saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) at 10–20, 26–36 and 50–60 cm, earthworm counts and crop yield measurements were conducted annually. 137Cs data were collected in 1990 to estimate soil displacement at the site. Runoff and soil loss between May 01 and Nov. 30 were measured annually. The soil conservation system at site 22-NB has resulted in annual runoff and soil loss of only 9 mm and 311 kg ha-1, respectively. Measured values of 137Cs averaged 2114 Bq m-2 (70% of baseline). Changes in the Ap horizon properties between 1990 and 2000 included significant (P < 0.05) increases in available P (+ 86.7 mg kg-1) and K (+ 13.4 mg kg-1) and significant reductions in available Mg (−45.8 mg kg-1) and SOC (−0.51 g kg-1). The Kfs of 10- to 20-cm, 26- to 36-cm and 50- to 60-cm depths were 1.3, 1.0 and 1.0 cm h-1, respectively. Very few earthworms were present (0.05 worms m-2). The upper terrace was consistently the highest yielding in both potato and barley, while the lowest terrace was consistently the lowest yielding in both crops. Crop yields may have been affected by micro-climate and other soil differences as a result of site position.While the system of contour tillage with variable grade diversions and grassed waterway conserved both soil and water, the potato-potato-grain rotation did not maintain SOC levels or sustain earthworm populations. Associated heavy rates of fertilization also lead to increased levels of soil K and P. Key words: Soil quality, soil organic carbon, hydraulic conductivity, earthworms, runoff, water erosion

scholarly journals Pemetaan Daerah Rawan Erosi Di DAS Wae Batu Merah Kota Ambon

MAKILA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-71
Author(s):  
Lidia V. Intopiana ◽  
Jusmy D. Putuhena ◽  
Aryanto Boreel
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Equation Method ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Large Classes ◽  
Conservation Measures ◽  
Forming Parameters ◽  
Management Factors ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

This study aimed to identify the factors that cause erosion, map erosion-prone areas, and determine conservation directions that can be carried out on regions indicated by erosion in the Wae Batu Merah watershed. In this study, erosion forming parameters will be overlapped. The USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) method was used as a parameter to create erosion. The results showed that erosion factors that greatly affected the erosion incidence in the Wae Batu Merah watershed, namely, slope factors and crop management factors and conservation measures, and as much as erosion were dominated by very large classes with an area of ​​558.21 ha or 52.67% alone. The smallest is the medium class, with an area of ​​54.57 ha or 5.15%. Conservation directives carried out on regions indicated by erosion in the Wae Batu Merah watershed were the direction of the vegetative method, which is reforestation, planting trees in the form of durian trees, and GMO sengon trees, making parks in residential areas, and building mechanical terraces.

Crop management adaptations to improve and stabilize crop yields under low-yielding conditions in the Sudan Savanna of West Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Danso ◽  
Heidi Webber ◽  
Maryse Bourgault ◽  
Frank Ewert ◽  
Jesse B. Naab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Sudan Savanna

Current topics in drought physiology

1992 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Jones ◽  
J. E. Corlett
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Rational Basis ◽  
Rapid Methods ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Dry Conditions

Drought is probably the most important factor limiting crop yields worldwide, therefore it is not surprising that there has been continuing interest in the ways in which drought affects crop yield. Efforts have been concentrated in this area in the hope that it would prove possible to use a knowledge of drought physiology to provide a rational basis for the development of rapid methods of breeding drought tolerant cultivars, and also to help in the improvement of crop management for dry conditions. The last five years have seen some important reassessments of the underlying principles and concepts involved in plant response to drought and these will be outlined in this brief review. Some of these important shifts in emphasis have been highlighted by Kramer (1988), Passioura (1988), Schulzeel al.(1988) and Boyer (1989), particularly in relation to the question of what measure of water stress is most relevant to plant function. As it is not possible to cover all aspects of drought physiology in a brief review of this nature, we highlight four topics where recent findings may have particular relevance to the improvement of drought tolerance in agricultural crops.

Effect of tillage and cropping systems on runoff, soil loss and crop yields under semiarid rainfed agriculture in India

2014 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 126-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Kurothe ◽  
Gopal Kumar ◽  
Rajive Singh ◽  
H.B. Singh ◽  
S.P. Tiwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Rainfed Agriculture
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