Consumption of Peaches, Plums and Nectarines is Associated with Better Nutrient Intakes, Improved Anthropometric Measurements, and Reduced Risk of Hypertension in NHANES 1999–2002

2005 ◽  
Vol 105 (8) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.A. Beals ◽  
V.L. Fulgoni
Keyword(s):  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Reduced Risk

scholarly journals Infant feeding practices and dietary consumption of US infants and toddlers: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2012

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen E Davis ◽  
Xilong Li ◽  
Beverley Adams-Huet ◽  
Lona Sandon
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
National Health ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Infants And Toddlers ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Race Ethnicity

AbstractObjectiveTo compare infant and toddler anthropometric measurements, feeding practices and mean nutrient intakes by race/ethnicity and income.DesignCross-sectional analysis using general linear modelling. Ten years of survey data (2003–2012) were combined to compare anthropometric measurements, feeding practices and mean nutrient intakes from a nationally representative US sample.SettingThe 2003–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).SubjectsInfants and toddlers (n 3669) aged 0–24 months.ResultsRates of overweight were higher among Mexican-American infants and toddlers (P=0·002). There were also several differences in feeding practices among groups based on race/ethnicity. Cessation of breast-feeding occurred earlier for non-Hispanic black and Mexican-American v. non-Hispanic white infants (3·6 and 4·2 v. 5·3 months; P<0·0001; P=0·001). Age at first feeding of solids was earlier for white than Mexican-American infants (5·3 v. 5·7 months; P=0·02). There were differences in almost all feeding practices based on income, including the lowest-income infants stopped breast-feeding earlier than the highest-income infants (3·2 v. 5·8 months, P<0·0001). Several differences in mean nutrient intakes by both race/ethnicity and income were also identified.ConclusionsOur study indicates that disparities in overweight, feeding practices and mean nutrient intakes exist among infants and toddlers according to race/ethnicity, which cannot be disentangled from income.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake across Reproductive Life Stages of Women in India: A Cross-Sectional Survey from 4 Districts of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Shantanu Sharma ◽  
Faiyaz Akhtar ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Sunil Mehra
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Newly Married

Nutritional deficiencies among women of reproductive age, especially from socially backward classes, are widely prevalent in India. The present study aimed to assess the nutrient intakes and analyse their associations with sociodemographic attributes among socially backward adolescent girls, newly married women, pregnant women, and lactating mothers from four districts of India. Further, the study looked at the associations between nutrient intakes and anthropometric measurements (body mass index, BMI; waist circumference; and waist-hip ratio, WHR) among adolescents and newly married women. This community-based cross-sectional study used the 24-hour recall method of the dietary survey to assess the food intake of women and girls. Nonparametric tests of associations between sociodemographic characteristics and the median nutrient intakes were conducted. Expected and observed increments in energy and nutrient intakes of pregnant and lactating women from the base (requirement of an adult woman) were calculated. A total of 477 pregnant women, 455 lactating mothers, 532 newly married women, and 223 adolescent girls were interviewed. According to the 24-h dietary recall, only 35% of adolescent girls, 57% newly married women, 40% pregnant women, and 34% lactating mothers were able to meet 70% of the recommended energy requirements. A large percentage of pregnant women had less than 50% of the recommended intakes of iron, calcium, and folic acid. Women living in nuclear families, urban slums, and those from backward classes had lower intakes of almost all the nutrients compared to their counterparts (p<0.001). There were no significant differences in the nutrient intakes of adolescents, newly married, pregnant, and lactating women, and all had poor dietary intakes. We found positive relationships of all three anthropometric measurements (BMI, waist circumference, and WHR) with fats and inverse associations with carbohydrates. Public health interventions should work towards improving the nutrition of these vulnerable populations.

Serum Retinol, α-tocopherol, and Lipid Peroxide Concentrations in Low-income Indian Pregnant Mothers

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Lohia ◽  
Shobha Udipi ◽  
Padmini Ghugre ◽  
Kishori Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Nutrient Intakes

Serum α-tocopherol, retinol, and malondialdehyde concentrations were measured at 7th month of pregnancy in 122 women from low socio-economic background. Maternal anthropometric measurements, 24-hour nutrient intakes, and pregnancy outcome were recorded. One-third (34.3 %) of mothers had low birth weight babies and 10 % delivered preterm. Maternal diets were inadequate in all the nutrients, the most limiting being vitamin A. Three-fourths of mothers had intakes less than 25 % of the Indian recommended daily intake (RDI) of 600 µg retinol equivalents/day. Serum α-tocopherol concentrations of 98 % were indicative of deficiency and almost half the mothers had low serum retinol concentrations (≤10 µg/dL). Mean malondialdehyde level was 7.0 ± 1.4 nmoles/mL. These values are higher than reports in the literature and were attributable to poor intake of most dietary antioxidants. Malondialdehyde concentrations were negatively correlated with serum α-tocopherol. Birth weight was positively correlated with maternal weight and biceps skinfold thickness, macronutrient intakes, serum retinol, and α-tocopherol concentrations. Preterm delivery was associated with low anthropometric measurements and low nutrient intakes especially vitamin A. Mothers who delivered preterm had significantly lower malondialdehyde concentrations than those who delivered at term. The role of antioxidant nutrients, especially vitamin A and oxidative stress in relation to fetal growth and pregnancy outcome among mothers from low socioeconomic settings requires attention.

Understanding Terminal Decline in Cognition and Risk of Death

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Rabbitt ◽  
Mary Lunn ◽  
Danny Wong
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Intelligence Test ◽  
Practice Effects ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Impending Death ◽  
Intelligence Test Scores ◽  
Reduced Risk

There is new empirical evidence that the effects of impending death on cognition have been miscalculated because of neglect of the incidence of dropout and of practice gains during longitudinal studies. When these are taken into consideration, amounts and rates of cognitive declines preceding death and dropout are seen to be almost identical, and participants aged 49 to 93 years who neither dropout nor die show little or no decline during a 20-year longitudinal study. Practice effects are theoretically informative. Positive gains are greater for young and more intelligent participants and at all levels of intelligence and durations of practice; declines in scores of 10% or more between successive quadrennial test sessions are risk factors for mortality. Higher baseline intelligence test scores are also associated with reduced risk of mortality, even when demographics and socioeconomic advantage have been taken into consideration.

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