:
The aim of this work is review of tacrine analogues from the last three years, which were not included in the
latest review work, donepezil and galantamine hybrids from 2015 and rivastigmine derivatives from 2014. In this account
we summarize the efforts toward the development and characterization of non-toxic inhibitors of cholinesterases based on
mentioned drugs with various interesting additional properties such as antioxidant, decreasing β-amyloid plaque
aggregation, nitric oxide production, pro-inflammatory cytokines release, monoamine oxidase-B activity, cytotoxicity and
oxidative stress in vitro and in animal model that classify these hybrids as potential multifunctional therapeutic agents for
Alzheimer’s disease. Moreover, herein, we have described the cholinergic hypothesis, mechanisms of neurodegeneration
and current pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer’s disease which is based on the restoration of cholinergic function through
blocking enzymes that break down acetylcholine.
Development of a Femtomolar-Acting Humanin Derivative Named Colivelin by Attaching Activity-Dependent Neurotrophic Factor to Its N Terminus: Characterization of Colivelin-Mediated Neuroprotection against Alzheimer's Disease-Relevant Insults In Vitro and In Vivo